Isikhundla sezwe saseCanada. Izici zezimo zemvelo

Indawo yeCanada Kufanekisela ngokucacile Amazwi esiqubulo sakhe sesizwe "kusukela olwandle kuya olwandle" (ngesiLatin "mari usque ad mare"). Leli yizwe elilodwa ogwini lwayo olutshengwa ngamachibi amathathu: i-Arctic, i-Pacific ne-Atlantic. I-Canada yizwe lesibili elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, liyizinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene, ezihlukahlukene, ezihlukahlukene emaphandleni nasezindaweni zemvelo.

Ulwazi jikelele

I-Canada ngesimo sesimo sezwe yisifundazwe. Iqukethe izifundazwe eziyi-10 ezihlangene noMthethosisekelo waseCanada (Quebec, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland neWarmrodor, eNew Brunswick, e-Alberta, eSaskatchewan, e-Ontario, eNova Scotia nase-Prince Edward Island) nasezindaweni ezingu-3 (Yukon, Northwest Territories, I-Nunavut). Inhloko-dolobha yaseCanada - i-Ottawa - isesifundazweni sase-Ontario. Izilimi zombuso ezisemthethweni zezwe ziNgisi nesiFulentshi.

Isikhundla sezomnotho nesendawo saseCanada Bekunqunywa ukujwayelana kwemizila yezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke, okwabangela ukusheshisa ekuthuthukiseni insimu yayo kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho, kwavuselela ubudlelwane bezohwebo nezinye izifunda futhi kwaheha abafuduki kuwo.

Indawo kahulumeni I-9 984.670 km² ihlanganisa cishe wonke enyakatho yezwe laseNyakatho Melika futhi ihlala e-Arctic archipelago, enye yezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Izwe lihlanganisa i-1/12 yomhlaba wonke wezwe, okwenza ugu lwayo lulingane nabalingani abathathu, elide kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Inani labantu baseCanada ngokuphathelene nensimu yalo enkulu ayibalulekile - abantu abayizigidi ezingu-32.2 abamele izinhlanga namasiko ahlukene. Amaphesenti angu-90 ahlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ehamba ikakhulukazi emngceleni ne-United States. Ingxenye ebalulekile yeCanada ayisebenzisi kangako ukuhlala kwabantu, kuhlanganise nemikhumbi engasenyakatho eqhubeka ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle.

Indawo yeCanada, Okukuthi Insimu enkulu enemihlaba emihle, ayinhle. Emhlabeni, umkhawulo kuphela i-United States, imingcele yolwandle iyahlukanisa enyakatho-mpumalanga yeGreenland nasempumalanga - kusukela eziqhingini zaseFrance zaseMiquelon naseSt. Pierre e- Atlantic Ocean. Enyakatho, eCanada ihamba ngaphezu kwe-Arctic Circle. Lapha kukhona inqwaba yeziqhingi zase-polar: i-Devon, amabhange, i-Victoria, i-Ellesmere, i-Newfoundland, i-Baffin Island nabanye. Kule ndawo itholakala eNunavut, Yukon, Northwest Territories. Lona okuthiwa i-Canadian Arctic.

Izindawo ze-physico-geographical

Isimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nendawo ehlukile yeCanada sasiza ekudaleni izimila ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezimila. Itholakala endaweni yezintaba ze-arctic, tundra, amahlathi ahlanganisiwe, i-taiga, i-steppes. Izwe Ihlukaniswe ngezifunda eziningana zemvelo: ama-Appalachi kanye nezintaba ze-Arctic, i-Canadian Shield, izigodi zangaphakathi, izifunda zasemapulazini, uhlelo lwezintaba zasePacific.

Izwe lezikhala ezivulekile

Izindawo ezisenyakatho zama-Appalaki zifika ezifundazweni zaseMaritime, empumalanga yeQuebec futhi zifika eNewfoundland. Indawo yeCanada, Lesi sifunda sezintaba, ikakhulukazi ngokuphambene. Nakhu kunamatshe amadala asezindaweni ezahlukene. Iningi lesifunda lihlanganisa izintaba eziboshiwe, ezinamapulangwe amakhulu, eziqongweni zazo ezigcwele ama-glaciers. Amapulangwe aphakeme ahlukaniswe izigodi ezibanzi. Isici esivela esifundeni yiGulf of St. Lawrence, ishefula elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, elixhunywe yizinhlanzi nolwandle.

I-plateau yaseLaurentian inengxenye ebalulekile yezwe futhi iyingxenye yesihlangu sasendulo saseCanada esiyisikristali. Lesi yisifunda esingenakufinyeleleka kakhulu ezweni, kodwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezinkulungwane zamachibi, i- Hudson Bay, uhlobo olwandle lwangaphakathi, kanye nezimali ezicebile kakhulu cishe zonke izici zetafula lezinsuku.

Njengengxenye yeCanada Shield, i-Arctic asehlakaleni enyakatho yeAlaska kanye naseziqhingini zaseHudson Bay ivame ukucatshangelwa, okuyiyona ndawo ebanzi iqhwa yi-permafrost. Nazi amachibi amakhulu eCanada - i-Slave Great ne-Big Bear, ngayinye ehlangene nomfula omude kakhulu wezwe iMackenzie, eqoqa amanzi amaningi emifuleni ye-Arctic watershed.

Ehlangothini olusentshonalanga yiSihlangu saseCanada, amaThafa amakhulu yi-breadbasket yaseCanada. Lapha kwenziwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinkomo zikakolweni nezinkomo. Lesi sifundazwe sithatha izifundazwe ze-steppe futhi sifinyelele ogwini lwasePacific, lapho ingxenye yenye yezintaba ezinkulu emhlabeni, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi izwe elisezintabeni - i-Cordillera, ilula. Ephakathi kweCanada, bahlukaniswe yiCôte Ridge naseMiddle Rocky, lapho kusetshenzwa khona amasheya amaminerali acebile kakhulu.

Izwe lamaphupho

Isikhundla seCanada, esibhekene nezindawo eziningana zemvelo ezivela eziqhingini ze-arctic, ezisebenza cishe yonke iGreenland nase-Arctic archipelago, emaqeleni amahlathi nasezintabeni ezihlanganisa amaThafa Akulu, zinqume ukuhlukahluka nokunethezeka kwezimo nemvelo yayo yemvelo. Lokhu kwaba yisici esihle ekuthuthukiseni umnotho wezwe. Futhi ukutholakala kokuphuma emachibini asePacific nase-Atlantic kwakubonisa ukwanda kwesimo sawo ohlelweni lobuhlobo bomhlaba wonke nasezinhlanganweni ezinkulu zamazwe ezizwe ezikude.

Ukuphila okuphezulu, umnotho othuthukile, uhlelo lwemfundo nempilo, imizi ehlanzekile nephephile, amasiko amaningi ahlukene - akuwona wonke uhlu lwezinzuzo ezihlukanisa iCanada. Ngo-1992, i-UN yamemezela ngokuthi "izwe elikhangayo kakhulu ekuphileni komuntu."