Umlando "sase- Auschwitz." Ubani ekhulula "u-Auschwitz"?

History of the Second neMpi Yezwe, igcina eziningi Amakhasi ebukekayo, kodwa ekamu German lokuhlushwa - esinye esikhulu kakhulu. Izenzakalo yalezo zinsuku ibonisa ngokucacile ukuthi isihluku abantu maqondana nomunye, futhi eqinisweni akazi imingcele.

Ikakhulukazi kulesi sici, "edumile" "i-Auschwitz". Hhayi udumo engcono bakhuluma ngani laseBuchenwald noma eDachau. Kwakulapho okwakukhona okufa. amasosha Sovetskik ngubani ekhulula "u-Auschwitz", eside ngaphansi umbono yezinto ezinyantisayo ezazenzeka phakathi kwezingange zalo amaNazi. Yayiyini kule ndawo, futhi ngayiphi injongo idaliwe amaJalimane? Isihloko kanye isihloko lesi sihloko.

ulwazi oluyisisekelo

Kwakuwusuku enkulu futhi ikamu kakhulu "enamandla" bangakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, okuyinto eyake yadalwa kanzima ngamaNazi. Okuningi ngokunembile, kwaba lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa evamile ekamu izindawo umsebenzi ophoqelelwe futhi insimu ekhethekile lapho bakamalalahlengezela owabhubhisa abantu. "Auschwitz" futhi yaziwa. Uphi le ndawo? Itholakala Awukude Krakow, Poland.

Labo ekhulula "u-Auschwitz", bakwazi ukusindisa ingxenye "ezimali" kule ndawo esibi. Kusukela le mibhalo nomyalo iRed Army ngafunda ukuthi kubo bonke isikhathi khona wekamu wahlushwa mayelana abanye abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu ngaphakathi kwezindonga zawo. Yisigidi wabo - amaJuda. I "Auschwitz" kwadingeka ezine ezinkulu igesi emakamelweni, ngamunye okuyinto wabekwa abantu 200 nje.

Ngakho ukuthi bangaki abantu babulawa?

Maye, kukhona zonke izizathu zokukholelwa ukuthi abashonile okuningi. Omunye izinduna kule ndawo embi, uRudolf Hess, isivivinyo eNuremberg, wathi lonke inani labantu abashone akwazi ukuxoxa kahle isibalo 2.5 million. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthi lowo owenze ngokuthi lesi sibalo kweqiniso. Noma kunjalo, ngaso sonke isikhathi laligcwele enkantolo, sithi: Angizanga ngilazi inani eliqondile iziboshwa wabulawa.

Banikezwe umthamo omkhulu esinobuthi, singakwazi Sikhombisa ukuthi izisulu futhi eqinisweni kwaba okuningi kuka kukhonjisiwe amarekhodi olusemthethweni. Abanye abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuphela kwabo abatholakala abangaba yizigidi ezine (!) Ayikho abantu abangenacala e lezi zindonga esabekayo.

Indida ebabayo kwaba ukuthi Amasango "Auschwitz" waba ehlotshiswe umbhalo oqoshwe ukuthi ukufunda: «Arbeit Macht Frei». Njengoba yahunyushelwa olimini isiRashiya, kusho "Umsebenzi inikhulula". Maye, empeleni, akekho inkululeko is ngisho uyinuke. Kunalokho, umsebenzi sifunde izifundo ezibalulekile futhi ewusizo kule amaNazi abulala yaphenduka indlela ephumelelayo sokubulala ukuthi cishe akazange alilahle ukwehluleka.

Uma lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi wadalwa ukufa?

Laqala ukwakhiwa ngo-1940 insimu, okuyinto wayeke labetibambile ikampu Polish. Njengoba kuqala asetshenziswa ezempi emabhalekisini emabhalekisini. Yiqiniso, izisebenzi zokwakha babengamaJuda, futhi iziboshwa zempi. Thina wabondla kabi, futhi ubulawa ngenxa yokungalaleli icala ngalinye - yangempela noma engokomfanekiso. Ngakho waqoqa "isivuno" yakhe yokuqala, "Auschwitz" (lapho le ndawo, usuwazi).

Kancane kancane, ekamu wakhula, kuphenduke eziyinkimbinkimbi enkulu ukulethwa amaholo aphansi, okwakuyoholela bakwazi ukusebenzela sokubusa kwamaNazi.

Manje ngalokho okuncane, kodwa wonke umsebenzi wasetshenziswa kakhulu iziboshwa (!) Izinkampani ezinkulu German. Ikakhulu, i-edumile corporation BMV izigqila ngenkuthalo bexhashazwa, isidingo okuyinto likhula minyaka yonke, njengoba eJalimane waphonsa ku grinder Eastern Front ngaphezulu nezigaba ngaphezulu, ukuphoqelelwa ukuba umphelelisi zikagesi yabo entsha.

Imigomo nemibandela yeziboshwa iziboshwa

Imibandela babe esesabisayo. Ngezinye wabokuqala axazulule ibhalekisi, lapho kwakungekho lutho. Lutho neze, ngaphandle armfuls elincane utshani zibole ndawo nedlanzana ezimbalwa ayi skwele phansi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, baqala ukunikeza omatilasi, ngesilinganiso eyodwa kubantu abahlanu noma abayisithupha. Samuntu encomekayo kakhulu iziboshwa bebelokhu bunks. Nakuba babephelele izitezi ezintathu, kahle ngayinye ibekwe iziboshwa ezimbili kuphela. Kulokhu, kwaba ayibandi njengoba ababenakho ukulala okungenani hhayi phansi.

Kunoma ikuphi, kwakukhona okuhle kancane. Ikamelo, owawukwazi ukuthwala abantu kufike abantu amahlanu sesimweni oqotho, izungezwe kwi iziboshwa ezingamakhulu amabili nesigamu. nephunga elibi Okunzima Kakhulu Ukubhekana Nakho, umswakama, nezintwala typhoid fever ... Ukuphishekela konke lokhu kwenza, abantu abayinani elingavamile bafa ngezinkulungwane.

Amakhamera ngoba gassings "Zyklon B" wasebenza ubusuku nemini, kanye ikhefu amahora amathathu. Kulesi lokuhlushwa ekamu zokulothisa washisa izidumbu eziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku.

ucwaningo lwezokwelapha

Njengoba for ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ke iziboshwa ephethwe ukuba basinde kule "Auschwitz" okungenani inyanga, elithi "udokotela" laqala kwempunga. Ngempela, uma umuntu egula kakhulu, kungcono nje ungene loop noma ukusebenzisa in umbono ogcwele wonogada, enethemba lokuthi ichashazi unesihe.

Futhi akumangalisi: kulokho kulezi zingxenye 'babezila "le Mengele elidumile futhi eziningi" abaphilisi "isikhundla ezintweni ezincane, sizikhandle ukuze esibhedlela kaningi saphela ngokukhululwa" Auschwitz "izisulu wadlala indima lengulube Guinea. Iziboshwa ihlolwe ubuthi, imigomo yingozi, ukuchayeka ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu futhi ongaphakeme, ukuzama izindlela ezintsha zokuthola izinsuku kwezitho ... Kafushane, ukufa kwakukuhle ngempela (ikakhulu uma kucatshangelwa nokuthambekela kwezinhliziyo "odokotela 'siziphathe imisebenzi ngaphandle izinzwa).

Ngo nababulali amaNazi kwaba "iphupho pink": ukuthuthukisa izindlela inzalo okusheshayo emhloleni kubantu uzobhubhisa yonke abantu, sibancisha ikhono nokuzala.

Kuze kube yimanje, ucwaningo Kwakuseshwa eyesabekayo: zamadoda nabesifazane basendulo ababonisa Izitho zokuzala isuswe, wahlola izinga sokuphulukiswa yamanxeba nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. ucwaningo Abaningi Kwakuseshwa ngesihloko inzalo emisebeni ye. abantu abangajabule zishiswe ngemithamo ongenangqondo X-ray.

Umsebenzi "odokotela"

Ngemva kwalokho, nabo esetshenziswa ekuhloleni izifo eziningi imvelo oncological, ngemva "elapheke" enjalo lapho, bavele cishe yonke edalulwa. Ngokuvamile, tonkhe tifundvo abangu kuphela elinde esibi, wafa kabuhlungu ukuze kuzuze "lesayense nenqubekela phambili." Ngokudabukisayo alivume, kodwa amaningi "odokotela" hhayi kuphela lakwazi ukugwema izihibe eNuremberg, kodwa ixazululwe kahle Melika nase-Canada, lapho bebehlala khona kubhekwa cishe izinkanyiso imithi.

Yebo, lokho abakutholile ngempela babengamadoda esiyigugu, ukuthi nje inani elikhokhiwe kubo, kwaba uhlasela okusezingeni eliphezulu. Nakulokhu futhi kukhona umbuzo ingxenye lisezingeni imithi ...

yokudla

Wabondla ngokufanele: lonke usuku isabelo kwaba isitsha ayevumela ka "isobho" semifino owonakele imvuthu of "technical" isinkwa, owawungumnyaka eziningi amazambane abolile kanye sawdust, kodwa kwakungekho ufulawa. Cishe ama-90% iziboshwa uhlushwa ezingamahlalakhona disorder emathunjini esibulala ngokushesha kubo, amaNazi "ukunakekelana."

Iziboshwa zazivunyelwe kuphela nomona izinja, owayekade ese-maqhugwane angomakhelwane: ku Kennels waba amalahle, nekhwalithi okuphakelayo kuphela kanye ukuqhathanisa akufanele ...

elihambayo ukufa

legend okwesabisayo manje beba igesi emakamelweni "sase- Auschwitz." Killing abantu yafakwa yokusakaza (ngomqondo truest izwi). Ngokushesha ngemva kokufika e-zasekamu abangu ihlelwa ngezigaba ezimbili: ofanele futhi engafanele ukusetshenziswa. Izingane, abantu ubudala, abesifazane kanye nabakhubazekile ngqo endaweni yesikhulumi bathunyelwa esinobuthi "sase- Auschwitz." iziboshwa Engazi lokuqala bathunyelwa "kwekilasi."

Yini ongayenza ne izidumbu?

Zafika lapho, zatholana bangagqokile, banikezwa insipho babe "eshaweni." Yiqiniso, isisulu siwela esinobuthi, okuyinto eqinisweni abangu bezifihle njenge- izihlambi (ophahleni babe ngisho amanzi izifutho). Ngokushesha emva party uphawu iminyango ivaliwe, isebenze igesi amasilinda "Zyklon B", ngemva kwalokho okuqukethwe amathangi bagijimela 'nezihlambi. " Abantu bafa ingakapheli imizuzu 15-20.

Ngemva kwalokho emizimbeni yabo bayiswa esithandweni sokushisa izidumbu, owayesebenza ayimi izinsuku ukuphela. Udaka wafakwa esetshenziselwa efaka umquba yokulima. Izinwele ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi iziboshwa aphuce, waqhubeka ukugxusha imicamelo kanye omatilasi. Lapho esithandweni ukushiswa kwesidumbu yaphuka, amapayipi kwabo uyenyuka ngokudayisa wokusebenza okuqhubekayo, umzimba ngeshwa kushiswe umgodi omkhulu bemba ngaphakathi kwekamu.

Namuhla kusayithi Yakhiwa Museum "-Auschwitz." Okwesabisayo, umuzwa abacindezelayo nokuhlupheka namuhla ihlanganisa zonke abavakashela indawo ukufa.

Ukuze ufunde indlela bacebe ukulawula ekamu

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi izitha zakhe zilapho efanayo kwalethwa Poland waseGreece nakwamanye amazwe akude. Bethembisa "kwenye indawo ukuze eMpumalanga Yurophu" ngisho imisebenzi. Uma sikubeka kalula, abantu befika esizeni kokubulawa kwakhe, ngokuzithandela hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuthatha naye zonke izinto eziyigugu.

Akubalulekile ukuba ababheke ukuzikhohlisa kakhulu: in the-yalolucwaningo 30 XX leminyaka, amaJuda ngempela adingiswa esuka eJalimane uye eMpumalanga. abantu nje wahluleka ukuqaphela ukuthi izikhathi sezishintshile manje kwamaNazi kwaba inzuzo kakhulu ungabhubhisi ezimjabulisayo 'Untermensch ".

Lapho ucabanga, ingabe zonke zegolide nezesiliva izinto, izingubo ezinhle kanye nezicathulo ashaqe kwabafileyo? Ngokwengxenye enkulu bona eyabiwe commandants nomkabo (elalingelona Ungazihluphi ukuthi entsha namacici kwamahora ambalwa edlule sasihlangene umuntu ofile), ukuvikelwa ngaphandle kwekamu. Ikakhulukazi nabasePoland "ohlukaniswa", Moonlighting lapha. Babiza emadepho baphanga izinto "Canada". Ngokombono wabo, kwaba emangalisayo, ezweni elinothile. Eziningi zalezi "namaphupho", hhayi kuphela ahlanganiswe ngokwabo ngokuthengisa izinto wabulala, kodwa wakwazi ukubaleka nje okwamanje ukuthi Canada efanayo.

wawuphumelela kanjani labour senceku iziboshwa?

Kuyindida kodwa kahle kwezomnotho wezisebenzi ezigqilazwayo eziboshwa "uvikelekile" ikamu "Auschwitz" kwaba lusizi. Abantu usetshenziswe (nabesifazane) e zenqola ku yezolimo ezweni, amadoda ucishe onamandla esetshenziswa njengoba ephansi onekhono akhuthalela chemical nemabhizinisi lempi, amabutho abo wabhubhisa amabhuloho silungisa nemigwaqo Allied ngamabhomu ...

Nazi nje amabhizinisi Umhlahlandlela lapho ikamu "Auschwitz" enikeziwe rabsilu awuzange ujabule: Abantu bathwala ezingeqi kwezingu 40-50% of the evamile ngisho ne Usongo lokufa ngenxa iphutha ngalinye elingasho lutho kancane. Futhi akukho lutho isimanga lapha: abaningi babo ngokulambisa emi ngezinyawo zakhe, yeka ukuthi luhlobo luni ukusebenza khona?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu amaNazi ezimbi equliswa eNuremberg, injongo yabo yedwa kwaba ukubhujiswa ezingokomzimba zabantu. Ngisho ukusebenza kwazo e-angisebenzi umuntu sina nesithakazelo.

imodi Umane

Cishe u-90% abasinde esihogweni sokubonga uNkulunkulu ngokuthi ababona bayiswa ekamu lokuhlushwa "Auschwitz" maphakathi no-1943. Nakuba imodi ukusungulwa kakhulu sashintsha.

Okokuqala, kusukela manje kuqhubeke onogada babengavunyelwe ngaphandle kokugwetjwa, ukubulala nanoma iyiphi isiboshwa ukuthi kungukuthi ithandiwe. Okwesibili, esiteshini sezimo eziphuthumayo wendawo waqala ngempela nokuba baphulukise, hhayi ukubulala. Okwesithathu, steel kungcono ondle.

AmaJalimane waphaphama unembeza? Cha, konke prosaic okuningi: kwaba sobala ukuthi iJalimane ayezonqotshwa. "KwamaNazi Omkhulu" zazidingeka ngokuphuthumayo izisebenzi, hhayi izinto zokusetshenziswa zalisa Amasimu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphila kweziboshwa ngokulambisa wakhula emehlweni ngisho izilo ephelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje akubona bonke izinsana abulawa. Yebo, kuze kube yileso sikhathi, sonke ababa nakho abesifazane abeza kule ndawo ukhulelwe, olahlekelwe izingane zakhe: abantwana nje kuminze ibhakede lamanzi, bese waphonsa ngemizimba yabo. Ngokuvamile, nje ngemuva amabhalekisi ekhakonina. Kanjani abesifazane abaningi ngeshwa liyahlanya, asisoze sazi. Okusanda yatiswe 70 yokukhululwa "Auschwitz", kodwa isikhathi uphulukisa amanxeba ezinjalo.

Kanjalo. Ngesikhathi le "ncibilika" kuzo zonke izingane waqala ukuhlola uma ngokuya ubuso babo washelela lutho "Aryan", ingane wathunyelwa "nokwenziwa" eJalimane. Ngakho amaNazi wayethemba ukuxazulula inkinga esibi sabantu, elalimi ukuphakama kwakhe okugcwele, ngemva ukulahlekelwa omkhulu Eastern Front. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi bangakhi eJalimane namuhla iyikhaya inzalo ka-amaSlav uthathiwe wathumela e-Auschwitz. Umlando alisho lutho, futhi imibhalo (ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala) kungukuthi balondolozwa.

ukukhululwa

Konke emhlabeni luphelela lapha. Mina yayiphumula futhi abantu ababesekamu lokuhlushwa. Ngakho ubani ekhulula "u-Auschwitz", futhi uma kwenzeka?

Futhi benza amasosha aseSoviet ke. Warriors Yokuqala Ukrainian Front yakhululwa iziboshwa kule ndawo esesabisayo 25 Januwari, 1945. SS amayunithi uqapha ekamu, alwa kwaze kwaba sekufeni: ababezitholile umyalo nganoma iyiphi indlela wayezonikela isikhathi sokubhujiswa lwamaNazi njengazo zonke iziboshwa, futhi imibhalo ukuthi zaziyokukhanyisa ku amacala abo eyesabekayo. Kodwa guys yethu usukwenzile umsebenzi wabo.

Yilokho ngubani ekhulula "u-Auschwitz." Naphezu kwazo zonke notshwala udaka ukuthi wathela manje isiqondiso sabo, amasosha bethu ezimpilweni zabo bakwazi ukusindisa eziningi abantu. Ungakhohlwa ngakho. Ngonyaka ngosuku okwenzeka ngalo 70 yokukhululwa "Auschwitz" cishe kwavela amazwi afanayo kusukela izindebe ubuholi samanje eJalimane, lapho ahlonishwe inkumbulo amasosha aseSoviet owafa nenkululeko yabanye. ngo-1947 kuphela Museum kwavulwa ekamu. Abasunguli balo baye bazama ukugcina konke njengoba kubonakala lapha ufika izingozi.