Iver yesonto Red Square e Moscow. Moscow ezikhangayo

Red Square e Moscow - uhlobo "ikhilomitha zero", indawo ebaluleke kakhulu abaseRussia. Ukuze nikwazi ukulidlulisela, kudingeka kudlule Uvuko Gate, okwenza nsuku zonke ezimbalwa million abantu. Kodwa akuwona wonke wazi ukuthi ngaphandle nje ingenye yezindawo ohlonishwayo kakhulu Orthodox eMoscow. It - Iver yesonto Red Square. Muscovites abaningi bakubheka njengodumo noma esakhiweni esithile esincane, is aqhwakele seSangweni Vuko remakes. Kodwa lokhu akulona icala. Kwakuthinta kuphela abuyiselwe endaweni yokuqala ukuba esikhundleni ubudala, libhujiswa amaBolshevik. Iver isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ngokuyisimangaliso eRussia. "Uzimele" kwakudingeka futhi efanelekile shrine ezinjalo. Lwaba indlwana. Kungani akasiye ngaphakathi lombhishobhi noma isonto? Lokhu uzokutshela athikili yethu. Umlando walo njengoba umama kaNkulunkulu, uzophinde kudalulwe. Sizokunikeza ikheli esiqondile isakhiwo, amahora encane nezinkonzo zasethempelini olwenziwa khona.

Iver yesonto Red Square: kanjani ukuba uthole

Thola lokhu Luhambo eMoscow futhi ingcwele kakhulu elula abantu Orthodox. Phela, Itholakala ku "izivakashi zero ikhilomitha". Okulandelayo - Red Square ne ezibiyele kanye wezindawo zezidumbu. Ukuze sifinyelele lapha kusuka cishe kunoma iphuzu eMoscow kungaba ku esitimeleni. Kukhona amagatsha amaningi ongaphansi komhlaba eMoscow. Kufanele uye "inombolo Okhotniy ka" iziteshi "Theatre" noma "Revolution Square." Inketho engcono - lokuqala. Kusukela "Okhotny Ryad" esiteshini babeka izimpawu yomgwaqo eqondene nabahamba ngezinyawo - ". Out of the Red Square" Ngokulandela kubo, uhlangana esinezinyathelo umgomo. Basuke isipikili ngesango eliphahlwe imibhoshongo ezimbili. Ngezansi kubo imele esakhiweni esithile esincane ophahleni olungaphakathi lwesakhiwo. Lona Iver Chapel ku Red Square. Ikheli at isakhiwo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: ukuhamba Uvuko Gate, Ukwakha 1a.

Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu we Iberia

Marina Tsvetaeva ngokuthi lesi sithombe ngokuyisimangaliso "inhliziyo Red eMoscow." Futhi wabonakala enhloko-dolobha, esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba yesonto lokuqala elalakhiwe. Iver isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu eMoscow kwakungeyona ngaso sonke isikhathi, yona yaliyisa waseGreece kusukela eNtabeni Athos. Lena akuyona yasekuqaleni. Lolu phawu the Virgin wahlala esigodlweni sezindela eNtabeni Athos. Kodwa i ithopholoji ngqo senziwe Russia - "ohlwini." Wayiswa white-itshe ngo-Okthoba 1648. isithonjana Okokuqala azithola St Nicholas Isigodlo, kodwa eminyakeni embalwa kamuva wayiswa Iversky sezindela. Waphelelwa ngamandla igama isithombe. Ngu oda Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich isithonjana abadwebi ayalwa ukuba wenze ikhophi esiqondile "uhlu". Wafakwa le lokunqoba lwaleli Neglinenskih esangweni. Ngabo, le tsars Russian anikele Red Square. Kamuva, ngo-1669, esangweni saqanjwa Vuko.

Umlando yesonto lokuqala

Ezinye isikhathi kusuka imvula neqhwa, umoya nokukhanya kwelanga, "uhlu" ivikelwe kuphela kombhede encane. Ngonyaka eyishumi nesithupha namashumi ayisishiyagalombili futhi kwanqunywa ukuba kwakhiwe indlwana encane yesithombe. Labo zazinjalo izinsuku lapho isithonjana babejabulela udumo kusiza izifo. Ngakho-ke, ubuso ngokuvamile zilethwe endlini noma abesifazane owayegula kakhulu kokubeletha. It zilethwe nothile lapho bevakashela iziguli wabapristi abaqaphi babengayiboni, ngokungabi bikho kwemifanekiso indawo yakhe yesonto entsha "uhlu". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti isakhiwo, okuyinto iyisonto ebusweni ngokuyisimangaliso, kwaba into yokukhulekela yabantu abangcwele. Abathengisi phambi isiphelo sesimiso kuthengiselana, besikole ngaphambi ukuhlolwa, lezihambi beza kuye ukuba 'bayobusiswa'. Kodwa akazange afike kulesi sakhiwo kube yilolu suku. Ekhulwini nesishiyagalombili le Iberia Chapel ku Red Square okungenani kabusha kabili. Ngo nekhulu, futhi waba ukhuni kuphela ngo-1791 - itshe.

Ifomu wanamuhla yesonto Iberia

Ngakho, ekupheleni kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili imakwe enkathini entsha. Isithonjana Iberia Umama ka Nkulunkulu yahlangana naye zonke edabula Gate Vuko. Abesilisa kufanele ususe izigqoko zabo amaKristu - ozofakwa isithombe. Iver yesonto Red Square abutholakali ebusuku. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kukhona isixuku sabantu. Kodwa wezakhiwo Russian Mathewu Kazakov banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo ukwenza Chapel likhulu kakhulu. Manje kunesithembiso okungenani amahlanu. Umakhi kuhlelwe isikwele Single isakhiwo uqimba elula, ebekiwe umqhele umkhatsi. Phakathi sikaNapoleon ayehlasela yesonto aphanga. Ukuze ukubuyisela Prince UNikolai Yusupov abamenyiwe umculi Italy Pietro Gonzaga. Yena ehlotshisiwe isakhiwo kusukela ngaphandle, oluneziqhingi Dome metal izinkanyezi, ibekwe uchonywe yesithombe esiveza eyayibhalwe ingelosi ngesiphambano, eklanyelwe Interiors. Futhi ngandlela-thile ngokufaka uqobo kwathi Chapel waba uphawu lokuhlala ngokunqoba abantu Russian ekulweni Napoleon.

Ukubhujiswa nokuvuka

Ngokushesha ngemva ekunqobeni Okthoba Revolution Iver yesonto wazibonela yobutha lohulumende lomusha inkolo. Entwasahlobo isakhiwo laphangwa Ngonyaka weshumi nesishiyagalombili. Khona-ke u-Nicholas Perervinsky wayesehlala, ukuze okwakubekelwa isibaluli Chapel yavalwa. Ngonyaka amagugu asele amabili wesibili ziye "expropriated ukuze kuzuze abalambile." Futhi kule minyaka eyisikhombisa yabhujiswa futhi yesonto. Ezinsukwini zokugcina kuyofika July amabili nesishiyagalolunye ngonyaka, ngaphansi ebusuku, isakhiwo esincane ladilizwa. Ingabe kule "uhlu" Wayengakaze ngaleyo ndlela elahlekile phakade. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva wayesekwazi anyamalele Uvuko Gate. Basolwa uvinjelwe ukudlula nezempi for umbukiso ku Red Square. Yonke eziyinkimbinkimbi yezakhiwo (isango futhi yesonto) ibuyiselwe ngonyaka ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu. Uhlu elisha elenzelwa Orthodox abadwebi ezithembekile Mount Athos. Manje "ikhilomitha zero" kusukela Iberia Chapel, qala Uhambo eziningi eMoscow ngebhasi. Futhi isakhiwo esincane seSangweni Uvuko - umbukiso kuqala ohlwini.

Izindawo zokukhulekela izithombe namathempeli

Liyobuyiselwa 1994-1995. Chapel lanikezelwa ngo Alexy II. Manje lokhu - ethempelini, nakuba ubukhulu nesizotha kakhulu. abantu Russian sika shrine kwenza ikhophi entsha isithonjana Our Lady of Vratarnitsy ababulawa izindela abadwebi kusukela eNtabeni Athos eGreece. Ukuze bakhulekele isithombe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ujabulele wezangaphakathi zasebukhosini nethempeli kungaba nsuku zonke. Amahora Iberia Chapel ku Red Square lobunane ekuseni kuze kube amahora namashumi amabili, izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngesonto. Zonke abefundisi eMoscow ukhonza imithandazo khona. Ngakho kukhona ukufundwa Akathist eNcasakazini uMariya behlonipha imifanekiso yakhe "we-Iberia uNina kaNkulunkulu." Kukhona leli thempeli amancane izinsuku usanta sika. Bona ziphawulwe solemnity amakhulu amabili nanhlanu ku-February, ngoLwesibili leviki Bright 26 Okthoba. Ithempeli manje enikezwa ukumelwa wezinzalamizi, ukuthi kuphela ithuthukisa isimo salo. Ngo Chapel has wesigodlo lalo. Manje, imisebenzi yakhe shall Archpriest Gennady Nefedov.

Iver yesonto Red Square ezincwadini nokudweba

Leli thempeli encane sekuwuphawu Orthodox ezithile Russian. Lapho uPeter Omkhulu, sengibuyile nomkhankaso wempi, akayanga sidumise isithonjana Iberia uNina kaNkulunkulu, Muscovites cishe babhikisha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kukhona wathandaza bangaphambi kokubulawa kwakhe eyaziwa Emelyan Pugachev. Iver Chapel e Moscow uvame ukubizwa ezincwadini njengoba izinkondlo futhi temibhalo yephrozi. Ngo Bunin izindaba kuyinto "Clean ngoMsombuluko" futhi "Izinkumbulo" e Shmelev - "engcwele" e B.Zaytseva - "Blue Star". Anton laseChekhov eMoscow Babehlale ehhotela "Big eMoscow", wacela ikamelo engama Chapel Iberia ukubukela isiguqo ebusuku. I-Concise, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo esichazwe ethempelini ngesango phakathi Olubomvu Manezhnaya Square uLeo Tolstoy e "Impi Nokuthula". Per Bezuhov, wadlula Iberia Chapel, nge amakhandlela ezikuwo ezingenakubalwa ngaphansi iGolide vestry, wazizwa, ekugcineni, ekhaya. Ithempeli esashiwo uSolzhenitsyn, Mandelstam, Tsvetaeva, Khodasevich. Umdwebo wanikezela ukuba yokudweba A. Lentulova "Esikhathini Iberia".

ikhophi

Chapel, abe uphawu lokushisekela ubuzwe Russian (isibonelo, ekulweni Napoleon Bonaparte) kanye ukuzishaya Orthodox, yayidumile kakhulu ekushoneni kwelanga Empire. Amadolobha amaningi wakhela izakhiwo efanayo. Iver yesonto ngesikhathi Uvuko Gate eMoscow ezaba isibonelo ithempeli elincane saseTomsk. Kube ikhophi lakhiwa ayizinkulungwane oneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili namashumi amahlanu nesishiyagalombili. Phakathi kokubusa kweSoviet futhi ithempeli yesifundazwe ladilizwa futhi endaweni yawo Square bamisa. Kodwa izakhamizi saseTomsk abuyiselwe yesonto e unyaka wesibili ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Its like inhlokodolobha yokuqala, abangcweliselwe Alexy II. Kukhona okungenani eyodwa ikhophi ngaphezulu Chapel Iberia eMoscow. Nokho, akuyona eRussia futhi Belgrade. Yakhiwa kuyi-Nguqulo Cemetery ngomhlaka imali zabantu abasuka eSoviet Union ngonyaka wamashumi amathathu nanye. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, le yesonto yasala dengwane, kodwa ehlobo lika-2014 libuyiselwe ngokugcwele futhi kwalungiswa. Kukhona yesonto Our Lady of Iver, okuyinto iyisonto omunye "uhlu", kodwa abawona amakhophi isonto eMoscow.

Luhambo yenhloko-dolobha

Ngisho noma - umuntu ophika ubukhona bukaNkulunkulu noma ngowomunye inkolo, uma wazi ukuthi ikhophi entsha futhi isithonjana ubudala - akufani, namanje ungadluli lelithempeli kancane. Hlola it ngaphakathi nangaphandle - kuba isigamu sehora. Ukubona eMoscow ngebhasi nika yesonto nesikhathi esingaphansi ngisho kwaleso. Kodwa kubalulekile ukubheka imidwebo kanye stucco, zibabaza ingelosi ophahleni futhi angene ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu isithonjana esemqoka ye-Iberia uNina kaNkulunkulu, ke ikhanga a etafuleni double, zonke embozwe eqoshiwe.