Izimiso zokuphila Chatsky and Molchalin. Izici zeMolchalin neChatsky

Iminyaka eyishumi kusukela manje, kuyoba namakhulu amabili, njengoba kuhlaziyiwe ezitebhisini i-comedy "Woe kusuka kuWe" ihambisana nempumelelo engaguquki. Phakathi kwabalingisi brilliant, okuvezwe emsebenzini wakhe eGriboedov - Chatsky naseMolchalin. Yibo abazinikele ku-athikili yethu.

Izincwadi zakudala zaseRussia zangekhulu lokuqala le-19 zaziyimfanelo engavamile: idiplomate ehlakaniphile "imile amabutho ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20", omunye wabantu abafunde kakhulu ngesikhathi sakhe. Umbukeli uyathandeka ngokulingiswa komphakathi waseMoscow ohloniphekile wesandla esiphezulu esenziwe ngumdlali wezemidlalo. Izinhlamvu ze-comedy ye-Griboedov zikhanyayo futhi zifanelekile.

Ngokuyinhloko, izimiso zokuphila zikaChatsky noMolchalin, abantu abasha ababili abaneminyaka engu-23 no-24 ubudala, abaqala ukuphila kwabo emphakathini waseRussia, banombono. Izimiso zokuqala ziyancishiselwa ekubhujisweni kwezisekelo ze-serfdom. Owesibili ucatshangelwa umsebenzi osebenza kahle ngaphakathi kwezwe elizinzile.

Ukuqhathaniswa nezimiso zomphakathi zeChatsky neMolchalin

Imvelo yomsebenzi womphakathi wabantu ngezinga elithile elinqunywe isimo sabo senhlalakahle. Umsuka ka-Alexander Andreevich Chatsky no-Alexei Stepanovich Molchalin uhlukile. I-Chatsky - i-aristocrat, yena, engekho enkonzweni, inomthombo ongenayo wokuthola imali. Futhi hhayi kuphela inikeza "isinkwa nsuku zonke", kodwa futhi ikuvumela ukuba uye "ukufunda ingqondo" eYurophu. Izimiso zokuphila zeChatsky neMolchalin yizimiso zamaqembu ahlukahlukene eenhlalakahle: abahlonishwayo abadelela umsebenzi futhi bafuna ukuguqulwa kweFrance, no-raznochintsev, umsebenzi wabo ofuna ukuqashelwa.

I-Chatsky ibizwa ngokuthi "umprofethi oshisayo"

Lapho efika ekhaya, u-Aristocrat Chatsky, ophefumulelwe ukuqhubekela phambili kweYurophu, ngokusho kuka-Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, ubeka isikhundla sakhe "somprofethi oshisayo" ongakwazi ngisho nokuthi izimiso zokumemezela ezenziwe eRussia zingatholakala kanjani eRussia.

Imishwana ye-Chatsky bludgeon futhi ilungile. U-Alexander ungumuntu ongeyena muntu futhi ongobuhle. Ukukhulumisana kwakhe nabanye abantu kuncishisiwe kwaba yizici ezimbi zomlilo kanye namaqembu aphikisayo emibono ephikisanayo. U-Alexander Isaevich waphawula ukungaqondi kahle kwaleli goli uGriboedov, ukulungela kwakhe "ukubamba" abaphikisi bakhe, futhi kungadingekile ukuba kwenziwe kanjalo.

I-Pushkin, ekhuluma ngoChatsky, yayiyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu - "umuntu omncane omnandi."

Chatsky and Molchalin - isimo sengqondo esihlukile emphakathini

Ngokungafani nontanga yakhe ecebile kakhulu, u-Alexei uzizwa ehlala emphakathini ahlala kuwo. Ukukhalipha nokulalela kwakhe kumlethela amabhonasi omphakathi. Lesi sifundazwe singaphezu kobhala, empeleni - isandla sokunene se-Famusov. Uyathokozisa abangane bomninimzi wakhe bevakashela indlu yaseNfortusov.

Ingabe u-Chatsky uqinisile, ngubani obiza ngokuthi "obheke ubuso ababili", "reptilian", "kusho" unobhala? Phela, akazami ngisho nokuqonda ukuthi u-Alexei ungubani. Isici sokuqhathanisa seChatsky neMolchalin sidalula ubuntu obunjalo obuhlukene obuhlukene bezinhlobo ezahlukene zengqondo. Okukodwa - okukhanyayo, okucabangelayo, okungokwemvelo, okwesibili - ezingokoqobo, ezomnotho. Phela, eqinisweni, u-Alexei Stepanovich Molchalin wenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokuhlonipha nokubekezela.

Ekugcineni, bangashukunyiswa ukubonga ku-Famusov - umsizi wakhe, indoda enikeza umsebenzi nendawo yokuhlala. UMOLCHALIN akacabangi ngezinto (ngokusho kukaprofesa waseBulgakov u-Preobrazhensky) "isisindo se-cosmic nobuwula be-cosmic." Wenza okungaphezu kwalokho akushoyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhonjiswa kukaMolchalin noChatsky kubonisa ukuthi owokuqala akagcini nje ngokuthembeka emphakathini, kodwa futhi uyisicoco sakhe esiwusizo. Esesibili kumele kuthiwa ibutho labantu abengeziwe ezweni lakubo, kulandela u-Evgeny Onegin noPechorin. Yena, ngokulandela umqondo womlobi womsebenzi, uzibeka ngokwakhe njengowodwa "indoda ehlakaniphile" phakathi "kweziwula".

Izimiso zokuphila zeChatsky neMolchalin zingenakuvunywa. Imibono yabokuqala ihlukanisile nempilo yaseRussia, yiziqubulo ezijwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwazo, ukuphila kulasha.

Ingabe uMolchanin "unamaqhinga" kangaka?

U-Alexei Molchalin, ngokungafani nomphikisi wakhe, uthola impilo ngokusebenza. Imithetho yakhe yokuphila ihlolwe ngokwenza. Yena, esebenza njengobhala, uhlala endlini yomphathi wakhe uPavel Afanasevich Famusov, empeleni wenza wonke umsebenzi wehhovisi lomphathi wendawo esemthethweni. Ngamanye amazwi, uMolchalin ungumabhalane kanye ne-accountant. Uyakwazisa indawo yakhe yomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukumsola ngokuthi "ukulinganisela nokuchithwa"?

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasha bahlanganiswa ngxabano lothando. UChatsky uthanda indodakazi kaNomusov, uSophia; Futhi naye uzwelana no-Alexei Khlestakov. Izimiso zokuphila zeChatsky noMolchalin zihlukile, kuhlanganise nobuhlobo bobulili obuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, u-Chatsky, ozicabangela ukuthi ulungile, akazi lutho ngezizathu eziye zavutha imizwa yentombazane ngaye.

I-Molchalin - "ephilayo", isici esiphutha

UMOLCHALIN akafumani isibindi sokuvuma uSophia ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthi akamthandi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uyathandeka ekukhulumeni naye futhi akayekethisi intombazane. I-Griboedov emfanekisweni weMolchalin ibonisa umqeqeshi wezemisebenzi ongenalo isihloko esihloniphekile, noma kunjalo, esiyinkimbinkimbi. Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ulandela ukufeza isikhundla esihle emphakathini. AmaMolchalins ayithandi imibono nokugxekwa. Isici sabo - umsebenzi onzima nsuku zonke.

I-Griboyedov kuletha lezi zinhlamvu ezimbili zibe yingxabano yezwe: Chatsky and Molchalin. Ngemuva kwalokho, bona, abantu abasha, ngokubheka kombhali, bayonquma ubuso "besikhathi esizayo". Kodwa-ke, umfundi uqonda: UNobhala u-Famusov akayona yonke into enjalo ehlakaniphile, njengoba uChatsky ebeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Alexei udidekile ngempela - ngakolunye uhlangothi, efisa ubuhlobo noLiza, omthandayo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi - ezama ukubonisa umusa kumalokazana wenkosi yakhe. Ngengozi, uSophia uzwa ukuvuma kwakhe encekwini. U-Chatsky uyakuthanda lokhu.

Career Molchalin ubhubhisa "uthando lobukhosi"

Isimo asihambisani noMolchalin. Kungenzeka ukuthi uzolahlekelwa umsebenzi ka-unobhala wesifundazwe. Nokho, akenzanga lutho olungenacala, ngesilinganiso esikhulu. Ukusabela kukaSophia esivumelwaneni esizwile kungabizwa ngokuthi "isiphepho esibukweni samanzi." Wayemthanda u-Alex, futhi wayecabanga ukuthi uyamthanda. Indodakazi ka-Famusov yanikeza ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yeqiniso njengokusho kukaMolchalin. I-Chatsky nayo i-gloves evulekile.

Kodwa-ke, uyaqonda kahle ukuthi isikhundla sakhe endlini kaFurusovs sinobunzima. Ngakho-ke, inkulumo ehlakaniphile, ekhulunywa nguLisa, mayelana nemiphumela eyingozi yindoda ehlelekile njenge "intukuthelo yenkosi", kanye "nothando lobukhosi" - iyithinte ngokuqondile. "Uthando lobukhosi" olubangela ukuwa kwekusasa emsebenzini wakhe njengesisebenzi. Izici zokuqhathanisa I- Chatsky ne-Molchalin, ngaleyo ndlela, ibonisa ukuthi kuyisici sesibili sokuxhumana, ukuthobeka, ukuzithiba, kuyokwenza.

Ngokusobala, lezi zici nazo zavusa uzwela ngoSophia.

Esikhundleni sokuphetha

I-Chatsky ne-Molchalin banezinhlobo ezahlukene zokucabanga. U-Alexander Andreevich uveza ngokukhululekile imicabango yakhe, ubonisa ngokucacile isikhundla sakhe esikhethiwe, ngokushesha ugxeke abaphikisi futhi akenzi lutho, bese eshiya umoya owenziwe kabi. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi abathandi bezincwadi zaseRussia sebevele behlangana nomfudlana okhukhulayo futhi ongenangqondo wemicabango evela kumlingisi oyedwa. Yilokho esikwaziyo, u-Ilya Ilyich Oblomov.

Yiqiniso, i-Chatsky iyinhlamvu eguquguqukayo. Kodwa-ke, wayesevele enza isinyathelo sokuqala endleleni ka-Ilya Ilyich-wayenganaki umsebenzi wakhe. Akuyona into eyenziwa ngu-Alexei Molchalin ngalokhu.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlukaniswa kweMolchalin noChatsky, okunikezwe ngumlobi emsebenzini, kunikeza isizathu sokushiya izici zakudala. Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso. Ngemuva kweChatsky - hhayi emihle, naseMolchalin empeleni - akuyona indawo engaba khona.