Inkampani ngokumile ihlanganiswe - ukuthi ... Umqondo mpo izibonelo ukuhlanganiswa

inkampani ngokumile ihlanganiswe - ingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ibhizinisi lakho siqu. Ukwakheka izakhiwo ezinkulu nokuhlanganisa mpo ingenye Amathrendi eziphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi zikhona esikhathini sanje. Kulesi emagama, okuyinto ehlukile njalo inkampani thwi ihlanganiswe - yilokho isizathu kuhle ukuba icubungulisise cabanga zako ezinkulu nemihlomulo.

nendlela yokukhuthaza

izinhlangano Modern ezinkulu ehlangene njalo sisho vector ukuthuthukiswa umnotho yesimanje futhi awumgogodla nokugcina nekusimama ukukhiqizwa kwanoma yiphi ezweni elithuthukile. Ngokumile ihlanganiswe inkampani - kukho kunalokho ethandwa zokwenza ibhizinisi, futhi emnothweni isiRashiya, ahlukahlukene ukuhlanganiswa izinqubo ayabaluleka okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe. Esinye sezizathu ezibalulekile kakhulu ukwakheka izakhiwo ezifana emkhakheni zamanje ezifuywayo emnothweni kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuthi izimo ezikahle zadalwa yokuziphatha yomsebenzi wezomnotho, Starring izithiyo mutual, kanye ithuba lokuqinisa isikhundla salo wokuncintisana kanye nokugcina ukulawula isimo emakethe.

ukuhlaziywa emakethe, abasebenzi abahlanganyeli ehlangene, inikeza ukucabangela esebenzayo ye zokuvulwa ezihlukahlukene oluthize ezahlukeneyo ezahlukene ukuhlanganiswa.

Yiziphi?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-yamaholo okuyizimpawu inkampani thwi ihlanganiswe - kuba kwangaphakathi noma nabangaphandle. Lesi sakamuva izimfuneko ahlukahlukene ebekwa abanye izici olukhethekile isakhiwo semakethe lemboni ezithile amaqembu okungase kube khona noma ekhona kakade, kanye zonke izinhlobo zezenzo okumele zithathwe amafemu besebenza kukho.

Umqondo ukuhlanganiswa mpo futhi inikeza zokwehlukanisa ezenzeka ngaphandle ngezigaba ezimbili - non-amasu futhi amasu. Nonstrategic kunqunywa kuncike izici izimboni ukuthi akuzona encike ngqo kwi umsebenzi wenkampani. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zokuvulwa amasu izimfanelo isakhiwo emakethe futhi zingahlanganiswa ngenxa umsebenzi izinhlangano.

Icacisa izici non-amasu wemakethe - kuba:

• umthamo kanye saturation;
• ezomnotho ;
• lokuhlushwa abathengi kanye nabathengisi, esungulwe okwamanje;
• kuyaqina isidingo;
• degree of nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda;
• mncintiswano angaphandle;
• izithiyo zokuphatha;
• izimo zomnotho jikelele;
• izindleko kuthengiselana.

Uma sikhuluma ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza amasu emakethe, manje-ke nakhu kakade emananini:

• Ngentengo nezinye izinhlobo nokubandlulula;
• ubunjalo kanye degree of ukuhlanganiswa;
• izenzo esihleliwe izinkampani;
• khona izimbangi ezingase zivele;
• izenzo yizinkampani ukuze kukhawulwe ukungena emakethe.

ezishukumisa kwangaphakathi kwanoma iziphi izinzuzo ezingase zibe futhi okuyilo inkampani uthola emva usebenzisa uhlobo oluthile ukuhlanganiswa. izinzuzo zangaphakathi ukuhlanganiswa ukuthi ithole OAO "Gazprom" nezinye izinhlangano kanye isakhiwo esinjalo kungaba umphumela nokuxhumana ngempumelelo amalungu amaningana iqembu, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ungaboniswa ezihlukahlukene izinguquko emakethe kwesakhiwo ukuthi mahle inhlangano.

Izinzuzo nezisusa

Umnotho Russian, okuyinto ubuswa izinhlangano ezinkulu ezifana OJSC "Rosneft" kanye nabanye, libhekene ukuthambekela maqondana ukuhlanganiswa mpo, okuyinto empeleni ingenye amafomu eyindida kunazo zonke. izinkampani ngokumile ihlanganiswe akuzona kuphela yonke emihle nemibi amabhizinisi ezinkulu, kodwa futhi babe imithetho yabo nentuthuko.

Ngenxa ibhizinisi inhlanganisela ( "Lukoil", njll) kuhlinzekwe yinkampani ezingeni ohluke ngokuphelele ukulawula ngokungisiza ukusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene ongakhetha for the kusebentisana izithakazelo, izenzo nezisusa ekuphathweni abahlanganyeli ezahlukene inhlangano, ngaleyo ndlela evula amathemba sangempela asebenzayo nokwandisa umkhiqizo nekghono.

Ikakhulukazi, kuba nokwenzeka ukuthi abelane ngolwazi ezahlukene zamasu, kanye nokwethulwa ezintsha kunoma yiziphi izingxenye ekugcineni kuholela Chile oqondile lonke isakhiwo iyonke.

ukuhlanganiswa Kuqondile, okuyinto esetshenziswa "Lukoil" inkampani nezinye izinto ezisikhathazayo, kuholela yokuthi inkampani iqala ingasaphathwa sincike abasabalalisi noma abahlinzeki. Isidingo ukukhula njalo ukuzimela lenhlangano kusuka imvelo yayo yangaphandle efanele ikakhulukazi ezimakethe ashukumisayo, lapho kukhona inqwaba abathengi kanye nabathengisi, kanye kusilela kwezinsiza ezithile.

Lezi izindlela ukufeza isivikelo nangobudlova phezu ingxenye abahlinzeki, ezifana ukwanda ezikhona, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo esikhundleni, umsebenzi nenqwaba abalingani ahlukahlukene kanye nabanye, akusiyo njalo kungenzeka ukuba igama izindleko hhayi kuphela ngempumelelo, kodwa futhi ngokuvamile namaqiniso ngokuya kokusebenza. Izinkampani eziningi ezingenziwanga kuhlanganiswe umhlinzeki we izici ezidingekayo zokukhiqiza babhekana isidingo ukumisa umsebenzi noma nini funa idlula ukunikezela izinto ezifana noma umphakeli nesithakazelo ukushintsha imigomo yenkontileka. Kule ndaba, izinhlangano ezinkulu, kuhlanganise Open Society "Gazprom", usebenzisa isakhiwo ukuhlanganiswa mpo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwamukelwa kwenkolelo-ze izinkampani izixazululo ukumaketha eziye bebengakaxoxi ihlanganiswe futhi akanandaba ukuqaliswa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ibhizinisi elithile, uyohlale ukudala ingozi abanye overstocking futhi ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa underutilization wekhono ukukhiqizwa, kuphumele ukukhiqizwa ekugcineni nje iba engazinzile.

inhlangano Kuqondile izinhlangano ezisebenzisa ye "Rosneft" nezinye izinkampani, evumela ukusetshenziswa izikimu kuphumelela kangcono beqhuba ukuhweba yasekhaya, kanye ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa kahle yokusungula, kanjalo unqobe ngokuphelele obumbi yokuthengisa esikuziphathimandla zobuchwepheshe. inzuzo Rapid izimali ukunciphisa ukufunwa ukubolekisa okudingekayo ukuze ubuyise kokusebenza, kanye nokusiza ukufeza kukuthenga inzalo ikhokhelwa.

Ziyini izingozi?

Kuqhathaniswa emakethe ubudlelwano ejwayelekile ukuthi akhiwa phakathi kwabalingani ezimele, umqondo ukuhlanganiswa mpo sihlinzekela ukuncishiswa izindleko kuthengiselana, okuyinto awasebenzi kuphela izinkampani emakethe nokudidiyela, kodwa futhi ukuba ingozi ithuba nedatha quin futhi ezithile kwempahla ngokucacile.

Ingozi ukuziphatha ezingosomathuba by the counterparties ezahlukene sengathi ngokuhamba ukukhiqizwa, okuyiwona akukho incazelo ecacile yokuthi ifunwa esizayo, noma uma ungeke athuthuke inqubo ezilandelwayo inkontileka wondle izinguquko ongathandeki imvelo kwezomnotho zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.

amafa ethize

Kwempahla Specific zibangelwa ukutshalwa ethize: ayikwazi ukuguqula izimpahla ezifana ngenjongo ukusetshenziswa ngokwengeziwe noma iyiphi enye injongo noma yinoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzisi, ngaphandle kokudala ukulahlekelwa ngokwesikhundla ukukhiqizwa. Ukuba khona kwabo kunomthelela ukuvela ezimbili indlela ithemba, okuholela ezinye yezinkinga ukusebenzelana okuhilela izivumelwano. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba baqonde kahle ukuthi ngokucacile amafa kungenzeka ngezindlela eziningana, kuhlanganise njengoba eyisisekelo kungenza ukuhlukanisa izici ezihlukahlukene indawo, capital womuntu, izici zobuchwepheshe kanye nokutshalwa okubhekiswe.

Imininingwane kulesi sakhiwo

Ngokucacile indawo kuphakama lapho umthengi yezici ezihlukahlukene ukukhiqizwa futhi wayo elise ngokwanele eduze komunye nomunye, kanjalo kakhulu ukunciphisa izindleko adingekayo isitoreji kanye zokuhamba, ngenxa yalokho-ke kuholela baxhashazwe okwedlulele amafa. Ngo iyehlisa zokuthutha izindleko futhi aqede isidingo Ukushisa ezengeziwe of okuhlinza njengesibonelo, imboni steel, lapho ukuhlanganiswa of ukuncibilika ehlukahlukene ugingqe. Ngokufanayo, nokubekwa izitshalo amandla eduze ngokushesha ilahle izimayini indawo kakhulu kwandisa umnotho ibhizinisi zokuhamba izindleko.

Ngokucacile izici ezihlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe kuzibonakalisa kunjalo lapho amaqembu kuthengiselana eyodwa noma ezimbalwa imali amafa eziphathekayo kokuba izici engavamile zobuchwepheshe takhi. Ekugcineni, ngenxa ukutshalwa kwezimali ezifana kakhulu ziyancipha kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa okunye kwemithombo yezinto.

I ngokucacile of capital womuntu kuwumphumela imali i abasebenzi ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphathwa inkampani thwi ihlanganiswe ungahlinzekela ukuqeqeshwa njalo imininingwane yalolu umkhakha, amakhono ukusebenzisana nokuqonda ezintsha zobuchwepheshe.

ukutshalwa kwezimali Target zenziwa umphakeli uma ebona ithemba langempela lokuthi imali enkulu imikhiqizo luzoqala ethize kumthengi. Endabeni ekunqanyulweni ngaphambi yesivumelwano, ngokulandelana, umphakeli izohlala ubuningi ukukhiqizwa umthamo.

izingozi ezingase zibe khona

Umsebenzi izinkampani ezikhiqiza noma ukusebenzisa kubhizinisi, zonke izinhlobo amafa, kuyahluka izingozi ezithile ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ekhethekile, kodwa izingozi ezinjalo, okuyinto zibangelwa ungabazane supply imikhiqizo, kanye ukuntuleka yini ithuba lokuphinde kabusha ukuphrofayela umthamo production ukuze ingasetshenziswa ezinye ukusetshenziswa okunye.

Ngisho noma izingozi lingekho ngokuphelele kolwazi quin nokungaqiniseki, izinkampani thwi ihlanganiswe eRussia nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile zinezikhathi kokuba encishisiwe izindleko kuthengiselana, ngenxa nokudidiyela emakethe. Kunoma emakethe ukuncintisana, umthengi yezici ezihlukahlukene ukukhiqizwa futhi umdayisi kufanele uchithe imali eningi ukuthola nomunye, futhi esiphethweni eyalandela ukulawula ukukhishwa eziningi izivumelwano ezihlobene. Ngemva kwalokho, umthengi yezici ezithile ukukhiqizwa liphenduka umthengisi umkhiqizo wokugcina, futhi manje isisezweni kakade kudingekile ukwaba izimali ngoba ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Uma sicabangela inkampani kuhlangene, njengoba ukwenza zikawoyela thwi ihlanganiswe, nabanye abaningi, ekugcineni ukuhlala kuphela ukuthengiselana ezihlobene yosesho kanye kokulandela yesivumelwano ngokumelene lomthengi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.

kungenzeka yi

Ngemva ukwethulwa ukuhlanganiswa mpo futhi kwehlisa izindleko ingqikithi umkhiqizo wokugcina, njengoba kunciphisa nezindleko ukuthatha isinyathelo izici ngokubhekana nezinkinga ezihlobene okuthiwa marzhinalizatsiey double futhi premium double. Izindleko ukonga, okuyinto kuyahluka ukudayiswa uphethiloli kanye neminye imikhiqizo ngesimo ukuhlanganiswa mpo ivumela inkampani kakhulu ukwandisa ifomu ayo khona emakethe. Okokuqala, kungaba sifinyelele amanani aphansi imikhiqizo yabo, futhi ethola inzuzo ephakeme kusuka intengo emakethe i usumisiwe. Yingakho "Rosneft" (refueling) kanye nezinye izinhlaka ezifanayo zinezikhathi yamandla aphezulu emakethe uma iqhathaniswa nayo ebingabusebenzisa ezahlukene, kodwa okusekelwe share yayo kule makethe.

Izinzuzo izinkampani

Izimbangi ukufinyelela ezimakethe ezahlukene imikhiqizo Lesisemkhatsini lilinganiselwe ngenxa yokuthi ukholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi akunakwenzeka noma kukhona kwezimo ezingezinhle for isiphelo sesimiso izivumelwano nezinkampani ukuthi ehlangana zibe isakhiwo ehlangene. Ezimakethe ultimate "Rosneft" imikhiqizo (refueling) kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezisebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa mpo, libhekene izinzuzo eziningi, okuyinto zibangelwa khona isixazululo ethize lenkinga "nesabelo double", ukunciphisa izindleko transaction kanye nezinye izinto eziningi. izindleko encishisiwe ukwandisa isikhundla ukuncintisana kwenhlangano, futhi ngokulinganisa futhi ukukhulisa izithiyo entry kule mboni noma iyiphi inkampani entsha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezithile ukuhlanganiswa mpo ivumela ukuhlanganisa ezingeni ngokwanele eliphansi lokuhlushwa umkhiqizo wokugcina emakethe ngezinga kahle eliphezulu of ukulawula amandla, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ekunciphiseni yokucindezela izikhulu ezihlukahlukene ukuphoqelelwa e antitrust.

Okumbi emakethe

Ngokuqondene nalokhu singasho ukuthi imiphumela lokho kusho ukuhlanganiswa mpo, axutshwa. Njengoba kungenzeka isibonelo ezithathwe inkampani efanayo "Rosneft", okuyinto kulolu hlangothi, ichaza lo mkhuba phansi e izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi yingakho amanani, kodwa ngakolunye - inamandla emakethe eside futhi kukhulisa monopolization.