Iyini isikhathi? Incazelo yesikhathi

Njengokwakhiwa kwemisindo yezinsuku, ngokuqinisekile abantu abaningi bayazi. Yebo, kuyindlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Kodwa yilokho akwenzayo, kepha yiziphi izinto okufanele abe nazo, hhayi wonke umuntu ozokusho. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu uma ama-valve amaningi afakwa kule moto. Isibonelo, izimali eziningi zesabelomali zinezinjini ezingu-8-valve. Kulula ukusebenza, amandla amancane, futhi ukulungiswa kulula. Ikakhulukazi i- belting replacement replacement, ngoba eyodwa camshaft inikezwa ohlelweni. Amamaki angaphansi - amathuba aphezulu wokufakwa okuqondile.

I-Camshaft ku-camshaft

Ngakho, qala nge-node ebaluleke kakhulu. Yiqiniso, izinga lokubaluleka kokuhlukana kwabo liyisimiso nje, ngoba ngisho ne-bolt encane kunazo zonke noma indima idlala indima ebalulekile. Kodwa okwamanje i-camshaft iyisisekelo, ngaphandle kwayo indlela yokuhambisa igesi ye injini ayikwazi ukusebenza. Ngesizo salo, ama-valve ashintshiwe, avule futhi avaliwe ngesikhathi esifanele ukuvumela ingxube ye-fuel-air ukungena ekamelweni lokushisa, noma ukukhipha amagesi okukhipha kuwo.

Indima yama-valve

Kukhulunywe mayelana nama-valve, kodwa ngaphandle kwabo, uhlelo ngeke lukwazi ukusebenza. Zifakwe esihlokweni se-cylinder . Ekhanda le-cylinder kukhona ama-pastel lapho amapulangwe e-pistons ephumayo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukuzethemba kwezindiza kunzima kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuphela kule nkinga kunganikeza amandla enjini eliphezulu. Ukumisa isikhathi kubonisa ukuthi i-camshaft kufanele isethwe. Ngalesi sizathu, kusetshenziswa indlela yokubhinca eyenza i-camshaft ithole ipulley. I-roller ekhethekile isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukukhishwa kwebhande.

Iyiphi indima ama-valve adlala ngayo esimweni sesikhathi

Manje kudingeka sikhulume ngemisebenzi ye-valve. Ukuze bazise umsebenzi wabo, kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi injini izosebenza kanjani uma engekho. Isibonelo, ungathatha izinjini ezimbili, ezisetshenzisiwe namuhla ezithuthuthu, izinkinobho, ezinye izithuthuthu nezithuthuthu. Okokuqala, izinga lomsindo emotweni liphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igumbi lokushisa alihlukanisiwe nesistimu yokukhipha. Okwesibili, amandla enjini aphansi kakhulu, ngoba igumbi lokufudumala lingasindiwe kancane.

Kungabuye kuqaphele ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-gas-distributing mechanism ye-injini ezine-cylinder kuyinto isibambiso samandla aphezulu ne-torque. Futhi ukwakha injini emibili-cylinder injini kunzima kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka. Futhi ingabe kukhona umqondo uma kungenakwenzeka ukukhipha isibalo esiphezulu kuso? Futhi, khumbula ukuthi izinjini ezimbili eziphazamiseka zidinga ukuba ioli ifakwe emotweni. Uzoba esiteshini segesi ukuze ulinganise njalo uphinde uphakamise amafutha enjini? Kungenzeka ukuthi akunjalo.

Kwenzekani uma amalebula ehambisa?

Futhi manje kufaka iphutha, ngoba kufanele ucabange inqubo enzima eyenzekayo lapho amalebula ashintshiwe. Uma i gear yokugcina ifakwe futhi ihlelwe ngendlela efanele, ucabangela wonke amamaki, injini izosebenza ngokuphelele. Kodwa yini eyokwenzeka uma ngokungazelelwe ibhande lishaye ngamazinyo amaningana? Yebo, lokhu kwenzeka kaningi, ngisho nebhande elikhonjiwe liyakwazi ukugoqa phezu kwe-pulley uma lidonswa kancane.

Futhi lokhu okulandelayo kuzokwenzeka ngokoqobo: ukunyakaza kwamapistoni ema-cylinders futhi ama-valve azokwenzeka njenge-asynchronously. Ukumisa isikhathi kuveza ukuthi ukudliwa nokukhululwa kufanele kwenzeke ngesikhathi esifanele, kuye ngokuthi isikhundla se-pistons. Ngenxa yalokho, ukushaya isisu kuzoqala ekuqaleni noma kamuva, okufanayo nokukhululwa. I-fuel-air ingxube ngeke ifike ngesikhathi, ukushisa kwayo okungcono kuyokwenzeka endaweni ephakathi kwe-piston ku-cylinder. Ngamanye amazwi, i-chaos iqala injini. Futhi konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isibhande esithile sagxuma emazinyo amaningana.

Kuyoba yini ukuphela kwebhande lesikhathi?

Kodwa uma kube nekhefu esikhwameni sokugcina, akuzona zonke injini ezingasinda kulo mcimbi. Ezinjini eziningi, lesi senzakalo sihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamagagasi, okuyinto egijima ngokuqondile kumapistoni, njengokungathi ngosuku. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlangana okuthandana okunjalo kuphelela ngokuthi i-valve ihlaba nge-piston. Ukuklama kwendlela yokuhambisa igesi kusho ukuthi akukho ukulungiswa okukhulu okudingekayo. Yebo, uma ungalimazi isilinda se-cylinder.

Ukuphela okubuhlungu kakhulu ukubonakala kwemifantu ebhokisini. Kuzoba lula uma ukuqhuma kuhamba ngekhanda le-cylinder. Ngeshwa, uma imoto ihlelwe ukudayiswa, abanye abanikazi be-argon bayaphula futhi baphuthukise le monakalo. Kodwa lokhu akuyona indlela yokuphuma, kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni senhloko ye-cylinder, noma ngabe isetshenzisiwe, kodwa hhayi ukukhubazeka nokungonakaliswa. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukushintshwa kwe-gasket nakho kuyadingeka. Ngokuvamile, lesi sici sihlale sibeka entsha, nokususwa kwekhanda le-cylinder ngayinye.

Ungabeka kanjani amamaki ku-8-valve motor?

Ake sicabange ukuthi wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela usuwenziwe. Ibhande le-generator lisusiwe futhi lihlolwe ngomonakalo, uhlangothi lwesokudla luphakanyisiwe futhi isondo lisusiwe, ibhuloho le-pulley le-crankshaft liyasuswa. Ngamanye amazwi, ukufinyelela ebhande lesikhathi kuvulekile ngokugcwele. Manje into esemqoka ukwenza konke ngokufanele.

Okokuqala, susa i-roller usebenzisa isihluthulelo ku-17, ngakho ungalahlekelwa yi-washer engaphansi kwayo. Ngosizo lwaso, isikhundla esiphathelene nebhande siyashintshwa. Manje usususa ibhande elidala, wabeka ividiyo entsha. Ngemuva kwalokhu, mane nje ufake i-belt entsha uma ama-pulleys engathinti.

Kodwa uma konke kwenziwa ngokusho "kwencwadi", kuzomele udinga kabili-hlola ukuthi amathegi afana yini, ngakho-ke udinga ukwazi ngokujwayelekile indlela yokuhambisa igesi ye-VAZ. Kudingekile ukuba uqondiswe emamaki amabili - ku-camshaft nakwe-flyingwheel. Owokuqala ufakwe ngokuphambene neplate, elitholakala ekhanda le-cylinder ukusuka ohlangothini lwe-windshield. Owesibili ungabona ngemuva kokuthi ususe ipulagi le-rubber kusuka kwindlu ye-clutch. Emkhathini onqabileko kukhona uphawu, kufanele lufakwe ngokucacile phakathi kwesigcawu sepuleti, esihlanganiswe ne-engine block. I-crankshaft ibhalwa ngesibhakela ngo-19. Besebenzisa i-bolt e-pulley ye-shaft encane.

Umsebenzi uba nzima kakhulu: ukusetha imoto eyi-valve engu-16

Amagama amakhulu kakhulu, kodwa-ke, kodwa abanye abashayeli bamathuluzi bathatha amakhanda abo uma kuziwa kuma-valve angu-16. Qinisekisa lokhu kuziphatha ngokuthi kukhona amashifu amaningi namalebula enzima kakhulu ukusetha. Ukubheka ukuziphatha kwabantu abanjalo, bayakwazi futhi ukulahleka endaweni ephakathi kwezihlahla ezintathu zepine futhi bafune ukuhamba nomgwaqo. Akukho lutho olungenakwenzeka, ikakhulu uma kuziwa emotweni. Usuvele uqonde ukuthi ukukhipha ukukhipha isikhathi somsindo, uhlolisise imisebenzi yakhe eyinhloko nezakhi. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi kulo.

Into kuphela okudingayo ukufaka ibhande lesikhathi kunjini ye-valve engu-16 ukulungisa isimo esihambelanayo se-camshafts. Ngalesi sizathu, kuqala udinga ukusetha ngamunye kumalebula alo, emva kwalokho, uzama ukungadluli nge-millimeter, phakathi kwabo ukulungisa ipuleti. Kuzosiza ukuqeda ukuguqula ngengozi kwe-shafts. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunzima kakhulu ukupheqa i-camshaft - imizamo emikhulu iyadingeka ukuze unqobe ukumelana kweziphethu. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso esinjalo sineluleka kuphela. Lapho kubaluleke khona ukulungisa i-crankshaft. Yilokho konke, manje kusele ukufaka esikhundleni kokubili ama-rollers bese ufaka ibhande elisha. Ngemva kokuhlanganisa le unit, imoto ilungele ukusebenza.