Isithonjana Olga: Yini uthandaza phambi kwakhe?

Princess Olga, yebo, i ungumuntu ohamba phambili kunabo. Wehla emlandweni njengoba uMdali wekuba sive nempucuko Kievan Rus. Ezikhathini yobuqaba ngayo isandla ngokuqinile amazwe imithetho ubukhulu united Russian. Emva kokuthola umbhaphathizo abaneminyaka engu-60, wafaka wonke amabutho komphefumulo wakhe eza ukusabalala ukholo lobuKristu ensimini ka-Russia. Ngenxa yalesi feat futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokufa abantu kubhekwe ukuba abe usanta, futhi ngo-1547 kwathiwa uzwakalise a saint. Olga libukeka isithonjana? Izithombe kungabonwa ngezansi.

Ngakho ubani lona wesifazane omkhulu, futhi waba yini umphumela ngendlela yakhe yokuphila?

Olga okhokho babe amaViking, ivela eScandinavia. Ekuzalweni kwakhe, yena wabizwa ngokuthi Helga, kushada nje isikhulu Russian, wabizwa isitayela Russian Olga. nje kokuzalwa kwayo, usuku oluqondile ayaziwa, kanye ungenabo ubufakazi iminyaka yakhe ebuntwaneni. Esikwaziyo ukuthi wawuhlala edolobhaneni zonke Vybutovskaya emfuleni Omkhulu. Ngaleyo minyaka, imithetho Prince Oleg, eyaziwa emlandweni njengoba Lesiprofetho. Omunye umshana wakhe abasha Igor ezingelwa ku Pskov esifundeni futhi wabona ngezizathu ukuzingela ocebile ngakolunye uhlangothi lomfula. Wabuza owayehlezi le nsizwa ukuba bangahambi naye kuzo kolunye uhlangothi ngesikebhe. Sasuka ogwini, isikhulu wezikhali zakhe ebona ukuthi ubuhle intombazane ezimangalisayo ehlezi phambi kwakhe. Isikhulu baqala unamathele ubuhle ne okuyihlazo iziphakamiso. Kodwa wabonisa umlingisi yokumelana nesikhulu baphoxeka. Waze wathembisa minza yena uma engayeki usathandana ezinenhlamba. Lokho kwasangulukisa Igor, kuphole nentshiseko yakhe. Lapho sekuyisikhathi sokuba ukushada Igor, enkantolo kwavela amantombazane kababaningi abayizikhulu ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene, kodwa ke yamkhumbula ubuhle engenakuphikiswa futhi wathumela matchmakers ukuze emzini wabazali bakhe.

Ethile yafeza lomshado, kodwa usuku oluqondile Akwaziwa-ke. Indodana yakhe yokuqala kanye kuphela Sviatoslav Olga wabeletha 942, ngokuphathelene nokuphila Olga nomyeni wakhe futhi kancane eyaziwa. Wayeyiqhawe elinesibindi, abangamaqaba, banqobe izwe elizungezile. Ngo 945, Igor kanye nabasizi bakhe baya Drevlyane emhlabeni ukuqoqa iminikelo. Kodwa njengoba esuke esekhululekile befika endaweni ababeya kuyo, wathi izintela izinga ngokuphindwe kabili. izakhamizi Angry umhlaba drevlyan Kushone isikhulu nethimba lakhe. Esaba ukuziphindiselela ukubulawa Prince Kiev, banikela inkosazana abasha ukushada umbusi wabo omncane. Olga kusho owaleli onekhono. Waphelelwa kwemvume yakhe. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho kufika ehhovisi lenxusa Drevlyane ekhatsi Kiev, babuphelele ukufa okubuhlungu - wangcwatshwa ephila. A lenxusa sesibili ashiswe ephila okugeza. Ngemva Olga ababehlangene squad futhi wahola umkhankaso Drevlyane. Naye wathatha indodana kwezinsana of Svyatoslav, owayeneminyaka ngokulambisa engamashumi 5 ubudala. Ayikho lobuphocelelako izithembiso isitha ningagudluzwa isihawu inhliziyo lo mfelokazi osemusha. Amadoda angaphezu kwamashumi 5000 kwabulawa ukuthi impi ngaphansi izindonga inhlokodolobha Drevlyansky umhlaba Iskorosten. Ngemva konyaka, u-Olga futhi impi befika emzini walishisa emhlabathini. Bonke abakhileyo ezazisaphila ebugqilini. zikhathi ezinzima, imikhuba ngesihluku!

Life ngaphandle komyeni wakhe

Emahlombe owesifazane osemusha waya unakekelwe indodana we ubukhulu. Abangenasihe ezitheni Olga kwakukuhle kakhulu futhi kuyiqiniso izikhonzi zakhe. Abantu wamthanda ngoba inhliziyo uhlobo. Waqhubeka inhlabathi isiRashiya, ukuhlela ukuphila kwezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki isimo abasha. It wayengadlali owenza yinye kwamandla Kiev kokwesikhulu. Lathi isimo hhayi njengomuntu wesifazane obuthakathaka, kodwa okweqhawe futhi behlakaniphile. Yena ngokuqinile ophethe amandla ezandleni zayo futhi ngesibindi bavikela ezitheni.

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe Olga wahlala umfelokazi ngokwethembeka engasafuni ezingaphezu kuka ukushada. yokuphila kwakhe okumsulwa isibe isibonelo ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezizayo. Olga Knyazhye kuze kube Sviatoslav yona ikhule. Ngemva kwalokho, wamnika isihlalo sobukhosi Kuvunyiwe, futhi yena lasuka uhulumeni futhi aphila ngokunethezeka Vyshgorod. Yaqala ukunikeza two-thirds ezisemadolobheni Kiev izimali, nokwesithathu ukushiya ukuze izidingo idolobha lakhona futhi egcekeni. It is nge Olga zihlonzwe imingcele lokuqala Kievan Rus babe ezindaweni, okuyinto ayezihlabelela heroes amaqhawe, oqaphe ukuthula ezweni Russian. Lapho Olga Russia waqala ukuba abe namandla amakhulu.

ukufuna uNkulunkulu

Olga kusukela azalwa khona angabeZizwe. Kodwa ayekufuna Nkulunkulu. Ufuna eByzantium, wavele wazi ukuthi inkulu ngamandla isimo akwanele, udinga okwengeziwe yokufinyelela ingokomoya abantu iye yahlela. Princess ne lwemikhumbi ezinkulu waya nethimba eConstantinople, ukuzibonela mathupha ukuphila isonto lobuKristu futhi ukufunda nezimfundiso zikaKristu. Umlando ayisho lutho ngezizathu ukuthi utshelwa Olga leso sinyathelo. Mhlawumbe yena wayefuna ukwenza umfelandawonye umakhelwane onamandla, noma washukumisa nezinye imicabango. Izazi-mlando ziyavuma entweni eyodwa - isinqumo ubhapathizo wawungowokuzithandela futhi wamukelekile. Kodwa uma Olga nje uyafuna ukubhapathizwa, angakwenza futhi ekhaya. Ngaleso sikhathi, abapristi abangamaKristu kwakumelwe kakade eRussia.

Kuyinto nodwendwe esikhulu babehamba eConstantinople, ukuze nje kuphela ukufunda mayelana Kristu, kodwa ukuze abonise ubukhulu boMbuso Kievan Rus. Ukubona ubuhle amasonto, njengoba sengike emsebenzini, wezwa ivangeli, Olga babekholelwa ngenhliziyo yakhe yonke kule nguMsindisi wezwe. Isakramente Ubhapathizo inzalamizi Konstantinopolskiy Feofilakt yena (iminyaka 933-956). ibhapathizwa wakhe kwaba uMbusi Konstantin Bagryanorodny (iminyaka 912-959). Lapho ebhapathizwa ethola igama Helena yokudumisa lokuqala Queen-amaKristu, wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe lokuthola Cross oNgcwele. Ngokusho yetinsita inzalamizi wabusisa Olga mazwi: "Ubusisiwe wena phakathi kwabesifazane, Russian njengoba uye walithanda ukukhanya nobumnyama wahamba."

Ngaphezu ubhapathizo, "ukuhamba" Olga kwamaGreki ukubaluleka zamanxusa. Ukuba nombusi esigodlweni, uye babambe izingxoxo eziningana futhi imihlangano yebhizinisi.

Ukubuyela Kiev, sasenza nabo imifanekiso, izincwadi ezingcwele. Yaqala kanjalo apostolate wakhe. Eholwa wakhe, yayakhiwe abathile ebandleni, kuqala behlonipha Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, elakhiwa phezu kwangcwatshwa kuyo le Kievan isikhulu wokuqala ongumKristu Askold. Abaningi Kiev Saint Olga waphendukela ebuKristwini, ngokuzikhandla bedabula amazwe, ekusakazeni ukholo Orthodox futhi ukwakha amathempeli emhlabeni wonke Russian. It wayengadlali owaqala nokudunyiswa ekhethekile-zintathu Ongcwele, kunalokho kuze kube manje libhekene okholweni Orthodox eRussia.

Ubuhlobo nendodana yakhe

Naphezu umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli futhi eziningi ukwengezwa kwabaphendukayo Orthodox, Olga akazange ukuphatha ukuguqukela ebuKristwini indodana yakhe okuwukuphela kwayo Svyatoslav. Nakuba kukithi umoya wokugcina ukuzama ukwenza kanjalo. INdodana ngenkani waphikelela ngokuthi uma enqaba ubuqaba phezu kwakhe lonke squad bahlekise. Nakuba abanye akangenelanga enkulu ekukhethweni kuka ngokholo, hhayi umama eyakhelwe izithiyo emisebenzini yayo. Nokho, abaphikisi abaningi zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni ophoqa Sviatoslav ezinsikeni zawo.

Olga ephakanyiswe abazukulu bakhe okholweni Orthodox. Kodwa nibabhaphathize ngaphandle kwemvume indodana yakhe, yena akazange alinge. Lokhu Olga wabonisa kanjani isibonelo sokuthobeka esikhulu, yinhlonipho nenhlonipho. Owesifazane ngesihluku aphindisele kokushona komyeni wakhe, ekusakazeni ukholo Orthodox eRussia yonkana, akazange alinge ziyaphikisana indodana yakhe siqu, akhombise kuhlonipha imizwa yakhe. Nokho, ithonya lawo kumzukulu wakhe, Prince uVladimir, wawumkhulu kakhulu. Yaba enye insika yenkolelo kanye uMbhapathizi ka Rus.

Olga akuprofethile ngokuphindaphindiwe indodana ekupheleni okubi, futhi isiprofetho sakhe lifezekile. Svyatoslav wawa kulwiwa Pecheneg isikhulu Qurei, owenze aphume ugebhezi lwakhe inkomishi. Ifaka kube kwesiyingi igolide, ababhemayo belisebenzisa ngesikhathi emadilini, ngemisebenzi ukunqotshwa isikhulu Russian. Kodwa kwaba ngemva kokufa Olga.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Ekupheleni ohambweni lokuphila eziningi nezinsizi kwamehlela iPrincess Olga. Lapho eseneminyaka i ukuguga, eRussia kwaba ukunqoba zobuqaba. Princess, revnitelnitse ubu-Orthodox wayegcine endlwini yakhe ngasese umpristi ukwenza imisebenzi edingekayo. Kodwa abazukulu ubekhulisa eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox kuyinto ngentando yakho.

Ngo 969, le Pechenegs ehlaselwa Kiev. Ngalesi sikhathi ama-Svyatoslav squad yayikude enhloko-dolobha, kodwa uPrincess Olga wakwazi ukuba akwazi ukuxosha abahlaseli ngosizo ibutho elincane, elaliholwa umbusi Pretich. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-Olga yayisivele iminyaka isihambile futhi ubangwa nezibi. Yokuhogela kusondela ukufa, wathandaza ngobuqotho, ememeza kuNkulunkulu, ethandazela oda kahle umbuso futhi isiphetho sonke isizwe. Akabushiyanga umthandazo kwaze kwaba yihora lokugcina. Svyatoslav yayiseduze unina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. Julayi 11 969 Princess wafa. Ngokwe-ke uyongcwatshwa ngokwesiko yobuKristu.

nokudunyiswa Olga

Ngo 1007 umzukulu wakhe, Prince uVladimir yamandla ayo idluliselwe kulo ibandla labaseTheselonika Blessed Virgin Mary, eKiev. Funda Princess njengoba ongcwele waba cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokufa. Izinsalela bekungengcono ayekholwa njengoba isithonjana. Olga futhi ngemva kokufa kwakhe, Unikeze Ithemba nokwelashwa ukubuza intercession wakhe. I izinsalela wakhe wahlupheka ngokuyisimangaliso kwamazinyo. Ngisho eyinkulungwane edlule, indlela sithembekile umdlavuza ithemba enhliziyweni yakho, bheka ukukhanya okuvela izinsalela. Abeza ongenalo ukholo enhliziyweni, abakutholanga oyifunayo.

I nokunxusa kanye ukuhlonipha usuku olungcwele Olga

Ngo-1547, kwathiwa canonised Saint Olga. Isithonjana elinesithombe wakhe angase kwenziwe embodiments ahlukahlukene. On kubo kuzoxoxwa ngezansi. isithonjana uhlonishwa Olga Equal kubaPhostoli ngosuku July 24 (indlela endala yokubhala 11 Julayi). Princess ngomsebenzi wakhe e ekusakazeni ukholo iSonto ikakhulukazi iphakamisa njengomuntu olingana kubaPhostoli, njengoba ukholo Orthodox ezaziletha eRussia.

Yini ukuba ikhuleke phambi isithonjana Saint Olga

Nelinye ikholwa endlini eziningi imifanekiso, kodwa isithonjana Princess Olga uyaziqhenya lwendawo. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Olga isithonjana ngoba kunika ukuqonda futhi kuqinise amakholwa pha ngokuhlakanipha igcwalisa izinhliziyo nge ukukhanya nothando. Phakathi nokuphila Olga bekulokhu umsekeli isimo eqinile, futhi wonke amabutho ibekwe nasekuqiniseni eRussia, futhi ngemva kokufa ke engashiyi ngethembele kulo. Isithonjana of St Olga ethandaza kusiza ekuqiniseni yezwe. Futhi, ukuze kuxazululeke izinhliziyo zezigebengu, imfundo. Amandla kanye Olga isithonjana okweshumi isonto ukuphulukisa abagulayo. Basondela-pilgrim ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Sizoba inhlanhla nokuvikelwa, isithonjana okuthiwa Olga, ukuze bonke abaphethe ngaleli gama sonorous ngempela kufanele aphathe umfanekiso nomvikeli wabo saint.

Cross Princess Olga

Ngesikhathi sokubhapathizwa ka Olga ezandleni Umbhishobhi wathola esiphambanweni, eqoshwe kusuka ucezu eyodwa olunikeza ukuphila Tree leNkosi. Kwakuthinta ezibaziweyo othi: "Buyekeza Russian leZwe Elingcwele Cross, futhi yakhe yokutholwa Olga, missus iNkosazana." Lokhu engu- baba engcwele eyinhloko esontweni St Sophia, okwakubekelwa abazinikele e 960, ngesikhathi impilo Olga. Kamuva, le engu- ihanjiswe kwenye esontweni eKiev. Kodwa ngemva ukuthunjwa Kiev naseLithuania ekhulwini XIII, isiphambano esontweni iye bathunjwa, futhi isiphetho sakhe asaziwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

iconography

Isithonjana Princess Olga kuvezwa ngokwesiko ukuba sts abangcwele. Ngokuvamile zibonisa isimo sakhe, ubambe isiphambano ngesandla sakhe sokunene, elimelela wokushumayela kaKristu. Esandleni sakhe sobunxele yena inesithombe ufanekisela ethempelini. Ngokuvamile, kunezinye isithonjana. Olga uvezwa kanye Prince Volodymyr, uMbhapathizi ka Rus.

Order of Princess Olga

Ngo-1988, uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Pimen lasungulwa i the Order of St Olga. UNongorwana lo unikelwa izakhamuzi ukuba abesifazane abaye baba nendima ekhethekile service of the Church.

Princess Olga wasephila kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe abeZizwe. Njengobe abengakwati konkhe loko imithetho kobuKristu, wayefuna ukuba zibheke inhliziyo, kuholele ekuphileni yokulunga. Abhapathizwa eminyakeni engu-60 ubudala, wachitha iminyaka engu-15 bephethe emhlabeni ukukhanya Russian, waba ummeli wesifazane kuwo wonke amaKristu yeRussia. Isekela abakhulekeli Isithonjana Olga. Inani igama layo - "abahlakaniphile", futhi Princess bathethelele ngokugcwele. Owesifazane nge intando unbending, iqhawe nesibindi, ehlakaniphile futhi kutebuncusa - ngakho wenza umlando.