Inzuzo ye kukhona / zikhona ngolimi lwesiNgisi: imithetho yokusetshenziswa

Inzuzo 'khona' / 'kukhona / kukhona', ... / (* ngemuva kwalokhu ezibonelweni isifinyezo - "thr") ngokuya lolimi kuyinto ukuphambuka kusuka kuyinsakavukela. Nokho, njengoba namanye bakholelwa izinto ezihlukahlukene ngolimi lwesiNgisi, it is njalo elisetshenziswa inkulumo. It ingasetshenziswa namanje kokubili ngekukhuluma noma ngekubhala, ngokwethukela, futhi ukuxhumana ezisemthethweni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi inzuzo lihlotshaniswa eziningi semantic futhi amaphutha kolimi, ezifana semantic: Ukukhonjwa kanye umusho engenabuntu 'kuba ...', noma isandiso / kukhona /; lwetakhi telulwimi: ukusetshenziswa amafomu ayilungile sesenzo 'kube', okwenezela isilandiso isenzo ukuncoma, njll

Vs. 'Kukhona / kukhona'

Yini ehlukanisa ukushushumbisa 'kukhona / kukhona' on the isandiso 'lapho'?

'Kukhona' ngokuvamile indawo kokujwayelekile isandiso, ukuphendula umbuzo othi "Kuphi?",, Ngokwesibonelo "Kuphi?":

Ingabe ukhululekile khona? / Ingabe ukhululekile khona?

Le ncwadi lapho etafuleni / incwadi lapho etafuleni.

Kulokhu, it uthola indlela yabo yokukhuluma semantic, ngoba ubonakalisa izitatimende "usongo" esemqoka.

Nokho, njengoba 'lapho' ingaba njengesihluthulelo kuncike isihlobo hhayi njengesikhombi endaweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi-ke iba isabizwana ukuthi ngegama adlala indzima mayelana nale ndaba, kuyilapho ndaba kulokho okushiwo isilandiso ibhekwa njengoba. Meaning kungaba kuncike, ngaphandle kokubukela phansi lolimi futhi ingqondo ukubeka endaweni 'thr'. Into kuphela - ngaleyo ndlela ukuthi ulahlekelwe ngeminye emthunzini incazelo. Lokhu inzuzo isabizwana 'thr' ayikho ngaphansi ukucindezeleka futhi wamemezela sengathi edlulayo.

Ngakho, / thr kuyinto / thr kukhona / isetshenziswa ukuze ahlinzeke ulwazi olusha futhi ukugxila kuwo.

Vs.'it kuyinto '

Yini ehlukanisa ukushushumbisa 'kukhona / kukhona' esebenzisa isabizwana esisemthethweni 'ke' emshweni engenabuntu 'kuba'? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka sicabangele kafushane isihloko kanye uhlevane. Theme - ingxenye ngemuva, alinikezi imininingwane ayisisekelo; INsalela - iyona elisemqoka (ibinzana), edlala indima juqu, lapho kugcizelelwa. 'It' - kuba umelele ngamanga lumane ukuba ngokunengqondo noma ekhona endaweni ethile ngokomongo, futhi remoy lapha okwenzekayo kuye, noma lokho isimo kuba, yini izimpawu has. Nakuba 'thr' - kuyinto "Ukulalelisisa" kube wokufihla (ngokunengqondo) alingana umphelelisi isilandiso, futhi remoy ngokuvamile othile noma into ethile. Okungukuthi, focus ibekwe phezu khona, khona, mhlawumbe inombolo.

Ayisetshenziswa nge okuqhubekayo, izabizwana zoqobo abe umphelelisi futhi izwi yokwenziwa (Yokwenziwa V.)

Empeleni, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa 'kukhona / kukhona' ngolimi lwesiNgisi kuyinto asebenzisa 'smth is', 'abaningi', lapho 'kube' isenzo livela nencazelo yalo semantic - "zivela", "kube", "ukuba" "ukwethula", "kube", "endaweni". Yingakho-ke alisetshenziswa nge kwaqanjwa amaqembu isici okuqhubekayo (ngokulandelana, futhi Esiphelele okuqhubekayo), kanye ne isibambiso yekwentiwa. Ngesizathu esifanayo ke kungamukelwa ukusebenzisa izabizwana zoqobo - bekuzoba linjengezwi / thr ngingubani mina / ngingubani /, / thr kakubhalwanga / bona uye / kanye waqonda, futhi ngenxa yalokho akusho abalona Imininingwane ngokuyinhloko entsha, futhi iphuzu semantic umbono alusho lutho.

inzuzo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa 'kukhona / kunamaseli'

Kule kusobala ukuthi isakhiwo ingasetshenziswa:

- emabito ngamazwi engaphansi;

- Izinombolo;

- tabito Elihlala.

Izinhlaka ezilandelayo (kuphela impambosi):

- zonke izikhathi ezine;

- e engaqinisekile futhi izici phezulu.

kuncike Isihlobo 'Kukhona' ingasetshenziswa ezahlukene ezakhiwe isikhathi enamazinyo. Noma kunjalo, ukuze banciphise isikhathi ngokuvamile okukhulunywe nje inzuzo 'kukhona / kukhona'. WeSikimu zokwakha nazo zonke izakhiwo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: sipho evulekile 'Kukhona' ibizo. Kuye ukubeka isenzo asizayo 'kube' kwelinye izinhlobo zawo, kuye ngokuthi isimo; ngoba isenzo asizayo kuyinto Ibizo ngamazwi engaphansi (uma ikhona), okusho iqembu ibizo.

Thr kuyinto umsebenzi okusamele wenziwe / Kukhona umsebenzi okusamele wenziwe.

Thr kuyoba ephathini kulobubusuku / Namuhla kuyoba ephathini.

Thr yayingekho umonakalo / Kwakungekho ingozi.

Thr bebelokhu izingcingo ezimbili zocingo / Tholakele amakholi wefoni ezimbili.

Inzuzo 'kukhona / kukhona' sisebunyeni futhi ubuningi

Lapho iqembu zebizo emva isenzo ungaphakathi ubuningi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa Ubuningi isenzo:

Thr izizathu eziningi kulolu / Kunezizathu eziningi.

Thr amadoda amabili egumbini / Ikamelo kwaba abantu ababili.

Siphinde sisebenzise plural isenzo ibinzana phambi elisho kokuma isihlobo enokwehla, ezifana 'inombolo (of) / inani elithile', 'eziningi (of)' / isethi, 'ezimbalwa (of) / Inombolo':

Thr zazingcono kakhulu abantu bamisa khona / Kwakunabantu abaningi abaye bahlala khona.

Thr kuwukuchofoza kwesokunxele ezimbalwa / Kukhona abambalwa kuphela.

Uma ibizo eqenjini lisebunyeni noma mkhulu kakhulu, ngendlela efanayo isetshenziswa, ngokulandelana, futhi isenzo:

Thr ingenye iphuzu kumelwe sinezele lapha / kukhona into eyodwa ukuthi kumelwe ukwelekelela lapha.

Thr akuyona eyanele lapha / Kukhona isikhala esanele.

Isenzo sisebunyeni ibekwe sengathi emshweni okukhulunywa izinto eziningana noma abantu, kodwa ibizo lokuqala kulandela isenzo sisebunyeni. kuhlanganise noma mkhulu kakhulu:

Thr kwaba indoda nowesifazane / Kube kwendoda nowesifazane.

Thr kwaba usofa nezihlalo ezimbili / Kube usofa bese armchairs ezimbili.

izenzeko

Inzuzo 'khona' ( 'kukhona / kukhona', ...) sisebenzisa uma sithi:

- ukuba khona noma ukungabi khona abantu, uyenqaba:

Thr singabantu ababili abangefani abangase ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekeni / kunabantu ababili abangase ukwazi bona kwenzekeni.

- Yini-okwenzeka:

Thr kungcono emihlanganweni masonto onke / Njalo ngeviki zikhona emihlanganweni.

Thr kwaba nempi enkulu / Kwakukhona Duel abanolaka.

- Inombolo noma ubuningi:

Thr bayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amane lethu, Ngicabanga / Amane neyethu, ngicabanga.

eyisibonelo tento

Inzuzo 'kukhona / kukhona' unga zihlanganisa simokwenta, kulandelwa 'kube', 'baye' ( ngaphezu kwalezo ukuthi banesibopho esizayo futhi esikhathini esidlule):

Thr kungaba inkinga / udaba Ingavula.

Thr kufanele kube noshintsho kuhulumeni / kufanele kube noshintsho kuhulumeni.

Thr ayikwazi bebelokhu ubani ngaphandle / Akekho kungaba emigwaqweni.

Kumelwe ukuba thr kwaba iphutha / kumele bavunyelwe ezinye uhlobo iphutha.

izifinyezo

Inzuzo 'kukhona / kukhona' ngolimi lwesiNgisi ngenkulumo noma isimo lolungakahleleki ivumela ukuncipha sesenzo 'kube' noma isenzo eyisibonelo futhi abutting ke kuya 'lapho' by ikhonco ( «ka-» - 'kuyinto' noma 'has', « 're »' kukhona ',«' ll »- 'shall' noma 'ngeke',« 've »-' kufanele ',«' d »- 'kwadingeka', 'kufanele' noma '' babeyonyathela):

Thr akukho ingozi / akunangozi.

THR'll njalo ikusasa umculo / umculo njalo kube ngokuzayo.

Ngangazi THR'd kube nenkinga / Ngangazi ukuthi beze inkinga.

Thr Sekuyisikhathi impela eningi yocwaningo kuwo / liye olwenziwa bacwaninga ngale ndaba.

Angizange ngisho bazi THR'd kube ukubulala / Angazi ngisho bazi ukuthi ukubulala lenzeka.

'Vela ukuba'

Futhi, ngaphandle isenzo ekuphileni 'kube' - okungukuthi, ukuba ukubaluleka "ngokuba", "zivela", - ingasetshenziswa kuyadida ngaphezulu "ibonakala endaweni ukuba", "umuzwa wokuthi kwenzekani ..." nemishwana efanayo nesenzo ezifana 'avele' futhi 'kubonakala':

Thr libonakala angenamkhawulo ukudideka ngaleliphuzu / Kubonakala kukhona omningi emagama ngalokhu.

Kubonakala thr kuke kwaba ezinye ngobudedengu / Kubonakala ukuthi kwakunenzuzo ethile ukunganaki.