Ukuhlolwa kwe-toxoplasmosis: amazinga ukusebenza. toxoplasmosis yingozi abakhulelwe

Toxoplasmosis iyisifo isitha kufihlwe ukuthi uyakwazi ukwenza umonakalo owesifazane okhulelwe bese lowo sombungu. Kubantu, toxoplasmosis kubonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile, sitholakele isifo eyenziwe izindlela laboratory. Ngoba lwegciwane kuyinto ngempela amelana imiphumela kwemvelo, mhlawumbe ukungcoliswa okwandile. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa izifo ezifana toxoplasmosis, izinkomba amazinga, izimpawu nezindlela yokuphatha kulo.

Imininingwane

Ngaphansi usongo yokungenwa yilesi sifo kwasekuqaleni Bangamadodana wezolimo abasebenzi, abazingeli, izakhamuzi, balimi and Izazi, kanye nabo bonke abahlanganyela ikati ekhaya.

izizathu

Toxoplasmosis, izinkomba imithetho zazo zichaziwe ngezansi, kubangele lenyama ezingosomathuba (Toxoplasma), ukuthi axazulule amangqamuzana omuntu. Kulokhu, pathogen kungathelela kabi noma isiphi isitho futhi ukungena noma iyiphi iseli, ngaphandle kokuba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Imbangela enkulu yalesi sifo - isifo lenyama.

Toxoplasmosis: uwuchaza kanjani?

Kubantu, ezimweni eziningi, toxoplasmosis kuyinto ngomoya omnene futhi cishe ezingabonakali. Nokho, kungase kube nezimpawu ezifana ubuthakathaka jikelele, ukukhathala, ongaphakeme-ebangeni imfiva, ukukhuphuka omncane wesibeletho occipital lymph node, ikhanda.

Isimo ngenhla waphawula esimweni the classic komkhuhlane. Kaningi abantu azinalo nhlobo izifo yini ukugula ezifana toxoplasmosis. Norm lesi sifo ivumela ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Ngo ezifweni ezimbi isiguli ubuhlungu bamalunga futhi imisipha, ukuqubuka zinamabala nomkhuhlane. kuyingozi kakhulu kuba ukunqotshwa isimiso sezinzwa (ukuthuthukiswa meningoencephalitis). Ikati esolwa toxoplasmosis kungenzeka kuphela ezimweni lapho uzigcinile amakhala yisisu, amehlo abomvu, isifo sohudo kanye evuvukele zamanzi. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi e amakati, futhi abantu inqubo isifo ayinakho izimpawu ezisobala.

sokukhulelwa

Kuyo bathi toxoplasmosis kuyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Yingakho izincomo mayelana nendlela aphonse isilwane ozithandayo, kanye imizwa mayelana nanoma yisiphi ekuqaleni ikati. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ingane ekhulayo esibelethweni ingozi esithile igciwane eyinhloko umama esizayo. Ngakho, uma uke waba waphathwa toxoplasmosis, i-fetus akufanele abe nomthelela ongemuhle.

Ukutheleleka umbungu ezifweni ezifana toxoplasmosis (kuyinsakavukela izinkomba ezibalwe ngezansi) futhi kukhona ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo kanye ukuvuselelwa kwe-lwegciwane emzimbeni kwabesifazane seropositive.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi phakathi ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingozi embungwini 100%. Ngesikhathi senyanga yokuqala, kuba uhla 15-20%, wesibili - 30%, eyesithathu - 60%. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ingozi kwandisa ne isikhathi yokukhulelwa, kunciphe kobukhulu ukubonakaliswa emtholampilo. Ngamanye amazwi, uma owesifazane etheleleka ngesikhathi senyanga toxoplasmosis kuqala, bese ingane ezimweni eziningi ukuthuthukisa kombungu aluhambisani nawo ekuphileni. Uma ukutheleleka livelile ekupheleni sokukhulelwa, kuba izimpawu evelele ingase ibe engekho.

Ngemva ukuxhumana lwegciwane emzimbeni kamama amasonto 24, odokotela belulekwa sokuqeda ukukhulelwa. Lapho ukwesulwa isisu bayohlala ukunikela ukwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele sinake ukuthi kukhiqizwa amasosha omzimba enamandla ekuguleni, ngakho uma uqala kabusha ukuhlangana amagciwane ngeke yingozi.

ukudluliswa endleleni

In izifo ezifana toxoplasmosis izinga kunqunywa izindlela laboratory. Imizila elandelayo ukudluliswa:

1. Imininingwane - elihlobene ne amakati ogulayo, okuyinto excreted ku indle ka Toxoplasma.
2. Ukudla - elihlobene ne-ukusetshenziswa of inyama kahle kusetshenzwe equkethe izinhlumba we amagciwane.
3. Parenteral - kulokhu akusho ukubeka eceleni ukudluliswa ukuthelelana ukufakelwa kwezicubu, kwezitho igazi.
4. Transplacental - Ukungena ukutheleleka ku-fetus kanye nokuthuthukiswa okwalandela toxoplasmosis ezisanda kuzalwa.

Owesifazane okhulelwe onesifo nenani elikhulu toxoplasmosis noma izisebenzi zezokwelapha, noma kwabanye akuyona ingozi epidemiological. Lokhu kuvumela isiguli ukuba ziphathwe esibhedlela ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo futhi esigulini esingalalisiwe esibhedlela.

pathogenesis

Amagciwane ukuthi badedelwa izinhlumba futhi oocysts, zingene amaseli EPITHELIAL emathunjini amancane, lapho ukubuyabuyelela, kanjalo zakha isimiso esiyinhloko nomthelela. Ngemva kwalokho, izimuncagazi zingene lesifunda lymph node bese nge ukugeleza lymph - egazini.

ukusabalala

Migration ejenti kungadala kwezicubu ahlukahlukene eziyishumi nemitshingo. Ngokuya amasosha omzimba kwehle, kanye ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngaphandle ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo, ke uyingozi futhi ukuvuselelwa kwe-amagciwane, okuyinto inquma Yiqiniso futhi umphumela ukukhulelwa okwalandela.

Lapho owayephuma izinhlumba kwenzeka lwegciwane ukusabalala. Ngo kwezicubu, emakamu yayo lihlotshaniswa ikhono ukungena transplatsentarno engabangela kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhulelwa ukuthuthukiswa zokugula intrauterine.

Toxoplasmosis: Ihlahlubo

I lwegciwane kungaba azimisele emzimbeni kuphela khona masosha omzimba egazini. Lesi sifo ihlukile nganoma iyiphi indlela ngeke ibonakale njengoba Toxoplasma esakhiwe ngaphakathi kwamanye amangqamuzana. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni of toxoplasmosis kwenzeka cishe asymptomatic. Lenyama, isib, kungatholakala emaphuzwini imisipha, ingqondo, ubende, isibindi kanye lymph.

Ngakho, ukuthatha indaba for analysis kungenzeka kuphela surgically. Lapho enza a wokubhoboza lumbar nge meningoencephalitis, cerebrospinal fluid compulsorily i-Toxoplasma.

ukwelashwa

Ngenxa yokuthi esikhathini bayashintshana ekufukameleni of toxoplasmosis kwenzeka iningi amacala kukhona asymptomatic kusaqalwa kunzima ukuthola. Ngakho-ke, ukwelapha lesi sifo isikhathi eside - 2 izifundo nge ukulungiswa mzimba (impoqo). Inkambo zokuqala ezingu-10, ngemva kokwenza lo ikhefu efanayo, futhi ukwelashwa iyaphindwa (ezingu-21 - ezimweni ezinzima).

Kakhulu ukuqhutshwa onzima toxoplasmosis ocular. Sifo kulokhu kufanele kube ngokuyikho ngoba lesi sifo kudidaniswe sofuba. Ukwelashwa wenziwa khona ngaphansi kokuqondisa esiqinile we-TB. Lapho izilonda ubuchopho kanye nezinhlaka toxoplasmosis iphathwa umile kuphela. Isibhedlela kuyomelwe babe okungenani inyanga. Ngemva ukwelashwa kudinga ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuhlolwa laboratory.

kuyinsakavukela

Ukuba khona masosha omzimba egazini ohlobo Igm esimweni evamile siqedwa ngokuphelele. Uma ukuhlaziywa ezabonakala, sikhuluma ukutheleleka ngegciwane ezifana toxoplasmosis. lgG amasosha omzimba atholakala igazi zibonisa ukuthi umzimba wake usindwa ukutheleleka, isikhathi Uhlaka lungase sinwebiswe iminyaka engu-10.

Inketho engcono, uma ingekho zalezi zinhlobo amasosha omzimba ngeke sibe khona egazini. Kuphela ongakwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka kuleli cala ukuthi umzimba balithole ukutheleleka, futhi ngesikhathi esithile, ubuye wakhe engekho. Nokho, lokhu kusho ukuthi owesifazane enezinwele nhlobo amasosha omzimba ngokwemvelo kulesi sifo, okwakuyoholela ukukusiza ukugwema ukutheleleka. Sizobe kufanele bazikhandle ukuba yigciwane ngesifo ezinjalo. Uma toxoplasmosis lgG watholakala, futhi Igm engekho, lona wesifazane kanye ebhekene ngegciwane, kodwa okwamanje awusebenzi ukusongela wakhe. Futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela isivele saveza, ngakho kungenzeka kabusha ukutheleleka incane.

Ngokwezibalo, lesi simo yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi. Ngakho, lapho isifo okuthiwa toxoplasmosis izinga - iyona khona kanye ukungabikho IgG Igm.

Uma igazi Igm amasosha omzimba zitholiwe futhi IgG uhlobo engekho ngokuphelele, khona-ke sikhuluma igciwane yamuva ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinhlelo ezibanzi amasosha omzimba. Kuyinto usongo umntwana nonina.

Uma bobabili Kwatholakala amasosha omzimba, ke sibonisa ukuthi kukhona isifo emzimbeni isikhathi eside. Ekupheleni amasonto 2-3 kabusha cela uchwepheshe ukunikeza igazi toxoplasmosis.

ihlaziya

Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ngentshiseko wabe, kanye ukuvimbela ingozi ukuze umntwana ongakazalwa, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukutheleleka. Kungcono ukuthola izinga toxoplasmosis noma ukuhlela sokukhulelwa, noma zisaqala. Ungesabi ekwelapheni lesi zokugula - uma siphendukela ochwepheshe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, kuziwa nge ingozi okuncane ingane.

Ngo isifo esinjengo toxoplasmosis, ibala igazi okuyisidingo, kusukela amagciwane atholakala kwezitho zangaphakathi. Kuhlatiya lemali lwamasosha omzimba oluvame okuyinto kuveza emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzimisele esingakanani ukutheleleka isifakiwe emzimbeni, kanye yingozi kumuntu ngokwakhe toxoplasmosis. Laboratory imingcele akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunquma swe kahle lesi sifo, ngakho-amasonto 2-3 sabelwe yesibili yesivivinyo.

Ngezinye izikhathi toxoplasmosis ke Kungahlonzwa ngomshini igazi polymerase chain reaction (i-PCR). Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi le ndlela ubhekwa olungalungile, njengoba ehluleka ukuhlonza isikhathi lapho kwenzeka lesi sifo kwabanye.

Uma umuntu wesifazane okhulelwe iye yaqinisekisa ukutheleleka kufanele ibhekane ukuhlaziywa afanayo umntwana. Ezimweni eziningi, amniocentesis (amniotic fluid Assay) ngalezi zinhloso. Ukukhomba, hhayi ubende lakhulisiwe nobe isibindi, kungakhathaliseki isimo intracranial calcification nobuchopho ventricles evamile, kungaba kwenziwe ultrasound.

Ubungozi Ukukhulelwa

Iningi labesifazane musa ngisho ngiqaphele ukuthi angaba udlulise isifo. Njengoba lesi sifo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ifomu esicashile, ke kuqinisekisa kumiswa amasosha omzimba emzimbeni. Uma aphathe laba besifazane, khona-ke Usenhlanhleni - uma itheleleke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-fetus ngeke iyiphi ingozi.

Uma unalo igciwane okokuqala, ingane ingase iphazamiseke, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi senyanga yesithathu. Noma kunjalo, kungcono hhayi ukushintsha indlela yabo yokuphila, ukuxosha isilwane, give up inyama ukusetshenziswa. Zama uphila impilo egcwele, kodwa nomkhawulo ukuthintana nezilwane, kanye ukubukela degree of ukulungela inyama. Uma isimo sempilo ngeke zibe zimbi nakakhulu, uthintane onguchwepheshe, kodwa bazokwazi ukuhlonza izinkomba toxoplasmosis ezingamahlalakhona.

Kukhona izindlela ezithile zokuqapha ukuvimbela lokhu ukutheleleka. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngokuningiliziwe.

zokuvimbela

Okungenzeka non-ethize nokuvimbela ukutheleleka. Zama ukuqeda nge-imikhiqizo, bagcine imithetho kwenhlanzeko, geza izandla njalo, kothenga inyama yenkomo ezitolo kungase kutholakale, imifino iphathwe ngokucophelela futhi izithelo. Uma kukhona ikati, kufanele usebenzise fillers ekhethekile futhi ugeze njalo ugqoko.

Abesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa, ngisho nangaphambi nje ebamba isisu kumele zihlolelwe toxoplasmosis. Indlela ukunquma uma isifo kushiwo ngenhla. Uma umphumela alivumi, ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, umama okhulelwe kubaluleke kakhulu njalo ezinyangeni 3 ekuhlolweni.

Uma ekhaya has ezifuywayo, kufanele futhi ubenzele ahlolwe kahle emzimbeni. Kunconywa ukuba afeze magciwane njalo cat udoti. Uma isilwane iyagula, Nokho edabukisayo kungase, kuyodingeka ayibulale. Ukugcina ikati yakhe ethandekayo, ungamenzi ngedwa emgwaqweni, ungavumeli inyama eluhlaza, ungavumeli ukuzingelwa izinyoni futhi amagundane. It is ibuye Kunconywa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe akuyona nabo ezifuywayo zabanye abantu, abantu abangabazi futhi kuwukuziphulula amakati ehlangeni.

Zonke lezi zinyathelo kuyosisiza ngezinga elithile ukuvimbela isifo. Ezimweni eziningi, impilo yethu ixhomeke kithi.