Ingabe iNingizimu Ossetia iyingxenye yeRussia? Russia yanamuhla

I-Ossetia yaseSouth (i-South Ossetia) isimo esingaziwa seTranscaucasia (eRussia, Abkhazia, Venezuela, Nicaragua noNaura bayaqaphela ukuzimela kweRussia). Inhloko-dolobha yeSouth Ossetia yiTskhinval. Insimu yombuso cishe ngo-3900 km ² .

Amaphethelo aseNingizimu Ossetia

Umngcele waseNingizimu Ossetia neRussia ugijima eduze kweCaucasian flowhed ridge. Ubude bomugqa wamingcele ngu-74 km. Ukuxhumeka kokuthutha neRussia kungenzeka kuphela emigwaqweni emibili:

1. Ngomgwaqo weMamison emgwaqweni wezempi-ossetian. Umzila udlula ensimini yeGeorgia, umngcele uvaliwe ngabalindi bomngcele wamandla amabili.
2. Emgwaqweni omkhulu weTranscaucasian ngokusebenzisa umhubhe weRoki. Esiqondeni seTranscauca, i-checkpoint isebenza njalo. Izimoto ezingaba ngu-1 000 zidlula endaweni yokuhlola nsuku zonke. Abahamba ngezinyawo abavunyelwe ukuwela umngcele. Phakathi kweSouth Ossetia neRussia kusukela ngo-2010, kukhona umbuso wamahhala.

Umngcele wase-Ossetian waseNingizimu-umngcele waseGeorgia ungumngcele waseGeorgia neNingizimu wase-Ossetia. Ngokomthethosisekelo waseGeorgia, umngcele waseNingizimu Ossetia ngokwawo njengenhlangano ehlukene yokuphatha ayikho. UHulumeni waseRiphabhuliki uthatha isifunda sase-South Ossetian Autonomous indawo engabantu abahlala eGeorgia.

Isivumelwano neRussia Federation ekuvikeleni komngcele ovamile

Isivumelwano esiphakathi kwamazwe aseSouth Ossetia-eRussia sinikeza usizo oluvela ohlangothini lwaseRussia ekuqeqesheni abasebenzi kanye nokubhaliswa okuphelele kwensizakalo yomngcele kazwelonke wase-Ossetia. Abalindi border of the South Ossetia basekelwa base baseRussia, okuyinto cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezimbili. I-Ossetia nayo yanikeza insimu yayo impi yamaRussia iminyaka engama-99.

Amadolobha kanye nenhloko ye-Ossetia

Inhloko-dolobha yaseNingizimu Ossetia yiTskhinval, lapho abantu abangaba ngu-30.5 000 bahlala (cishe 57% wabantu bonke) kusukela ngo-2015. Kuphelele kukhona izakhamizi ezingama-53,500 kuleli zwe. Isimo sezenhlalo sishiya okufisa ukufisa: inani labantu liyancipha. Ngo-1989, isibonelo, kwakukhona abantu abangu-98 000 abahlala eNingizimu ne-Ossetia, abangu-42 300 enhloko-dolobha.

Imizi emikhulu eNingizimu Ossetia ka-2015 imelwe yizo zingxenye zokuphatha:

• Ukuhlala kweKvaysa (esifundeni saseDzausky) - abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-6,5;
• Isifunda saseZnaursky - abantu abayizinkulungwane ezine;
• I-Leningor yesifunda - abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-4,2.

Indawo engaba ngu-80% yabantu baseGeorgia kanye nabantu abangu-70% base-Ossetian baba ababaleki ngemva kwemicimbi ka-Agasti 2008. Ekupheleni kuka-2009, abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-1.2 kuphela abavela emakhaya abo abangaba ngu-50 000.

Ukubunjwa kwezinhlanga zombuso

Abantu bezwe banezi-Ossetians, iziGeorgia nezinye izizwe: eNingizimu yase-Ossetia baphile amaJuda, ama-Armenia, amaRussia. Njengephesenti, ukubunjwa kobuzwe bezwe kuboniswa ngamaqembu anjalo:

• Ama-Ossetians akha 69.07% inani labantu;
• I-Georgians - 26.94% yazo zonke izakhamuzi;
• AmaJuda athola i-2.04%;
• AmaJuda aseGegorgia akha i-1.99%
• Ama-Armenia - 1.57% kubo bonke abahlali;
• I-0.18% yamaRashiya ihlala ezweni.

Ukusebenzisana kolimi kwabantu

IsiRashiya nesi-Ossetian ziyizilimi zombuso eSouth Ossetia. Ingabe i-Ossetia yaseNingizimu neyaseRussia uma ulimi lwesizwe lweRussia Federation lusezingeni elifanayo nelulwimi lwase- Ossetian kuleli zwe? Naphezu kokuthi ngo-Novemba 13, 2011 kwaba khona ukuvakasha kokunikeza isimo sezwe ngolimi lwesiRussia kanti 84% izakhamuzi zakhuluma kahle, kwakungekho inhlangano esemthethweni yezifunda zaseRashiya nase-Ossetian.

Zonke iziteshi zomsakazo ze-TV nezomsakazo ezisakazwa ngesiRashiya, amaphephandaba namamagazini ziphrintiwe ngolimi lombuso we-Russian Federation. NgesiRussia, imfundo iqhutshwa kuzo zonke izikhungo zemfundo zezwe. Ngo-Ephreli 5, 2012, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emva kokubheka, iPhalamende Yombuso yadlulisa umthetho "Ngezilimi Zombuso". Kakade ngo-June 6, 2012 isenzo sezomthetho sokulawulwa samukelwa, futhi isiRussia saba umbuso wesibili.

Ubudlelwano be-South Ossetia ne-Russian Federation

Igama elithi "ubudlelwane baseRussia nabase-Ossetian" buqondwa ngokuthi ubuhlobo bomnotho phakathi kweSouth Ossetia neRussia. Namuhla, iRussia ingumlingani oyinhloko wase-Ossetia emaceleni ezombangazwe, ezomnotho nezempi. Ukusebenza komnotho wezwe kuncike kakhulu ekusizeni ngokuqondile eRussia.

Ngo-Mashi 2015, isivumelwano sokuhlanganiswa okujulile sakhiwe futhi sabhaliswa phakathi kwamazwe. Lo mbhalo wanikezwa ukwakha umbambano wezempi. Ngaleso sikhathi, iGeorgia yayingakaqapheli ukuzimela kweSouth Ossetia futhi yayibheka insimu yezwe elithathwe amabutho aseRussia.

Ukubambisana kwezombusazwe, umnotho, ibutho lempi

Ngonyaka ka-2015, isivumelwano sisayinwe, ngokusho ukuthi iRussia neSouth Ossetia inikeza kanjani isikhala esisodwa sokuvikela kanye namasiko. Ukuwela kwemingcele kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqalisa ukusebenza kwesivumelwano kwenzeka ngaphansi kwenqubo eqondisiwe. Futhi, inqubo yokuthola isakhamuzi saseRussia kubahlali baseSouth Ossetia iye yenziwe lula. I-Russian Federation ixhunywe kumshuwalense wezempilo kanye nokwakhiwa kwezimpesheni zezakhamuzi ze-Ossetia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sivumelwano sibonisa ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwezempi ngokumelene nombuso owodwa kuzobhekwa njengesihluku sempi emazweni amabili.

Ngemuva kokusayina kwesivumelwano kanye nokubamba iqhaza okubambisana kweRussia emnothweni nasenqubomgomo yeSouth Ossetia emgodini wezombangazwe wezizwe, kuphakama umbuzo ukuthi iSouth Ossetia ingxenye yeRussia. Kule Leonid Tibilov (umongameli weSouth Ossetia) waphendula ngokuphika futhi wachaza ukuthi ngo-2015, bekungekho inkulumo yokuhlanganisa amazwe. Isivumelwano esiphakathi kweRussia neSouth Ossetia asizange sibonwe yiziphathimandla zaseGeorgia nase-US, ngoba babheka isivumelwano esinjalo ukwephula ubuqotho bendawo yaseGeorgia.

I-Independent Independent South Ossetia

Ingabe iNingizimu Ossetia iyingxenye yeRussia? Le nkinga iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iseduze nomakhelwane we-JUO. Ingabe ukuzimela kwashunyayelwa eSouth Ossetia? Ukuze uqonde lesi simo, kubalulekile ukucabangela imvelaphi yezingxabano zaseGeorgia-South Ossetian.

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1990, ubudlelwane phakathi kweGeorgia neSouth Ossetia bangena esiteji sesibhamu. Ngalesi sizinda, ngo-Agasti 2008, kwaqaliswa isinyathelo esiphezulu sempi. Ngenxa yokungenelela kweRussia, ibutho laseGeorgia lashiya insimu yeSouth Ossetia, ngemva kwalokho uhulumeni waseRussia Federation waqaphela ukuzimela kwe-republic. Lesi kwakuyisinqumo esingalindelekile, ngoba iNingizimu Ossetia yabalwa ngokujoyina insimu emazweni aseRussia.

NgoNovemba 2011, ngemuva kokuba iRussia Federation ibone ukuzimela kweSouth Ossetia, ukhetho lomongameli lwaluqhutshelwa e-republic. UVVV Brovtsev waba nguMongameli weRiphabhlikhi. Ngonyaka we-2014, leli zwe likhethwe okhethweni lwephalamende, lapho iqembu elithi "United Ossetia" lathola amavoti amaningi. Abameleli bezombusazwe bafuna iSouth Ossetia ukuba ijoyine iRussia. Kodwa emva kokuthola amandla, osombusazwe abakwazi ukufeza "iphupho elidala" lama-Ossetians.

Ngo-June 2016, umbhalo omusha wesivumelwano sokuhlanganisa phakathi kweSouth Ossetia neRussian Federation walungiswa. Idokhumenti yokuqala ibhekane nokukhishwa okugcwele kwezakhiwo zaseNingizimu Afrika zokuqinisa umthetho waseRussia ukuze kudluliselwe umthetho eRussian Federation ngezinqumo eziphathelene nokuvikeleka kombuso wase-Ossetia, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo hhayi ukuphuca ama-Ossetians wokuzibusa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukhetho lokujoyina iRussia Federation alufakiwe futhi izinga lokuhlanganiswa kweSouth Ossetia endaweni yaseRussia lancishiswe kakhulu.

I-Russia yanamuhla kanye nethuba lokuhlanganiswa ne-South Ossetia

I-Russian Federation ibhekene nezigwegwe zamazwe ngamazwe ngokuphendula ukwedluliswa kweCrimea, ngakho-ke manje akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abantu base-Ossetian bafakwe embusweni - lokhu kuzobangela ukugxeka okwengeziwe emphakathini womhlaba, okungaholela ezithweni ezinkulu nakakhulu kamuva. Ngakho-ke, embuzweni othi "Ingabe iNingizimu Ossetia YaseNingizimu YaseYurophu?" Izikhulu ze-RF ziveza ngokucacile ukungavumelani kwemizamo yokuhlanganisa. Ukuqaphela ngokungagwegwesi kweRussia ukuthi akukho buhlobo nombuso wezombusazwe oqhubekayo, kodwa ongekho kahle we-Ossetia South. I-Russia yanamuhla isebenza ngokwengeziwe njengohlangothi olusekela lo mongameli othembekile wase-Ossetia.

Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezizimisele ukujoyina i -Russian Federation?

Izakhamuzi zeSouth Ossetia akuzona kuphela abantu abazimisele ukujoyina i-Russian Federation. Ukwakhiwa okusha kweRussia kwakhiwa ngo-Mashi 18, 2014, lapho inhlonipho yaseCrimea ihlanganiswa ensimini yombuso.

I-Transnistria, isibonelo, yindawo engaziwa futhi ifuna ukuhlanganisa amasimu neRussian Federation. Ngokuvota, okwakubanjwe ngo-2006, 97% izakhamuzi zavotela ukuhlanganiswa. Ngo-2013, umthetho waseRussia wasemthethweni wamukelwa ensimini yezwe. Ngo-Mashi 2014, uMkhandlu oPhezulu we-PMR ufaka isicelo ku-State Duma ngesicelo sokuvuma i- republic engaziwa eRussia Federation , ngoba inabanikazi abangu-40% abanezakhamuzi zaseRussia.

Ngonyaka we-2014, izinhloko zamaDonetsk neziLiphabhulikhi ezizibiza ngokwazo zikhuluma neziphathimandla zaseRussia ngesicelo sehlangano. Phakathi nempi ende, i-Dnieper neRiphabhuliki Yabantu baseJalimane yabhujiswa, futhi kudingeka ukutshala izimali ezinkulu ukwakha kabusha amadolobha. Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni waseRussia akasheshe ukuwafaka ekubunjweni kwawo.