Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene wezinyoni. I Sakhiwo sangekhatsi izinyoni

I izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu engenayo umsebenzi, uguquko kanye excretion ezisalayo undigested kusukela umzimba wenza isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Izinyoni, izilwane zifanelane indiza, babe nezici ezithile Sakhiwo sangekhatsi. Basuke ngokuyinhloko ezihloselwe ukwehlisa isisindo somzimba wabo. isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene - iyathinteka.

Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene kwezilwane

Zonke chordates, okuhlanganisa izinyoni, akheke ngendlela efanayo wokugaya ukudla. Luqala ngokunikela ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa pharynx ukudla ingena emphinjeni - tube okuholela esiswini. Le ngxenye wokugaya ukudla kuyinto isandiso, lapho ukudla oluphakeme isikhathi eside. Ukunciphisa yokugcina izakhi kwenzeka emathunjini amancane, futhi kukhuthaza ukudla undigested ezisalayo lucwaningo ipheshana sokugcina. Ibizwa ngokuthi emathunjini ezinkulu, kokuvula out cloaca noma ingquza.

Izici wokugaya ukudla yezinyoni kukhona ebukhoneni goiter - ukunwetshwa emphinjeni kanye nokunciphisa ubude emathunjini. Lezi zici kwesakhiwo neqhaza ngaphezulu ukugaya olunzulu futhi ukunciphisa isisindo emzimbeni izinyoni.

I Kungashiwo okufanayo kwezinye isitho izinhlelo?

I Sakhiwo sangekhatsi izinyoni (Ithebula).

uhlelo umzimba	izici kwesakhiwo
zokuphefumula	Kwethulwa ipheshana zokuphefumula (ekhaleni, emphinjeni, kuqhoqhoqho, bronchi), amaphaphu emoyeni sacs
kwegazi	Four-chambered inhliziyo (Atria emibili ventricles amabili) futhi irherho le-closed imithambo yegazi. Izinyoni babe kwegazi ezimbili: ezinkulu nezincane. Ngenxa igazi pooling eyeqile lwemithambo akusho mix, bese izinyoni ziyizilwane ezinegazi elifudumele. Ngakho, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo izimele lokushisa kuma.
excretory	Siqukethe izinso abhanqiwe futhi ureter, okuyinto Amapayipi evulekile phakathi cloaca.
kwemizwa	Asebuchosheni nomgogodla, kusukela iminyango kuyinto cerebellum amaningi.
zobulili	Izinyoni - izilwane dioecious. uhlelo ezalayo emelelwa gonads: testes e kwabesilisa nabesifazane esibelethweni ayibhangqiwe, okuyinto ikhonza njengombonisi isimo ukwehlisa isisindo sabo.

Ukuphakelwa yenkukhu

Lokho isakhiwo, okuyinto has uhlelo inyoni esingavamile sokugaya ukudla, izici zayo futhi umehluko, okokuqala kunakho konke, ngenxa yesimo ukudla. Abahlala emadolobheni zidla izinambuzane, imbewu kanye izinsalela zokudla womuntu.

Nambithani okuthandwa zinyoni ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Gull uphuze amanzi usawoti, gqwa ke ngokusebenzisa idlala.

Enobuthi inyoni flycatcher futhi ngenxa izici ukudla okunjalo. Isebenzisa mabhungane. Isihlungu sabo esikhunjeni nezimpaphe. Nakuba flytrap has a amasosha omzimba esitebeleni esenzweni yayo. Umuntu angathola i-bashe ngokuthinta ke. Kodwa izilwane ezincane kakhulu ziyafa eziyingozi ubuthi flycatcher.

Izinyoni ezihlala endle, idliwe izithelo okumnandi, ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo amancane ngisho ingcuba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, banayo wonke amathuluzi.

uqhwaku

Izinyoni akudingeki amazinyo. Kodwa babhekana nuts kanzima, futhi imbewu encane kalula. Ngempela, ekuqaleni umsebenzi amazinyo kuyinto Uqhwaku. Ngosizo inyoni ochotshoziwe, ukusiqeda noma aphule ukudla. Uqhwaku hornlike siqukethe impahla okuqinile uyakwazi withstanding isisindo sezingeni eliphezulu futhi ilayisha eside. Ngokwesibonelo, imithi engase yenziwe ngendlela lesiqophamithi amagxolo omuthi umgodi ojulile 10 cm ukudla izibungu izinambuzane.

Ukuma kanye nosayizi Uqhwaku kuxhomeke kulokho lezi zinyoni.

Ngokwesibonelo, abahlukumezi babe ezinkulu uqhwaku lwalugobile, ngawo kalula ungakwazi ngiyothatha futhi rip isisulu. Peregrine eyohlasela ngisho izimpungushe ezinkulu nezimpisi. Ihlathi izinyoni ukuthi kukhishwe izinambuzane kusukela amagxolo omuthi njengomuntu ishizolo, ukwenza izimbobo kuwo.

Kuyasiza ukubutha ukudla kanye nolimi, ise ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. It has papillae ekhethekile Horny, ezisiza ukugcina ukudla emlonyeni.

Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene yezinyoni kuyaqhubeka pharynx, ngosizo okuyinto sesivele kancane kusetshenzwe uhamba ukudla ogudla umgwaqo omkhulu.

Emphinjeni nezitshalo

inyoni emphinjeni ine isakhiwo engavamile. Lena akuyona nje tube okuholela esiswini. It yakha isandiso othiwa goiter. Lapha kulapho ukudla imisiwe isikhathi esithile futhi afakwe imithi yokuwahlanza amathe. A Gull Ivuba adluliselwe ku isivuno of amaphuphu ukondla endaweni yokudla esidlekeni.

Kuyini ubisi senyoni

Igama le dessert esimnandi kuyinto ajwayelekile kubo bonke kusukela ebuntwaneni. It lethiwa zifana ikhemikhali uyakwazi ukukhulula kuphela izinyoni.

Ezinye izinyoni nezindlala ezikhethekile unciphise izakhi mass frothy kwakhiwa. Lo mkhiqizo eyigugu abawasebenzisela fledging.

ubisi Lenyoni akuhlangene ne ubisi izilwane. Akukhona uketshezi, kodwa iyafana e-cottage shizi. Kodwa futhi iqukethe eziningi izinto eziningi eziphilayo futhi amavithamini ukuthi anganikeza umzimba nazo zonke osanda kuzalwa kunesidingo.

Penguins ubisi lenyoni akhiqizwa isisu hhayi emphinjeni, ligcwele kakhulu amafutha. Le into ibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa amaphuphu ezinzima enyakatho. Futhi penguins omdala ukusebenzisa amafutha emzimbeni is hhayi kuphela zikhulisa umzimba, kodwa futhi njengendlela kudla namandla. Vysizhivaya amaphuphu kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, abesilisa musa ukushiya esikhundleni ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Kuleli zinga, azilona neze ukwazi ukuthola ukudla kanye nokugcina ubungqabavu ngenxa amasheya ongama.

Izici isakhiwo esiswini zezinyoni

Isisu izinyoni futhi inezici isici. It liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili.

Isisu ibizwa ngokuthi yezindlala kanye kwemisipha. Eyokuqala kusetshenzwe ukudla esiswini juice, isb lapha uyaqhubeka yayo ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali. Kwemisipha ebusweni khadi embozwe ifilimu izidakamizwa keratinous. Ngalo, ukudla kuyo ingumhlabathi esimweni slurry-like.

Ngiqinisekile eziningi ziye zakubona njengoba izinyoni Peck amatshana amancane. Bakwenza lokhu hhayi ngoba awazi ukunambitheka kwabo. Uma emathunjini, kwemisipha, amatshe neqhaza kokuququda mechanical roughage. Ngakho, offset ukungabi kwamazinyo izinyoni.

amathumbu

Okwenziwe ukudla kusukela esiswini ingena emathunjini amancane, lapho Amapayipi evulekile pancreas. Kule ngxenye isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene ukudla kugaywe ngokuphelele futhi angena egazini.

Ngaphandle emathunjini kuvula cloaca. Kuyinto imbobo lapho okukhiphayo ngaphandle undigested imikhiqizo ukudla ukusebenza ngokobulili futhi izinhlelo excretory.

emathunjini isakhiwo sici ubude balo encane. It kuncike uhlobo ukudla. Ngokwesibonelo, izinyoni ukuthi uthanda ukudla imifino, amathumbu lungaphezu umzimba izikhathi 8. Futhi abameleli izinyoni insectivorous - 4 kuphela.

By endleleni, le elinganeliseki kakhulu kubhekwa inyoni - iqhawe osayizi kulencane. Wena ukuyichaza? Nokho, Yiqiniso, hummingbird. Ngosuku ahlanganisa ngalo iminyaka uyakwati kusebentisa impova, enesisindo ngezikhathi 2 isisindo ayo.

A Wren usuku olulodwa ukuletha amaphuphu ukuba amacimbi 500 nezinambuzane. Yilokho khulise!

Futhi amanqe - abawinile ezidalweni abahahayo kakhulu futhi anganeliseki. Nge semali ukudla abakudlayo amaningi, ukuze akunakwenzeka ukuba akhumule. Inkinga amanqe isixazululekile ngendlela yemvelo: ulinde kunobukhulu bendawo liyancipha umzimba.

Izinkukhu ekugayeni ukudla ngokushesha, ngokushesha lokuchitha wamathumbu. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba wabo kanye ukunikeza umzimba lemali edingekayo amandla. Jwayelekile undlunkulu isibungu ukwazi ukugaya imizuzu engu-15, kanye nokusanhlamvu kunokuba - 3 ngehora. Yingakho iningi izinyoni ukuphila kwakhe ukuchitha ziyofuna ukudla.

indlala wokugaya ukudla

Salivary, amanyikwe kanye isibindi - lapha uhlu of nezindlala wokugaya ukudla, okuyizinto izinyoni. Bona secrete izinto eziphila abakhuthele - enzyme. Bona kunonophisa luhlelo ukugaya, yehlukanise carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ukuba monosaccharides, amaphrotheni ukuba amino acid, lipids ukuba glycerol futhi fatty acid. Kuleli fomu le udaba eziphilayo kungenziwa kufakwe nge umzimba.

inqubo izinyoni Ikakhulukazi wokugaya ukudla

I Sakhiwo sangekhatsi izinyoni (ithebula okusesihlokweni esithi) lisikisela ukuthi zonke izici inhlangano yabo yokwakheka okuhloswe ngaso lithathelwe indiza. Lokhu kusebenza futhi wokugaya ukudla uhlelo izitho.

Esikhundleni izihlathi kanye izindebe izinyoni abe umlomo wenyoni, okuyinto ukulawula bamba kanye nokugcinwa ukudla. I ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo kuyinto ulwanga kanzima. Ihlanganisa mucosa, enikezwe papillae ekhethekile Isigaxa emise. Ngosizo lwabo, ukudla ihamba emphinjeni. Lokho ukudla ongawi ngalo ingaphakathi acinene, LasePalatine umqhewu ukwenza imisipha nebnochelyustnye kakade.

Isisu, ekwenzeni imisebenzi ehlukene, ukukhuthaza ukucutshungulwa kakhulu ukudla. Ithumbu yakhiwa ezimbili - ezincane nezinkulu.

uhlelo Bird esingavamile sokugaya ukudla inikeza zonke izinqubo zokuphila wezinyoni. Isici yokulandelana kwayo ngokohlu obuslovlovlivayut ikhono lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo ukundiza.