Izikhangibavakashi eBukhara. izikhumbuzo zomlando ka eBukhara

Ubani akathandi ukuhamba futhi ukuthola izindawo ezintsha enhle? Yiqiniso, ulwandle, ilanga kanye ebhishi - lena ukuhlala main ukhathele monotony zokuphila kwansuku zonke kwabantu, kodwa nawe uzovuma - ukuhlola izwe kanye namagugu zomlando yamazwe ahlukene is engengaphansi ezithakazelisayo futhi kujabulise. Umfundi ulinde e excursus kwethu eBukhara (Uzbekistan). Umeme ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana zonke ezikhangayo lokhu ekhoneni enhle kakhulu kule planethi yethu.

Legend of Uzbekistan

EBukhara - umuzi ngokoqobo oyimfihlakalo kanye legend. Izazi-mlando zithi yasungulwa yi-Siyavush omkhulu, lowo ngokusho legend, wayeyindodana yinkosi Iranian Keikavus futhi turanki enhle kokubaleka uyise okuhlukumezayo. Kwaba Siyavush - iqhawe nesibindi futhi angamaqhawe - eyakhelwe enqabeni lokuqala eBukhara koMphongolo, esangweni empumalanga lapho wangcwatshwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe ebulawa Afrasiab, inkosi yakwa-Turan. Zonke hlungu ababulewe Warmaster izakhamuzi eBukhara yanqamula emjikelezweni ingoma ebizwa ngokuthi "mugov Ukukhala" futhi Siyavush abayithandayo kuze kube namuhla nakwa Day kaNcibijane ihlabe iqhude ezindongeni abasindile enqabeni eBukhara kukhunjulwa umsunguli waleli dolobha. By the way, ngokusebenzisa imizi Uzbekistan, okungukuthi ngokusebenzisa eBukhara, kanye edume Omkhulu Silk Road - endleleni yokuxhuma eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga.

Ukholo yesimanjemanje

Kuze kube manje, eBukhara - nomuzi hhayi kuphela maphakathi isiko Uzbekistan, kodwa futhi maphakathi lesifunda yezwe. Uzbeks waqamba leyo nsika emzini Islam. Uma ukholwa ukuthi omunye zinganekwane eziningi, zonke edolobheni elinabantu-Muslim, elingcwelisa umboza ukukhanya shining esibhakabhakeni, futhi nje kuka eBukhara, yena odlula phezulu ezulwini.

Ngempela, akubona bonke emizini Uzbekistan kungaba ozibongayo amathempeli amaningi kakhulu ahlukile noma emathuneni amaSulumane elikhulu elalizokwakhiwa usanta. Nokho, eBukhara ezikhangayo - iyindawo ngokunikezela imithandazo Allah hhayi kuphela. Lo muzi has izindawo eziningi echichima umlando izindaba. Kulapha, e eBukhara, ukudala izinkondlo nemisebenzi yesayensi ezifana nabantu abakhulu njengoba u-Avicenna futhi Omar Khayyam.

ugqozi esiqokiwe

Edolobheni, ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi eBukhara ubudala ngezindaba ezethusayo yayo zithandelana entsha, eBukhara yesimanje. ezitaladini zalo ongaqondakali futhi tortuous kanye ezindongeni zezakhiwo newfangled ngokuthula ziphila ndawonye nezinkawu nezingwenya ezindongeni zezakhiwo enomlando omude. Lena - idolobha kokuqhathanisa, benamandla umoya wokuhlakanipha lasendulo futhi yasempumalanga.

Izikhangibavakashi eBukhara ukuhlola ngosuku olulodwa akunakwenzeka - njengoba ziziningi. Izitshiwe ukuvakashela omunye wabo - kunjani ukuba eParis futhi akasiboni-Eiffel Tower. Ukuze zihlale charm lo muzi wonke amangqamuzana emzimbeni, kungenzeka ukufunda izinkambo eBukhara ezihlinzekwa eziningi tour opharetha. Futhi, uma ukuhlola wonke amagumbi lo iparele Uzbekistan ayikho indlela, qiniseka ukuvakashela Mausoleum Samandinov, Citadel koMphongolo, Miri Arab Madrassah, Kalyan Mosque, Chor-Minor Trade domes. Lezi izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu eBukhara, okuyinto njalo wenze izivakashi zinemibono ehlala njalo.

Ifa lwamakhosi

Omunye izakhiwo zasendulo impela Islamic zomlando ezakhiwa ekhulwini 10, iyona Mausoleum Samandinov. Njengoba yayakhiwe ngezitini kanye nephethini emibi, Kungashiwo kufanele kubhekwe isikhumbuzo of umkhiqizo wokwakha izitini ngalezo zikhathi. I Mausoleum labhujiswa ngesikhathi amaMongol ahlasele kuleli eBukhara futhi kahle walondoloza izikhathi zethu, ngoba wawugcwele isihlabathi cezu zezakhiwo ubhujiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nganekwane wasendulo has it ukuthi ubuhle elihle Mausoleum ezenziwe abahlaseli nethonya elikhulu enjalo ukuthi zikhulekela ubuhle isakhiwo, akazange alishise, kokushiya isetshenzwe. Kuvulwa isakhiwo kungokwalabo umvubukuli Soviet Basil Afanasievich Shishkin, wathola ke ngo-1934 ngesikhathi kumbiwa.

Mausoleum Samandinov - isiphephelo zokugcina, okuyinto umzuzile okuphakade amalungu ukuphumula Samandinov lwamakhosi - Ismail Samani (umbusi eBukhara kanye lokugcina lwamakhosi Persian) nendodana yakhe u-Ibn Ismail Ahmad.

Mausoleum Samandinov - akuyona nje lesikhumbuzo yasendulo isiko isakhiwo, kuba yonke indaba ngokuvuka edolobheni ngemva izimpi engapheli nama-Arabhu.

ethempelini yolwazi

Uma ubheka izinto eBukhara, akunakwenzeka ukuba uvakashele Miri Arab. Akukona indawo nje sikhexe, kodwa futhi omunye izikhungo lokuqala ezemfundo, okuyinto zangenkathi yeSoviet Union wayewukuphela kwesisebenzi uhlobo lwayo ngabantu abathi Islam.

Kusolakala ukuthi umsunguli isikhungo, Miri Arab sheikh, eqiniseka umbusi eBukhara ukuthengisa iziboshwa 3,000 Iran ukusebenzisa imali yokwakha madrassas. Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-20 kwaba sikhungo yodumo zemfundo.

Ngo-1941, ngaphambi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, amaBolshevik okuhleliwe yezempi isakhiwo isosha ehhovisi ngesikhathi sempi ngaphansi domes Madrasah ababaleki lokusinda.

Esikhathini sethu, naphezu lenqwaba amanyuvesi ezahlukene, Miri Arab namanje kubhekwa omunye the best, futhi umncintiswano yalabasha labangenako iyamangalisa - abantu mayelana 14 isihlalo ngasinye.

Lesi sakhiwo kunemivuzo ehlotshiswe yamatshe ezimibalabala, is ngomlingo siguqulelwa ngemihlobiso izimbali. Indawo enhle kakhulu Miri Arab - ethuneni lapho amanga lo Sheikh Abdullah Yamani, mudarris Muhammad Kasim futhi Ubaidullah Khan.

Indawo yokukhulekela

Kalyan Mosque - liwukuphela kwesakhiwo endala ngokunikezela imithandazo ensimini ka -Asia Ephakathi, elakhiwa ngekhulu le-15. Indawo isakhiwo angazamukela phakathi ngamaholide enkolo kubantu abangaba ngu-12 000.

Igalari Kalon Mosque, ogibele amakholomu 208, 288 aqukethe domes kanye domes okwesibhakabhaka uhlobo ukushaya ikhadi of eBukhara.

Ezinhlangothini ezine

Chor Minor simele inhlanganisela ephelele nobuhle nobukhulu. Igama Chor-Minor kusho "nemibhoshongo yabaseTurkey ezine", akha ifomu yohlobo madrassas futhi zimelela South, North, iWest ne-East. Izazi-mlando zithi kanye ocebile yomthengisi usilika ukhaphethi namahhashi thoroughbred Niyazkul Bey uhambo kuya eNdiya, vakashela Taj Mahal. Wayelethwa wammangaza kakhulu yilo isakhiwo ukuthi, lapho ngibuya ekhaya banquma ukwakha engengaphansi isakhiwo ngokubabazekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wabeka phambili umakhi ezimeni eziningana saziso.

Eyokuqala - sakhiwo esizokwakhiwa phezu Silk Road, abahwebi kanye nabahamba wayengeke aliyeke.

Okwesibili - bheka madrassas kufanele zifanekisela amaphuzu amane eziyinhloko futhi ubonise wonke umuntu ukuthi zonke izizwe zomhlaba ziyefana bakuphi.

Indawo curiosities

Njengoba eBukhara kwaba phezu Silk Road, kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka kuba platform enkulu ukuhweba. It ufika lapha izimpahla abathengisi lamazwe akude kakhulu.

Ukuze uhlele indawo ukwenza imisebenzi kwezohwebo, ukuhweba domes kwakhiwa umxhwele. Sahlela ngaphansi asempumalanga, lapho zigcwaliseka ngathenga ezihlukahlukene izimpahla - kusuka ukudla ukuze curiosities banal kwezilwandle.

A emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, Dome yayo eyenzelwe uhlobo izimpahla ngamunye. Namuhla, lona liye laba yitshe ayibalulekile, futhi kuphela ezintathu kuzo ziba yayisetshenziselwa ukuhwebelana.