Inganekwane "Ivan Tsarevich". The main izinhlamvu, incazelo, isifinyezo

U-Ivan Tsarevich - sonke esaziwayo futhi othandekayo kusukela umlingiswa wobuntwana. Ukuba yiqhawe elikhulu lenani elikhulu lemicimbi yemilingo, ngokungangabazeki, kuthonya izenzakalo, ezihlangene ezindabeni zabo. Iqhawe eliyinkimbinkimbi lenza indaba ye-folkloric iyithakazelisayo ngenxa yokusheshisa komlingiswa wayo kanye nokuzikhethela kwenkulumo. Yiziphi izenzakalo u-Ivan Tsarevich? Ngokuqinisekile, ngesigamu sabo esihle. Isishwankathelo salezi zindaba, umthwalo wabo we-semantic, umqondo nomlayezo, kanye nezinto ezithile zesithombe sendodana kanye namanye amaqhawe, kuzokuxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni esinikezwe.

Umlingisi oyinhloko wezingoma zaseRussia

Abaningi banesithakazelo kulo mbuzo: ngubani futhi lapho esungulwa u-Ivan Tsarevich? Njengoba kungase kubonakale sengathi kukhona umlingiswa, umlingiswa usemncane, ngoba wangena ngokuqinile emaphepheni nasezintabeni kuphela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Engenwe ngabantu, waba ngumuntu wakhe, uphawu. Lesi sibonelo ngumuzi ojwayelekile kunawo wonke uVanya Ivan, lapho uhlamvu lwama folkloric lithatha kokubili izici ezinhle nezimbi. Ngokuvamile uyiso sonke indodana yesithathu yompristi-inkosi, kwezinye izindaba umlingiswa unabodade abathathu, wenza imisebenzi emithathu, kathathu ulwa nokulwa nobubi. Ukuphindaphinda okuphindwe kathathu emlandweni wezindaba "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf", "I-Frog Princess" kanti abanye abahambi ngengozi. AmaSlav ayezinombolo ezintathu ze-sacral, ezifanekisela ukuthuthukiswa, ukunyakaza, umsuka, imvelaphi, ukuvumelana. Ezindabeni zobuhle, kubonisa ukuthi awudingi ukuyeka, uma into engatholakali okokuqala: UNkulunkulu, njengoba uyazi, uthanda u-trinity. Kunalokho, kubalulekile ukuqhubekela phambili, ungayeki, ungapheli amandla.

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, u-Ivan Tsarevich - ukufaniswa kwabantu baseRussia. Lo mlingisi uhlale ehle: ulwa nokubi, usiza ababuthakathaka, usindisa umhlaba enyoka enomlilo elandelayo noma engapheli uKoshchei. Futhi uthola njalo umvuzo wazo zonke izenzo zakhe ezinhle: isihlalo sobukhosi, umbuso, umfazi omuhle, ihhashi lomlingo, izinto eziyigugu. Ngezinye izikhathi unobuthakathaka ngendlela yokungabaza, ukungalaleli. Kodwa amanye amaqhawe ambuyisela endleleni yeqiniso, njengoba kuboniswe yisaga esivela emlandweni "Ivan Tsarevich noGrey Wolf": "Ngithathe ihhashi - ungasho ukuthi akuyisimungulu." Yile nkulumo ukuthi lesi silwane siphendule ku-hero ngezikhalo zakhe ngenxa yokuphulwa kokuvinjelwa: bathi, uma kukhona okuqalile kakade, ungayeki, ulethe lolu daba ekugcineni ngaphandle kokukhala okungadingekile. Ngendlela, i-Ivan Tsarevich ingaba ngumlingiswa omubi: ukukhohlisa nokubi. Khona-ke uyaphikisana nabafowabo noma indodana yakhe yokudoba. Ekupheleni kwendaba, umlingiswa omubi uhlala ehlazeka futhi ejeziswa ngokufanele.

Kungani isiwula?

Noma iyiphi inganekwane ifundisa okuhle nezwe. U-Ivan Tsarevich, ekubeni omunye wabalingiswa bakhe abakhulu, ngokuvamile uba ngumzimba wokwenyama nobuqotho. Kodwa uvame ukuvezwa yisiphukuphuku: ukungenangqondo, ukuphazamiseka, ukungathandeki. Isibonelo, uP. P. Ershov wachaza ngokuphumelelayo lesi sici sikaVanya ku "The Humpbacked Horse": "Ubaba wayenamadodana amathathu. Omdala wayehlakaniphile. Isilinganiso sasinjengaleso. Omncane wayengumuntu oyisiwula nhlobo. " Kodwa ngendlela yemilingo, ubuwula buka-Ivan obuletha kuye injabulo yangempela, ukunqoba, impumelelo. Konke ngoba iziwula ezivame eRussia zibiza abantu abaqotho, abavulekile nabalungile. Ngeke bakhohlise, bakhohlise, baye ebugebengu - ukupha okunjalo komphefumulo akuqondakali kuma pragmatists. Kodwa bakhohlwa mayelana nokukhokha kanye nomvuzo wezenzo. U-Ivan uthola ingcebo nenjabulo ngemizamo yakhe, noma ngabe uyisiwula.

Kukhona inguqulo eyodwa ngaphezulu yale nickname. Izazi-mlando kanye ne-anthropologists bathi okhokho bethu, amaSlav, baqamba isiko lokunikeza izitha ezenzisayo egameni. Bakholelwa: ngezingqinamba ezingalungile bavikela ingane yabo ebubini nasezinhlungwini. Isiteketiso saba yinto enhle. U-Ivan uyamangala ngempela ngezenzo zakhe zobuwula. Vumelana, uzofuna umlobokazi olahlekile noma Inyoka efihliwe, akazethembi engqondweni, kodwa ngokufunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mlingiswa uvame ukuqonda, olula futhi ongenangqondo, ongakhulumi ngokuhlakanipha kwakhe. Kodwa ekugcineni uhlala emanzini akhe, ngokungafani nabafowabo "abahlakaniphile".

Umlingiswa ka-Ivan Tsarevich

Kuhle. I hero of inganekwane Ivan Tsarevich ngumuntu onomusa. Uyabasiza abanye ngokungathandeki, angacabangi ngezinzuzo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uyakwazi ukugcina isithunzi sakhe, ukuphendula imibuzo kaBaba-Yaga ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kokungaqondisi kahle, ngobuqili. Njengokuthi, udla kuqala futhi ulale, bese sizoba nezingxoxo. U-Ivan akasamesabi, usheshe uthathe isinyathelo ezandleni zakhe, ebonisa ubunzima bomlingiswa. Umlingiswa unezici zobunikazi, njalo uyazi ukuthi ukubuza nini, nokuthi nini ukuyala.

Isithombe sika-Ivan Tsarevich ezindabeni zezinganekwane sishintshwa ngemuva kohambo alufezile. Futhi lokhu akumangalisi. ERussia yasendulo, njengakwamanye amasiko, ukuhamba nokuzungeza emhlabeni wonke kuwuphawu lokuhambela, umkhuba ongcwele. Ngesikhathi uhambo umuntu ehlaselwa ezingozini, izilingo, ukufunda ukuhlakanipha nokubekezela. Ngakho-ke, ebuyela ezweni lakubo, uhlala ekhulile, ehlakaniphile, ecabanga okuthakazelisayo nokuqala. Ngemuva kohambo, uVanya uyashintsha kakhulu. Njengoba ethola izimfanelo ezinamandla kulo mkhankaso, uyazigcina. Manje usebenzisa kahle amandla akhe nokuhlakanipha kwakhe, mayelana namathuba angakaze asole.

U-Ivan namakhosazana akhe

Ake siqale ukudala uhlelo lwesimo sezinganekwane. U-Ivan Tsarevich uhlala kuqala - akajabuli, ulele esitofu. Khona-ke izenzakalo zikhula kuye ngokuthi inkinga, isibonelo: usongo lukaKoshchei, ukuthunjwa komlobokazi, umyalo kababa-inkosi. Ukuqedwa kuyilwa nemimoya emibi. Futhi indaba iphela ngokunqoba kokuhle noka-Ivan ngokwakhe. Isakhiwo cishe sinjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa umlingisi oyinhloko angahluka.

Ngokwezimfanelo zakhe zobuntu, leli qhawe libuye lamukele umakoti:

• U-Ivan ungumphuphi. Kuthulwe inganekwane "Elena the Wise." Kubonakala kuphakade, idlala ihabhu. Kumelwe kube ngu-Elena ohlakaniphileyo, owathi enengqondo futhi ohlakaniphile, othethelela ukuzimisela komyeni wakhe okuhle, ubheke ngeminwe yakhe.
• U-Ivan ulahlekile. Kuboniswa ku "The Princess Frog". Izwe laseRussia libanzi, kepha umcibisholo walo uwela emanzini amakhulu. Umlingisi onjalo udinga uVasilisa oMhle, ongeyena omuhle kuphela kodwa futhi ohlakaniphile. Ngenxa yengqondo yakhe eguquguqukayo, akaphumelelanga kuphela ngokuphumelelayo nezimo ezingathandeki yena, kodwa futhi uyasindisa umyeni wakhe.
• Ivan the Good-Natured ("Marya Morevna"). Uhlanganyela isonka nabampofu futhi usindisa izilwane. Umfazi oqinile uyadingeka kumuntu obengumfazi omncane kanye nomfazi othandekayo. Lona nguMary Princess, owesifazane oqinile futhi onamandla othanda.

Izithombe zesifazane zihambisana nomlingisi oyinhloko, "zigcwala" ngalezo zimfanelo, ukungabi khona kwakhe okwenzayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuvumelanisa kudalwe endabeni yezinganekwane: esakhiweni salo nasebuhlotsheni phakathi kwabalingiswa.

"Ivan Tsarevich noGrey Wolf"

Ubani abalingiswa abakhulu balendzaba, kubonakala kuphela kusuka egameni ngokwayo. Ingulube yokukhuluma ingenye yezinhlamvu eziyinhloko, okwenza le nganekwane ingabi imilingo kuphela, kodwa futhi iyingxenye "yezinto eziphilayo". Indaba ilandisa ngomndeni lapho kunenkosi namadodana akhe amathathu. Izindlalifa azikhuthazi nje kuphela uthando lukayise, kodwa futhi ilungelo lokuthola emva kokufa kwakhe isihlalo sobukhosi kanye nengcebo. Kuze kube sekugcineni, ngenkathi egcwalisa umyalelo womzali, bazama ukubamba i-Firebird, engene engadini yabo. Abakwazanga ukubamba ubuhle bezintambo endaweni, bahamba bemfuna. Omncinyane, u-Ivan, uhlangana neGrey Wolf, odla ihhashi lakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isilwane siqala ukukhonza isikhulu, sigcwalise izabelo zakhe: okokuqala iba yi-Firebird, khona-ke i-golden-horse no-Elena the Beautiful. Ngendlela, lo wesilisa naye wayala ukuba abonise umpristi ongenalutho. Ngeshwa, abafowethu-ngomona bethengisa u-Ivan, bathatha kuye indodakazi yenkosi noMlilo. Kodwa impisi iza ukusiza ngaphandle kokubambezeleka kancane - konke kuya endaweni.

Indaba ethi "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf" ingenye yezidume kakhulu eRussia. Ngezisusa zakhe badutshulwa amakhono namabhayisikobho, ukusebenza kwenziwa. Ngisho nezithombe ezidwetshiwe: isibonelo, isithunzi sobuciko seVasnetsov ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo. Umlingisi oyinhloko - impisi - iboniswa lapha ngakwesokunene: uthembekile, uthembekile futhi uhloniphekile. Kodwa abazalwane, nakuba beyigazi lobukhosi, baboniswa njengabalingiswa ababi: abaqaphele, abanomona. Abafuni ukubonakala njengabalahlekile phambi kukayise, baze bahambe ngokukhohlisa. Indaba yezinganekwane ifundisa abafundi iqiniso elilodwa elilula: ukulimaza okubi kubi okufanayo, okuhle kubuye njalo emuva kaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinto ekuphileni okuqhubekayo nokusebenza: ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukusebenzisa ubuqili nokuhlakanipha.

"I-Frog Princess"

Umlingisi oyinhloko, okuyinto esethula ngayo le nganekwane, ngu-Ivan Tsarevich. Okuqukethwe okufushane kwalesi sihloko kujwayelene ngamunye wethu kusukela ebuntwaneni. Ekuqaleni, umlingisi oyinhloko ubonakala elahlekile: umcibisholo wakhe uhlasela inhlanzi, futhi uphoqeleka ukuba ashade ne-frog. Kodwa empeleni wayenenhlanhla kakhulu. Kwabe sekuthi umkakhe - uVasilisa owayenomkhosi omuhle. Uhle, futhi uhlakaniphile kakhulu. Yonke imisebenzi-ukuhlolwa kukaThuar-intombazane yenza ngokuhlakanipha nangesizotha, ihlukumeza udadewabo wakhe-umyeni wabafowethu abadala. Kusobala ukuthi owesifazane ohlakaniphile ongenakwazi ukusiza kodwa abonwe nguKoshchei omubi, oba intombazane. U-Ivan uyahamba ukumfuna: endleleni ehlangana nezilwane eziningi, azisizayo, - ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, i-drake, i-hare ne-bear. Ekuqaleni ufuna ukuwadla, kodwa-ke uzwela futhi unikeza wonke umuntu impilo. Ngoba lezi zilwane ngesikhathi esifanele ziyoletha umsindisi - kuzomsiza ukuba anqobe uKoshchei futhi asindise umakoti.

Njengo "I-Tale ka-Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf," le ndaba isifundisa uthando, kuhlanganise nezilwane. Kubonisa ukuthi abafowethu abancane bayakwazi ukusiza ekuphenduleni ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa. Indaba ibonisa ukuthi ububele buhlala buvuza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ububi obukhona - ngendlela kaKoshchei noma eminye imimoya emibi - zizojeziswa ngokufanele. Ukuthobeka nokuhlanzeka uVasilisa kunqobe ukuziqhenya nokugabuka umkhwekazi. Izinganekwane zifundisa ukuthi umuntu ubophezelekile ukufeza umgomo wakhe. U-Ivan endleleni yakhe unqobe ubunzima obuningi, kodwa ukubekezela nenjongo yesikhulu kunenzuzo. Ngenxa yalokho, uyasindisa uVasilisa: baphila ngokujabula njalo.

"I-Tale yama-Apple Juvenile namanzi aphilayo"

Isakhiwo senkundla yemilingo siyinto evamile. "I-Tale ka-Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf" iyafana nale ndaba. Futhi unenkosi namadodana amathathu azama kanzima ukujabulisa uyise. Ubaba, lapho esemdala, wanquma ukuphinde athole ubusha bakhe futhi afinyelele ukungafi. Ukuze afinyelele umgomo wakhe, wayedinga ama-apple amancane namanzi aphilayo. Futhi wathumela bani emkhawulweni omkhulu wombuso? Yiqiniso, izindlalifa. Ekuqaleni, umfowabo omdala, uFyodor, waya kumfuna, kodwa wakwazi ukuthathwa intombazane enengqondo neyengqondo. Khona-ke inhlanhla yanquma ukuzama indodana eyiphakathi, uBasil, kodwa wahlupheka ngokufanayo. Ngasemncane, kusukela enhlobonhlobo yesiwula sangempela, kwakungekho ithemba. Kodwa uBaba wayengenakho okunye okumele akwenze kodwa ukunikeza u-Ivan umsebenzi ofanayo.

Isikhulu esinqumeni senza inqumo esihle, ngakho-ke uBaba-Yaga uyamsiza ukuba afike ensimini yemilingo ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kweBlue-Eyes. Khona-ke u-Ivan wathatha ama-apula, wathela amanzi waya ekhaya. Intombazane enezinyosi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibanjwe naye, kodwa esikhundleni sokujeziswa ngokuba, isikhulu samthola ukuthethelelwa nokuthanda kwakhe ngaphezu kwalokho. Endleleni, wabakhulula abazalwane, base bekhaphela isikhulu. Zonke izinsizakalo zakhe zazibekwa izihlobo eziqili. Kodwa inyoni yaseNagai, umngane othembekile kaSineglazka, yamkhulula elasha futhi yasiza ukubuyisela ubulungiswa. U-Ivan washada neSin-Eye futhi waphila ngenjabulo embusweni wakhe. Umqondo oyinhloko "wezinganekwane mayelana nama-apula amantombazane ..." - ukukhohliswa akuholeli kunoma yini enhle. Intsha ayikwazi ukuhlala phakade, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukungafi. Into eyinhloko ukuhlala iminyaka elinganisiwe ngobuqotho nangobumnene. Futhi ngenxa yobugovu, wonke umuntu uzothola lokho okufanelwe khona.

"UMarya Morevna"

Yiziphi izenzakalo u-Ivan Tsarevich? Ngaphezu kwalokhu ngenhla, uhlamvu lukhona emlandweni wemilingo ngoMarya Morevna. Ekuqaleni, ngemva kokufa kwabazali bakhe, unikeza odadewabo ukuba bashade - ngo-Eagle, Falcon noCrow. Khona-ke uhlangana nendodakazi enhle enamandla uMaryou, oshada ngokushesha. Kodwa, ephula ukuvinjelwa kwabathandekayo bakhe, u-Ivan ulahlekelwa nguye - uKoschey omubi uyabamba intombazane. Efuna umkakhe, isikhulu sibhekene nokuhlolwa okuningi, kuhlanganise nokufa. Ukumsiza ukuba eze izilwane kanye nomkhwekazi: ekugcineni, isikhulu sibhekana nemisebenzi kaBaba-Yaga, sinqoba uKoshchei futhi sikhipha uMariya.

Umqondo wezinganekwane yilezi: ukulalela kuyisiqinisekiso sokuphila okuzolile nokuvumelanisa. Ngoba ukwephulwa kokuvinjelwa kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni eziningi. Umlando ufundisa ukuhlonipha, ukubekezela, ukuzimisela - basiza ukubhekana nezinkinga. Ngenxa yalokho, okuhle kuzokunqoba. Into eyinhloko ukukwazi ukuphenduka ngesikhathi, ukuvuma iphutha nokwenza konke ukulungisa okwenziwayo. Futhi ukuze uthole okuhlangenwe nakho okuyigugu, ukuze ungaphinda wenze izinqumo ezingalungile.

"I-Sea King neVasilisa Ihlakaniphile"

Isiqu samaRussia "Ivan Tsarevich neGrey Wolf", kanye nezinye izindaba zemilingo zisitshela ukuthi umugqa phakathi kokuhle nokubi uncane kakhulu. La mabutho amabili ahlangana ngaso sonke isikhathi, anondla. Ngaphandle kokukhanya azikho izithunzi, lo mkhakha wezokugcina uzoletha impilo emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke indaba ethi "I-Sea Tsar ne-Vasilisa the Wise" nayo iveza lo mbono ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo sonke. Litshela ngompristi, owathunjwa yinkosi yamanzi. Ngokunganaki, uthembisa ukunikeza lokho angazi ekhaya. Njengoba inhlanhla ingaba nayo, lena yindodana encane ezalwa engekho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, u-Ivan okhula kancane waya eNkosini yaseLwandle, kodwa endleleni ehlangana nendoda endala eyitshela indlela yokuthola indodakazi encane ye-monster futhi ngaleyo ndlela igcinwe ekufeni.

Ngesinye isikhathi emanzini, isikhulu ngesibindi sidlula ukuhlolwa - simsize kule nkosikazi encane, kamuva eba ngumkakhe. Intsha ibalekela ngempumelelo echwebeni lazo elwandle e-Ivan, lapho ihlala khona ngenjabulo futhi icebile. Lifundisani le ndaba? U-Ivan Tsarevich uphendula ngokuthobeka umfazi omdala, bese elungisa futhi athola iseluleko esibalulekile. Into yokuqala umlando esiletha kithi ihlonipha abadala, ukuhlakanipha kwabo nokuphila kwabo kuzosiza kunoma yiziphi izimo ezinzima. Into yesibili inganekwane ifundisa uthando futhi uyakwazisa umhlaba wakho. Njengoba usutholile konke ezweni langaphandle, mayelana nokuthi uyaphupha, maduzane uzolilalela izindawo zakho zokuzalwa. Ayikho into ethandekayo kakhulu kunama-Motherland kanye nomndeni wakubo.

Iziphetho

Abalingiswa abalungile nabangalungile bahlanganiswe ngendaba yezinganekwane. U-Ivan Tsarevich ezimweni eziningi, iqhawe lihle. Emlandweni we "Crystal Mountain" wakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokufanele izilwane phakathi kwezilwane, lapho avuzwa khona amandla okuphindukuzalwa e-falcon kanye nendiza. Ukuthola amakhono ayisimangaliso, wakwazi ukunqoba inkosikazi futhi wanqoba izinyoka ezimbi. Njengalezo zonke izindaba ezibalwe ngenhla, kule ndaba yezinganekwane ubonisa ukwethembeka, ubulungisa, nobuhlakani bakhe. Ngenxa yezimfanelo ezinhle zobuntu, unamandla ekunqobeni noma yiziphi izithiyo.

Ngakho-ke noma yikuphi inganekwane efundisa abafundi abasha bokuvuleka, ngobuqotho. Izilwane ezimelelwe kuwo ziyizizwe ezifanayo. Ngezithombe zesilwane, amathekisthi abantu abonisa indlela umuntu akufanele aphathe ngayo izihlobo, abangane, ozakwabo, noma nje abangabazi. Noma iyiphi inganekwane ithi ubulungisa buzophumelela ngempela. Kodwa lokhu kuyadingeka ukwenza imizamo, ubonise, ukubekezela nokubekezela. Imicimbi emlandweni ngamunye wemilingo ayikwazi ukuba yinto evamile, kodwa ihlangana ngokujulile nezimo zansuku zonke zokuphila kwangempela. Izithombe ezikhanyayo zisisiza ukuba sibone iqiniso elibuhlungu leqiniso, ukubamba amanga. Bafundisa abantu ukuba basebenze kanzima, banobubele futhi baqotho, baxwayise ngokuhaha, umona nokuphinda.