Izinhlobo ezinkulu yokukhuluma (Ibanga 2). Yiziphi izinhlobo nenkulumo?

Wonke umuntu okumbalwa akwazi ukuxhumana usebenzisa ulimi olukhulunywa. Ngokuzihlanganisa abantu abakwazi ukuveza imizwa nemizwelo yabo, ukukhuluma mayelana isinkwa, amadlingozi. Ukukhuluma indoda amandla ukuze ifike ezingeni eliphakeme impucuko. Esikhathini ezincwadini zesayensi kukhona ngezizathu ezingenakubalwa ngokuhlelwa ngezigaba yokukhuluma. Ngokuvamile, isifundo kolimi njengoba wokuxhumana kuyadingeka ukuqonda izinqubo ezihleli ezenzeka Komuntu lapho ukuxhumana ngamazwi nabanye. Emuva ekutholeni amakghono ulimi labetibambile ngokungazi futhi ngokwemvelo. Uhlelo School inikeza umsebenzi ngijwayele imfundiso yokuziphendukela ngezinhlobo ekilasini inkulumo 2 abafundi. Esikhathini esizayo, lolu hlelo abafundi inkinga ngokolimi ukutadisha kolimi amakhono. Lesi sihloko sigxile ebuhlotsheni typology of ukuzwakala izinhlobo ulimi.

Inombolo interlocutors

Okokuqala, cabanga ngelithi amafomu olula inkulumo. 2 ekilasini esikoleni ngokuhambisana semfundo wethula imiqondo inkhulumomphendvulwano kanye wedwa. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa has njengesisekelo inani labamba iqhaza enqubeni zokuxhumana. Ngakho, la mazwi ingxenye efanayo "-log", okuyinto elihunyushwe esuka ngesiGreki ngokuthi "izwi", "umqondo" ke. " Kuthatha ivelaphi ezivela olimini olufanayo "mono" lisho ukuthi "umuntu". Ngakho, i-Monologue - ke ingenye ngabanye elibheke noma yena noma kunoma izilaleli. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ingxenye "di" ngesiGreki lisho "ezimbili." Ngenxa yalokho, inkulumo mpendulwano - kuyinto impambano imiyalezo phakathi interlocutors ezimbili. Lokhu kuhilela ngamunye wabo a wedwa. Inzwa inkhulumomphendvulwano ukushintsha kwemifanekiso.

Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi yini izinhlobo nenkulumo, abantu avamise ukubizwa njengoba incazelo ezivamile. Nokho, kunolunye uhlobo olufanayo lolwazi polylogue. "Midi" okusho ukuthi "abaningi". Lapha sikhuluma khona interlocutors ezimbili noma ezingaphezulu.

Ubunjalo ezikhulunywayo

Iziphi ezinye izinhlobo yokukhuluma? 2 ikilasi efunda Ukwahlukaniswa ukuxhumana okuqondile, hhayi kuphela esekelwe inombolo interlocutors. Esinye isizathu sokuba Ukwahlukaniswa ulimi ukhonza ubuhle kanye Sublimity isitayela sakhe. Ngesisekelo le umbandela, izinhlobo ezinjalo eziyisisekelo inkulumo, njengoba umbhalo pre-nokubhala, etemibhalo uThandeka. Okokuqala, cabangela uhlobo lokuzijabulisa lokuqala ulimi.

Vele uqalaza

Njengoba sazi, abantu baye bafunda ukwenza imisindo ekuqaleni, futhi kuphela ke - wokuveza izinhlamvu. Ekuqaleni, likhona kuphela yetemlomo. ulimi Preliterate namuhla kuhlanganisa ikakhulu nokuxhumana nabanye, okuyinto ongeke neze phansi futhi lihlaba esikhonkosini ebukhoneni prototype yesibonakaliso akadingi. Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene izingxoxo ngomlomo, ukuze uqambe phezu yezinganekwane fly Fairy, amahemuhemu ngokuphindaphindiwe ngocansi. Theory wesayensi yezilimi kuyinto amafomu ezivamile pre-nokubhala inkulumo amahemuhemu, inkhulumomphendvulwano kanye zamasiko. Ngesisekelo Ukukhetha inombolo umyalezo ukudlala. Ngakho, la mahlebezi ivezwa kanye kuphela. Inhloso esemqoka yalolu hlobo yokukhuluma - ukudlulisela ukwaziswa ezithile ilungu isikhathi ngasinye lapho. Lo mlayezo ngeke usaba khona ngokushesha nje kuziwa zonke interlocutors, njengoba ukukhiqizwa kabusha yayo okuphindaphindiwe akudingekile. A ukuvinjelwa ukukhiqizwa kabusha zingephulwa, kodwa uma inzwabethi uqala khona uhlobo oluhlukile - ngesimo inhlebo ukuthi babe isinikeze ulwazi olunganembile uhlamvu.

Preliterate ke ngesimo inkhulumomphendvulwano, sesibonile, Nokho, kule ngezigaba, isetshenziswa ngendlela anencazelo ezahlukene. Lapha kugxilwa hhayi inombolo interlocutors futhi inani kudlala nomthwalo semantic tetheksthi. Ingxoxo ka lesi silinganiso zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu ezithile VEZA izinhlangano ezahlukene ngalesi sihloko. Njengoba ojwayelekile, ematheksthi yakhiqizwa kanye kuphela, ngoba ngisho esimweni umthombo okuphindaphindiwe, ukuphinda umusho walizwakalisa ngaphambili, ukushintsha ithoni noma kwemagama emshweni.

Ekugcineni, temdzabu - uhlobo preliterate yokukhuluma, esibonakala by ukuphindaphinda amaningi. Ngokungafani amahlebezi temdzabu kuyinto nakumasiko nemibhalo yalo ezigcinwe kahle eminyakeni. Ukuze lolu hlobo zihlanganisa Folk yezinganekwane, imizekeliso.

ematheksthi etemibhalo

Sibukeze preliterate ke njengoba lokuqala izinhlobo imiyalezo kuye ubunjalo kukhulunywa. Manje ake sibheke ulimi etemibhalo. Kukhona indawo kude zokuxhumana kwansuku zonke. Lolu hlobo inkulumo libhekene njengendlela bangaqhoshi, abanekhono. Ekuqaleni, izincwadi nemibhalo ezilotshwe iphepha futhi sinobuhlobo ezikude kakhulu imiyalezo ngamazwi. Kodwa ke ngekhanda futhi iguqulwe ibe umsindo. Kuyinto ngenxa inqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana ngokudala imibhalo okuholela ukuthola isimo sabo ekahle. Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo inkulumo wokubhala Russian ulimi, mpendulo futhi ikhophi eyithulamsindo. Ake sihlole kubo ngokuningiliziwe.

Oratorika

Lolu hlobo incazelo kwezincwadi umbhalo inkulumo yomuntu phambi izilaleli ethize, esithinta ezinkulu ekuphileni izindikimba abalaleli. Kulokhu isikhulumi akunakwenzeka ukusungula inkhulumomphendvulwano izethameli zabo. Ubizwa ngenkani uthi bonke comers enkulumweni eyodwa. Isibonelo mpendulo umbuzo zokwahlulela. Ngokwesibonelo, ummeli enkulumweni yakhe yokugcina has ithuba lokubonisa amakhono ukukhuluma futhi ukuveza umbono siqu isimo, kodwa akakwazi ukubuza imibuzo ababukeli. Abafundi basabela amazwi iseluleko ngokushesha ngaphakathi sebevumelana naye basuke noma akathathi ngombono wakhe. Ngakho, oratorika abazalwa presents monologues.

ikhophi eyithulamsindo

Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi yini izinhlobo yokukhuluma (etemibhalo) zikhona, akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa uhlobo izitatimende. Kuqhathaniswa ikhophi eyithulamsindo oratorikoy njenge-mpendulwano. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lapha kakhulu kukhona ukulungiselela izitatimende ngomlomo, kodwa umqhubi akaphoqelekile ukunikeza bonke abantu abanentshisekelo umlayezo owodwa. Njengomthetho, Ihlukana izingxenye ezithile ukuze nethonya elikhulu kakhulu izilaleli. Izinkulumo ezinjalo libe nethonya elikhulu ku imfundo emphakathini. Iphendula umbuzo iziphi izinhlobo nenkulumo, kuyafaneleka kokukhuluma esontweni, nokumela nasekuqeqesheni uhlobo homiletic.

izwi wokwelusa

Lolu hlobo ikhophi eyithulamsindo igxile umthelela abafundi, ikakhulukazi, imizwa yabo futhi intando. Ibandla likhona uhlobo ikhophi eyithulamsindo ntshumayelo amafomu, izingxoxo kanye nokuvuma. Okokuqala kuyinto uthole ukulandisa okuningiliziwe ezinye amaqiniso angcwele. Umshumayeli enkulumweni yakhe libhekisela kubantu ukuze ubuyekeze ulwazi olukhona kubantu, ukhulise ukuqondana abo, Egcizelela ukubaluleka kwabo. Le ngxoxo, esikhundleni salokho, uhlolo nokwenziwa umphakathi ngamaqiniso banikezwe ntshumayelo. Isinyathelo sokugcina ingabe ukuvuma izono. Ngemva ukuphenduka umpristi, ekuhloleni izinga, empeleni abantu babheka nemiyalelo yabo, futhi wenza inkulumo, okuhloswe ngalo ukuthonya umuntu ngenjongo izinguquko evumayo umphefumulo wakhe.

inqubo Ukufundisa

Ikhophi eyithulamsindo ogcwele lonke uhlelo lwemfundo. The main tinhlobo tekuchumana kothisha nabafundi kukhona izinkulumo, izingqungquthela futhi pass / ukuhlolwa. Ziyakwazi kulula nokulandisa izinhlobonhlobo ukuxhumana phakathi umfundisi kanye amakholwa okuxoxwe ngawo ngenhla. Inkulumo, kanye nentshumayelo okuhlose ukugqamisa izinto ezibalulekile eziphathelene nezokwelapha incazelo izilaleli. Nokho, ngokungafani ikhophi eyithulamsindo isonto, okubandakanya landelo izitatimende zomphakathi owaziwa ukuze uthuthukise ukuqondana abo, ukuqeqeshwa kuhilela izilaleli isigijimi, ulwazi olusha bonobumba.

Manje qhathanisa esigabeni esilandelayo se-zemfundo zokuxhumana workshop nge-interview. umsebenzi esiwusizo kanye nabafundi bawenza ukuqinisekisa ngokwezinga kanye nekhwalithi nokwenziwa kolwazi. Ekugcineni, ukuhlolwa uhlobo izono, lapho uthisha ihlola bezibona abafundi 'amaqiniso bekene okwethulwa izinkulumo.

izitatimende yokukhangisa

inkulumo rhetorician okuhloswe ngaso ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokukhangisa kolwazi oluthile, siqukethe amaqiniso ezazaziwa, ngokuhlanganiswa entsha. Ngakho, inkulumo-ze ikhophi eyithulamsindo luyinhlanganisela esontweni ngenhloso yokuqeqesha.

Manje cabanga izinhlobo khona tematheksthi enjalo. Eyokuqala yalezi wukuqhubeka (imisebenzi ekudluliseni ulwazi oluthile). Isinyathelo sesibili umkhankaso lapho umqhubi ulungisiswa yenguquko ukusuka reflection esenzweni. Ekugcineni, ifomu lwesithathu ze ikhophi eyithulamsindo kuyinto ukukhangisa, okuyinto ine umphumela ukulawula nekusebenta ukuyaluza.

Umsindo itheksthi lebhaliwe

Akukhona njalo umuntu ofuna ukuba asho ngokuzwakalayo ebhaliwe, ifunda ke. Kwakunokwenzeka, isibonelo, ukufunda. By the way, ifomu kwezincwadi umbhalo kanye izwi - ke izinhlobo yokukhuluma, esondela lokubhala. zingabantu abanekhono futhi ukwakhiwa okunomqondo umbhalo ngenxa ukulungisa lezi izinhlobo izitatimende ephepheni. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umsindo kungenzeka ngesimo ukufundwa elula. Kuleli fomu yokukhuluma, njengoba umthetho, umbhalo nje sho ngaphandle kokudinga ukusetshenziswa intonations ethile nesimo sobuso. Ngokufunda izinhlobo yokukhuluma, 2 abafundi ekilasini sibhekene imigomo ngokolimi efana declamation. Ukufundwa okunjalo akuyona elula izinhlamvu ukudlala ekhululekile, ngisho ukubuyisa, umsindo Rhythmic, njengoba umthetho, usebenza yobuciko (emavesini amaningi).

ukulungela

Kukhona esinye isizathu typology tematheksthi ngamazwi. Ngakho, umbuzo, yiziphi izinhlobo yokukhuluma, isigaba 2 esekelwe lwazi aluthola, kungabangela ngezigaba yokukhuluma kuncike degree yayo ukulungela. Ngokuvamile, izitatimende eyashiwo kithi zinezikhathi iletha futhi kwakhiwa kancane kancane, ngokuhamba inkhulumomphendvulwano. izinhlobo ongaqeqeshiwe namafomu yokukhuluma zenzeka njalo, ngoba umuntu ngamunye ukuxhumana namanye amalungu umphakathi kude ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ngosuku. Uyindlela kwansuku kusengaphambili ayikwazi cabangela, ngakho lapho ngokuvamile zenzeka inkulumo amaphutha, ukuhlaba ikhefu, ukusetshenziswa imisho elula amazwi ezivame kakhulu. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, inkulumo okulungiselelwe (isib iphepha) libhekene khona isakhiwo pre-eklanyelwe futhi ngokunengqondo nalolwakheke kahle.

Ukunaka lonke ulwazi oluqukethwe kulesi sihloko, kungabangela inkulumo elandelayo: inkulumompendulwano Monologue; okulungiselelwe kanye ungakulungele; preliterate, ethi umbhalo nokulotshwa kwalo.