Izici eziyinhloko emhlabeni njengoba nendikimba ethile esemkhathini

Land - iyona enkulu kunazo zonke amaplanethi eliwumhlaba. Kuyinto endaweni yesithathu eLangeni ibanga futhi satellite - the Moon. Earth planethi yethu okuwukuphela kwayo ukuthi kuhlale izidalwa eziphilayo. impucuko Human kuyisici esibalulekile ukuthi kunomthelela oqonde ngqo phezu ebusweni bomhlaba. Yiziphi ezinye izici eziyizici umhlaba wethu?

Ukuma nesisindo, indawo

Umhlaba umzimba giant cosmic, isisindo salo sikhulu mayelana 6 amathani septillionov. Ngesimo kufana amazambane noma ipheya. Yingakho abacwaningi ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-ifomu has iplanethi yethu, "potatoid" (kusukela amazambane English -. Amazambane). Libuye izici ezibalulekile Zomhlaba njengoba nendikimba ethile esemkhathini, echaza isikhundla salo ngekwendzawo. Iplanethi yethu itholakala amakhilomitha 149.600.000 ukusuka elangeni. Ukuze uqhathanise, Mercury lisondele izikhathi 2.5 kuya inkanyiso kuka-Earth. Kodwa Pluto kuyizikhathi 40 phambidlana eLangeni kuka Mercury.

Omakhelwane kuyiplanethi yethu

Incazelo emfushane uMhlaba njengemvula nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kufanele siphathe ulwazi satellite yayo - the Moon. Isisindo sayo e 81,3 esingaphansi eMhlabeni izikhathi. Umhlaba uzungeza kuma-axis awo, okuyinto ibekwe-engela 66,5 degrees mayelana indiza esemkhathini. Omunye imiphumela eyinhloko Ukujikeleza eMhlabeni emhlabeni axis awo kanye motion yayo esemkhathini - ushintsho imini nobusuku nezinkathi.

Iplanethi yethu kuyingxenye iqembu okuthiwa amaplanethi eliwumhlaba. Lesi sigaba futhi kufakwe Venus, Mars kanye Mercury. Sizihlobo giant amaplanethi - Jupiter, Neptune, Saturn, futhi Uranus - cishe ngokuphelele sakhiwa amagesi (hydrogen ne-helium). Zonke amaplanethi okungokwendlela isigaba umhlaba lizungeza axis awo, kanye umgudu okweqanda uzungeza ilanga. eyodwa kuphela Pluto kuphela ngenxa izici zayo akufakwanga ososayensi kunanoma iyiphi enye.

uqweqwe

Omunye izici eziyinhloko zomhlaba njengoba nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kuba phambi koqweqwe okuyinto, njengesikhumba mncane, ihlanganisa bonke ubuso emhlabeni. Siqukethe isihlabathi, ubumba kanye namaminerali ahlukahlukene, amatshe. I ukujiya isilinganiso koqweqwe lomhlaba sika 30 km, kodwa kwezinye izindawo, ukubaluleka kwalo 40-70 km. Osomkhathi bathi ungqimba lomhlaba - hhayi umbukwane ejabulisa kakhulu ngendawo yonke. Kwezinye izindawo vzdyblena emikhulu, kwabanye, kunalokho, uwela phansi imigodi giant.

izilwandle

Ngokwengxenye nobuntu umzimba Umhlaba yasezulwini kumele zifake phakathi ukuphathwa kwezilwandle. Zonke imigodi zigcwele amanzi emhlabeni, onikeza yokukhosela emakhulwini ezitholakala emhlabeni. Nokho, izitshalo eziningi futhi izilwane zingatholakala ezweni. Uma ubeka zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ezihlala emanzini, kwesinye esikalini, nalabo abahlala ezweni - ngakolunye, kuyoba nzima isitsha nge sushi izakhamuzi. Isisindo sayo kuyoba ngo-2000 kanye futhi. Lokhu akumangazi kakhulu, ngoba indawo ocean ingaphezu 361 kwezigidi ezingu square metres. angu noma u-71% surface eMhlabeni. Ulwandle isici esasenza iplanethi yethu, kanye khona oksijini emkhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni% 2.5 kuphela, mass ukuphumula has a usawoti engaba ngu-35 ppm.

I-nucleus futhi isiphuku

kwebalingisi eMhlabeni njengoba nendikimba ethile esemkhathini ngeke ibe ephelele ngaphandle kwachazwa sakhiwo layo langaphakathi. core kwamaplanethi siqukethe ingxube hot of izinsimbi ezimbili - nickel, nensimbi. Lizungezwe mass esishisayo futhi okunamathelayo, okuyinto efana nobumba. It silicates - izinto zifana ukubunjwa esantini. lokushisa wabo degrees latinkhulungwane letinyentana. Lokhu mass viscous ibizwa ngokuthi isiphuku. lokushisa yayo akufani yonke indawo. Eduze ungqimba lomhlaba kuyinto azungeze 1000 degrees futhi lisondela core luyanda 5000 degrees. Nokho, ngisho ezindaweni ukuvala ungqimba lomhlaba, isiphuku kungaba uyabanda noma ushise. Ezindaweni ezishisayo abizwa ngokuthi magma emakamelweni. Magma burns ngokusebenzisa ebusweni ungqimba lomhlaba, futhi lezi zindawo akhiwa izintabamlilo lava izigodi, iziphethu.

Umkhathi womhlaba

Esinye isici uMhlaba njengemvula nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kuba phambi emkhathini. Uhlonze lwalo imayelana 100 kuphela km. Air - ingxube gas. It siqukethe izingxenye ezine - nitrogen, argon, umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide. Nezinye izinto abakhona emoyeni izinto eziningi ezincane. Iningi emoyeni elisendaweni ungqimba umoya, okuyinto esiseduzane surface eMhlabeni. Le ngxenye ibizwa ngokuthi i-iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva. Uhlonze lwalo imayelana 10 km, kanye isisindo ifinyelela 5000 isigidintathu amathani.

Nakuba endulo abantu engaqiniseki ngokuthi iplanethi enguMhlaba njengoba nendikimba ethile esemkhathini, ngisho nangaleso sikhathi yayibizwa kucatshangwa ukuthi likhuluma ngokuqondile isigaba kwamaplanethi. kanjani okhokho bethu ukwenza isiphetho esinjalo? Iqiniso ukuthi wasebenzisa esibhakabhakeni ebusuku esikhundleni amawashi kanye amakhalenda. Ngisho ke kwaba sobala ukuthi izibani ezahlukene esibhakabhakeni lihamba ngendlela yabo. Omunye cishe alinyakazi (babizwa ngokuthi izinkanyezi), futhi abanye babevame ukucela ukushintsha isikhundla zawo ezilinganiselwe ezinkanyezini. Yingakho lezi zasemkhathini sabizwa ngokuthi amaplanethi (kusukela lesiGreki "iplanethi" kusho "ezidukayo").