Umphostoli Iakov Zevedeev: Life of Saint

Ukuqala ingxoxo ngoMphostoli noJakobe kaZebedewu ─ omunye wabafundi 12 abaseduze futhi abalandeli bakaJesu Kristu, kufanele silinake ngokungathí yokuthi ngokuvamile kudidaniswe nezinye iTestamente Elisha abangcwele ezimbili, igama ezigugile. Omunye wabo umphostoli Iakov Alfeev, kufakwe nasezindaweni ezizungeze eduze koMsindisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uJakobe wayesikisela ukuba ngokuthi umfowabo kaJesu Kristu ─ indodana kaJosefa, abazalwa ngaphambi isithembiso sakhe eNcasakazini uMariya. Iphutha obonakalayo ikakhulukazi uma ukufunda troparion eSt James kaZebedewu, anikezelwe imithandazo yakhe futhi Akathist.

"AmaDodana Okuduma"

Ngo Evageliyah Mathewu (4:21) noMarku (1:19) ichaza isimo embiza nenkonzo kaJesu Kristu, esikhathini esizayo zabaPhostoli Iakova Zevedeeva, nomfowabo omncane Ioanna Bogoslova. Bobabili, amadodana kaZebedi umdobi futhi njengamanye uyise, ukuze uthole baziphilise, wamshaya amanetha emanzini oLwandle LwaseGalile (igama yesimanje ─ noLwandle LwaseGalile). Ukuze gusty futhi intukuthelo engalawuleki, UJesu wabiza izelamani egameni Bowanergesi, okuhunyushwa lisuselwa olimini lwesiAramu kusho "amadodana okuduma."

Izici Zobuntu basisebenzisa njengeHholo nobuqili igama obungajwayelekile, zivela isiqephu, esichazwa St Luke (9:54), lapho abazalwane uJesu ukumnika bechitha umlilo yasezulwini ku abakhileyo samoryanskogo ngomzana, wamphika izihambi.

Kungokufanayo kungabonakala nakulokho endaweni yesehlakalo kusukela iVangeli likaMarku (10:35 ─ 37), lapho umPhostoli Iakov Zevedeev nomfowabo ucela othisha ongabanika izindawo nodumo embusweni wezulu. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, uJehova kulula phezu ukuklabalasa okungokomzwelo abafundi babo besebenzisa rashness yabo nobumsulwa, njengoba kuyisikhathi isiqondiso esihlakaniphile.

Kanye abaphostoli uPetru kanye noJohane the Evangelist, Iakov Zavedeev kwaba noyedwa kubafundi abaseduze futhi abalandeli bakaJesu Kristu. Lokho He enza them ofakazi izenzakalo ezintathu ezibaluleke kakhulu we Evangelical ─ nokuvusa indodakazi kaJayiru (Mark 5:37.), The ukuguqulwa isimo ngokuyisimangaliso esiqongweni yaseNtabeni iThabori (Mathewu 17 :. 1, Mk 9 :. 2 noLuka 9:28.) Futhi egcwele izigcawu amadlingozi e ensimini yaseGetsemane.

Abashumayeli emfundisweni kaKristu

Mayelana imisebenzi enikelwe zazo ngokwawo Umphostoli Iakov Zevedeev, ngemva Uvuko Ascension likaJesu Kristu, singafunda emakhasini enye incwadi, kufakwe eTestamenteni Elisha. Lokhu "iZenzo zabaPhostoli." Likhuluma indaba yokobana, wagcwala uMoya oNgcwele wehlela phezu Zabaphostoli ngosuku wamashumi amahlanu ngemva kokunyukela kukaJesu (iPentekoste), yena nabanye abafundi bakaKristu abasebenze kwenchubo ye imiphakathi yokuqala yamaKristu.

Ngokuba izwi izwi likaNkulunkulu ukuba ngamunye kubo owamiswa endleleni yakhe. Umphostoli Iakov Zevedeev, okuphila kwakhe kuye ukuthi yalotshwa ngokushesha ngemva kokufa kwakhe, eyingoduso izithunywa zevangeli phakathi abantu baseSpain, kuyilapho aminzisa ebumnyameni zobuqaba. Ukubuyela ke waya eJudiya, umfundi kaJesu Kristu baqhubeka ngesibindi Him njengoba nguMsindisi wezwe, eqinisekisa amazwi akhe izingcaphuno zemiBhalo.

Ukushumayela emasinagogeni zaseJerusalema, wayehlale wabutha izixuku zezilaleli. Abaningi babo, Ngokulalela amazwi akhe ayebhekiswe elula futhi bahlakaniphe kangakanani, siyafika ekujuleni kwenhliziyo, waphendukela lolu kholo olusha ngasese kusukela sabhapathizwa. Kungenxa yokuthi kuwo kamuva athuthukile labo imiphakathi yokuqala lapho ubuKristu we Catacomb Church isibe inkolo emhlabeni ehola.

Ukuphatha sefilosofi umthakathi ebuKristwini

ENtshumayelweni okuyinto isinyathelo umphostoli Iakov Zevedeev okuvame ukubangelwa ukusabela ekuphikisweni ngokunamandla amaJuda adla ngoludala, ngalo ivulekile nobulukhuni abasolwa, pharisaism futhi bengakholwa, amboze ukuzinikela ungumkhohlisi. Ayengenalo ulwazi olwanele emfundisweni ukungena kube nenkulumo-mpikiswano nge isitha sakhe, amaJuda waqasha for ukucabangela imali sefilosofi-umthakathi okuthiwa Hermogenes.

Wayethunywe embuthanweni esikhulu sabantu, agumenti ekuphikiseni izimfundiso ivangeli kuza ezweni likaKristu uMsindisi futhi umbuso wezulu, elinde bonke abalandeli edala eBandleni. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni ingxabano zenkolo Umphostoli Iakov Zevedeev Ngangineminyaka ingxoxo umfundi umthakathi nguFiliphu, owayememezela, ngemva kokuzwa inkulumo ugcwele ukuhlakanipha isitha sabo esikhathini esizayo, wayekholelwa Kristu.

Angizange abaphikelela amaphutha abo futhi Hermogenes. Ekujuleni essence ezijulile imfundiso washumayela ngumphostoli, waphika kakhulu inkolelo wangaphambili, bashisa izincwadi zakhe kanye abangamhloniphi uNkulunkulu, babhapathizwa wayephakathi abasekeli ardent zokholo lobuKristu. Lesi sibonelo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba sibonisa amandla nekhono lokukholisa, lapho uMsindisi awunika abafundi bakhe abaseduze.

Isijeziso umfundi kaKristu

Yayisekelwe Kuyinkolelo-ze Engcwele usitshela nokufel 'ukholo, okuyinto 44 A.D. yayiwumsebenzi owumphumela wawo kwasemhlabeni Iakova Zevedeeva. Izitha umPhostoli oNgcwele, asele abayizithulu izintshumayelo zakhe eziphefumulelwe uNkulunkulu, ukukholisa ababusa lapho izinsuku INkosi uHerode Agripha I wazonda uJakobe ukuboshwa nokulwa ngenxa yokwephula izisekelo wokholo lwamaJuda.

Icala lihlehliselwe u-asheshe futhi engenabulungisa. Isigwebo sentambo umphostoli ngisho izikhathi zokugcina zokuphila, aqhubeka afakaze kwababulali bakhe umsebenzi omkhulu kaJesu Kristu. Bethukutheliswe inkosi, wahosha inkemba yakhe, waquma ikhanda lakhe siqu. Lesi siqephu edabukisayo ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso encwadini "iZenzo zabaPhostoli" (2: 1-4). By the way, Iakov Zevedeev umphostoli kuphela abakufa kwabo kuchazwa nangokuthi iTestamente Elisha.

uhambo lokugcina St James

Okulandelayo Nesiko Engcwele lithi ngemva ekukhishweni izinsalela felukholo ongcwele ayengamakhulu ngemiyalo yezikhulu King Iroda Agrippy ayifake, isikebhe yafakwa namagagasi kahle noLwandle LwaseMedithera. Kodwa iNkosi kabavumelanga kwalasha benganakwa izinsalela of umfundi wakhe.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, bashushiswa i force engaziwa umkhumbi wafika ephephile ogwini of Spain endaweni lapho kanye wezwa izintshumayelo evuthayo Umphostoli uJakobe, waphonselwa ngaphandle amagagasi ogwini. Kube yalala, kufihlakele emehlweni womuntu, emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka.

Ukuqala nokudunyiswa umPhostoli ongcwele

Ngonyaka 813, ngokusho legend, endaweni yakithi wayephila yedwa esitokisini indela-unkom 'idlayodwa okuthiwa Pelayo. Uma wayengumuntu umbono othile ngesimo inkanyezi eqondisa, waveza indlela eya emphongolweni nge izinsalela ngokungabhubhiyo umphostoli. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi waqala ezikhulekelwayo yabo jikelele, futhi 898, abaseSpain INkosi u-Alfonso III ngaphambilini sokwakha indawo emangalisayo okutholakele Church of St James kaZebedewu.

Ngokusho kwamaphepha zomlando walabo besekumelula kuphela ukuma kancane isonto ngasolwandle nokuthi ivulelekile kuwo wonke imimoya, kodwa nokho-ke sase siqalile, futhi ngo Emakhulwini eminyaka alandela leli siko baqhubeka emazweni amaningi obuKristu.

Njengoba isibonelo, isonto eMoscow St. Iakova Zevedeeva emijondolo uhulumeni, kukhulunywa sokuqala esilotshiwe esiphathelene 1620, ie isikhathi wokubusa umsunguli Romanov lwamakhosi ─ eNgophezukonke Mikhail Fedorovich. Ngokuphindaphindiwe kabusha, ngokuvumelana ekushintsheni izici ezakhiwo nangenkathi ezahlukene, wafika kithi njengoba lesikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele bokwakha isonto. Futhi namhlanje kukhona njalo wamuzwa imithandazo futhi Akathist ukuba umphostoli uJakobe kaZebedewu, ogama idili ngosuku iSonto Lobu-Orthodox igubha ku 13 Meyi no-13 Julayi.

Ngaphansi kwesivikelo ongumvikeli

Kodwa emuva Spain. izakhamuzi zakhona kukhunjulwa ukutholakala ngokuyisimangaliso izinsalela futhi umbono, ukuvakashela kanye unkom 'idlayodwa Pelayo, waziwa ngokuthi elula ugu Compostella, okuyinto uhumusha ezisusela olimini lwesiLatin ngokuthi "indawo, inkanyezi." Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu sase sihlala, ukuvula ekugcineni ibe idolobha elikhulu futhi ophithizelayo.

IThe Holy Umphostoli uJakobe liyahlonishwa njengenye umxhasi yasezulwini Spain. isicelo sakhe phambi kwesihlalo sobukhosi ngoBaba osezulwini, angisiza ngokukhethekile abaseSpain ngesikhathi okuthiwa Reconquista ─ emzabalazweni wenkululeko yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia kusukela Arabhu, okwaqala ngo VIII ukuze XV leminyaka. Iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-700 edlule, yangena epini, waqinisa umoya wabo womthandazo eSt James kaZebedewu.

James Indlela

Ngokungafani nezwe Orthodox, amaKatolika ukugubha imemori lokhu saint ngo-July 25 futhi uma lo mkhosi luba ngeSonto, eSpain uzwakalise "uNyaka St James ', ngesikhathi lapho zonke mkhosi abazinikezele kuye yabamba ubukhazikhazi ekhethekile. Nokudunyiswa umPhostoli Iakova Zevedeeva phakathi abaseSpain zande kangaka, ukuthi esikhundleni yokufuna izinsalela libizwa Santiago de Compostela. Kusukela ngekhulu le-XI, kwaba yesibili ebaluleke kakhulu pilgrimage site, kwesibili eJerusalema.

Ngekhulu XX, isiko nokuhambela kwakhe amaKatolika yazuza ngempela ngendlela ethile engavamile. Ukuze kubhekwe pilgrim yangempela kuyadingeka, athe uma efika emzini ukuthola isitifiketi esikhethekile. It ikhishwa kuphela labo abangamakhosi oshona Santiago de Compostela, kuzodlula indlela okuthiwa kaJakobe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, unqobe amakhilomitha 100 ngezinyawo noma 200 ngebhayisikili.

Isithombe Bomphostoli Iakova Zevedeeva e zobuciko

Njengoba, ngokuvumelana Nesiko Engcwele, ezinsukwini kwenkonzo yakhe yasemhlabeni, umphostoli bajwayele ukuthatha uhambo okwengeziwe, elinye lawo kwaba nokuhambela kwakhe e-Spain, amaKatolika, nguye ongumvikeli abahambi. Kule ndaba, abaculi of nangenkathi ezahlukene kuvezwa sama-pilgrim, ebambe esandleni sakhe abasebenzi noma igobolondo i-scallop, Lijamele yamukelwe waya Compostela, okuyinto emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka izinsalela zakhe amanga. It is njengoba ngomfanekiso wakhe njengoba knight ngehhashi ezaziwayo. ukuhumusha okunjalo yesithombe ezihlobene yendima yayo ekuqhubeleni ukuxoshwa Arabhu kusuka Peninsula Pirineyskogo.