Industrial ukuphepha izindawo zezimboni enobungozi: imithetho nezimfuneko

Ngesikhathi ukukhiqizwa zamanje, ngeshwa, hhayi ngaphandle izingozi. Nokho, kunemiyalezo ekhethekile, ukuhambisana okuyinto kungavimbela inhlekelele. Esesizokuhlola eyisisekelo imithetho yokuphepha ezimbonini.

Uhlolojikelele

Ngo-1993, i-International Labour Organization Convention on kuvikelwe izingozi ezinkulu, kuye kwasungulwa umkhakha kanye nezincomo tekuvikela yabo. Isibopho ukuqhuba umsebenzi ukuze kugwemeke izingozi eRussia kulawulwa uMthetho Federal №116 kusukela Julayi 21, 1997 Ukudla kwalo baqinise zezimboni eziyisisekelo imithetho yokuphepha.

ngezigaba

Ngokusho Art. 2 soMthetho njengoba ukukhiqizwa izindawo eziyingozi ibhizinisi baziwa noma yabo esitolo, indawo, amasayithi, kanye nezinye izakhiwo lapho:

1. Kwasetshenziswa ngokuthola, ukucubungula, ukusetshenziswa, ukudalwa, ezokuthutha, isitoreji kanye nokulahlwa kwezinto eziyingozi e eceleni imali ethile. Lezi zihlanganisa anobuthi, kuqhume, ezivuthayo, oxidizing, oluvuthayo nezinye izingxube zamakhemikhali.
2. imishini ezisetshenzisiwe kabani msebenzi kwenziwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu kuka 0.7 MPA noma amanzi Ukushisa lokushisa ezingaphezu kuka 115 degrees.
3. Ezisetshenzisiwe ugibelisa efakwe unaphakade, kanye ikhebula izimoto, ropeways, escalators.
4. Etholwe liyancibilika izinsimbi ayoni futhi ayoni futhi Alloys yabo.
5. izimayini Held, umsebenzi nokunonophala, kanye nemisebenzi ezimweni ngomshoshaphansi.

Kumele ukuthi izikhungo ukuthi awahlobene ne umkhakha, izakhiwo ezivamile ezifana zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo ephakamisa izindlela, imishini yokusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ngamakheshi kanye nezinye design enobungozi.

isizinda normative

Industrial ukuphepha of enobungozi izindawo zokukhiqiza kuhlanganisa izinyathelo ukuze kugwemeke izingozi kanye nezigameko. Umqondo wesibili ukulimala noma ukwehluleka apharathasi lobuchwepheshe, ukuphambuka enchubeni zobuchwepheshe. Futhi lesi sigameko kubhekwa ukuhlukumeza izimfuneko ukuphepha. Ukulawulwa zomthetho ubuciko njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, wenziwa amalungiselelo FZ №116. Ngaphezu imithetho yakhe ukuphepha zezimboni eziqukethwe ezinye izenzo normative le mboni. Uma kukhona eminye amalungiselelo angaphansi ephakeme nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ku ukusetshenziswa mkhuba isivumelwano samazwe we Russian Federation.

Ukuze nezidingo umthetho sisebenza kuzo zonke izinhlangano ukuthi bafeze imisebenzi endaweni akhuluma ngayo, ngaphandle kokubheka indlela yawo ubunikazi. Ezinye iziqondiso, okuyinto ubheke izidingo zokuphepha izimboni ngokuyinhloko imibhalo eziye livunyelwe kwezomnotho, yenhlangano, zomthetho nezinye ukwesekwa ukuqaliswa kwe-kwemibandela yomthetho.

izinyathelo Jikelele

Industrial ezempilo nokuphepha ehilela yemfanelo ethile ngoba abahilelekile kule mboni. Lezi ngokuyinhloko zifaka phakathi izinhlangano enifeza nokuthuma isikhala ukukhiqizwa.

izinhlangano Operating

Enterprises usebenzisa izakhiwo kukhona kumele enobungozi:

1. Have imibhalo egunyaza (ilayisensi) ukusetshenziswa isikhala.
2. Nikeza abasebenzi abasebenzi Uchwepheshe zinengxenye esimila zezimboni ngubani, ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko eziqanjwe.
3. Vumela abantu emsebenzini, ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezidingekayo, ngaphandle kwemingcele yezokwelapha noma contraindications ukuqaliswa.
4. Nikeza ukuqeqeshwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi ephelele kanye nokukhipha izitifiketi ongoti emkhakheni yokuphepha ezimbonini.
5. Hlela futhi afeze ukulawula ngokugcinwa imihlahlandlela kanye nezincomo eyasungulwa umthetho.
6. Abe neziqondiso ezingezinhle futhi ngemibhalo yomsebenzi, olawula imisebenzi isikhungo yokukhiqiza, ziyingozi.
7. Qinisekisa ukuthi khona kanye nokusebenza amadivaysi control kanye nezinhlelo.

izinyathelo

Industrial ukuphepha nokuvikelwa yezabasebenzi zihlanganisa izinyathelo ezithile, ukuqaliswa ongavikela noma unciphise amathuba ezingozi. Le misebenzi ifaka phakathi:

1. Ukunikeza Ubuchwepheshe zezakhiwo, enifeza ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani abakwaziyo, luhlolo amadivayisi lobuchwepheshe kanye nezakhiwo asetshenziswa umsebenzi. Ngenxa yalezi zinyathelo amiselwe imigomo ethile futhi inqubo ngokubamba. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa egunyaza federal esiphezulu umzimba obonisa kokuqondisa kulo mkhakha, noma iziqephu zalo indawo.
2. Ukuvimbela Ukungena into emelela ingozi ka abantu okungagunyaziwe.
3. Balalele izinto egcinwe imiyalelo.
4. Ukuthuthukisa zezimboni ukuphepha isimemezelo.
5. Isiphetho izinkontileka of icala ingozi umshwalense ngoba umonakalo ngesikhathi ukusebenza ukukhiqizwa izindawo, ziyingozi.
6. Ukubulawa oda futhi nemiyalelo kahulumeni isigungu ukulawulwa endaweni akhuluma ngayo, amahhovisi ayo kwesifunda futhi izikhulu ukunikeza ngokuhambisana igunya.

ukuqedwa

Industrial ukuphepha lezinto eziyingozi kuhlanganisa izinyathelo ukubhekana nemiphumela yezinhlekelele. Ikakhulukazi, umthetho ebekiwe:

1. Ukuze sokumisa umsebenzi kule nkampani ye federal isigungu ngokuzimela noma ngaphansi ukuze lokulawula, nezigaba zawo indawo nezikhulu uma kwenzeka izimo eziphuthumayo, ekutholeni izimo ezintsha ezithinta izinga lobungozi.
2. Feza izinyathelo ayisuse imiphumela izingozi kanye kwasendaweni ezizindeni ukusiza izinhlaka zikahulumeni mayelana nophenyo izimbangela sigameko.
3. Bamba iqhaza ekukhombeni izici lobuchwepheshe le ngozi yenzeke ngenxa ngalo, ukuthatha isinyathelo sokulungisa kanye nokuvinjelwa izimo okwalandela.
4. Ukuze afeze ngolwazi olutholakala ngesikhathi umphakathi, iziphathimandla zendawo, iziphathimandla okugada kanye nezinye izinhlangano ogunyaziwe ukuphepha zezimboni ngengozi at simila.
5. Thatha izinyathelo ezidingekile ukuze baqinisekise kuvikelwe ukuphila kwabantu futhi bezempilo bese kuba nengozi.
6. Nikeza ku-kahulumeni isigungu ukulawulwa noma division indawo ulwazi mayelana nenani kanye nezigameko, ku nezimbangela zabo, kanye kuthathwe izinyathelo ayisuse imiphumela kanye nokuvinjelwa PE yansukuzonke.

Industrial ukuphepha zokukhiqiza izindawo: imisebenzi abasebenzi

Izisebenzi lezi amabhizinisi kumele:

1. Athobele imiyalelo neziqondiso lokuvela izenzo zomthetho kanye nezincwadi normative futhi lobuchwepheshe, okuyinto lokubeka izindinganiso zokuziphatha yomsebenzi, izinqubo uma kwenzeka isehlakalo noma ingozi.
2. Dlula isitifiketi futhi ukuqeqeshwa emkhakheni wezokuphepha emsebenzini.
3. Ukwazisa izikhulu esiphakeme noma ezinye ngokushesha ngendlela ebekiwe ngalesi sigameko noma ingozi.
4. Misa okwesikhashana lapho eziphuthumayo kwenzeka.
5. Bamba iqhaza wokuthatha amagadango ukuqeda inhlekelele ezakhiweni zezimboni enobungozi.

Tinhloko amabhizinisi ziyadingeka ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo ezibekwe emthethweni ngokugcina abasebenzi isimo esihleliwe izinyathelo evunyiwe ngokuhambisana imiyalelo kanye nezincomo.

umsebenzi Ukucaciswa

Industrial ukuphepha izindawo zokukhiqiza enobungozi kuhlanganise eliyifa esifike ukuqeqeshwa kabusha abasebenzi. izidingo izimfanelo Ochwepheshe eyasungulwa amalungiselelo zezincazelo umsebenzi, kanye tariff-labafanelekako zemibhalo. Industrial ukuphepha lezinto zezimboni esiyingozi kusikisela ukuthi abasebenzi amakhono athile. Kule ndaba, yakha imithetho ethile ukuze nezigaba ezithile ongoti abasebenza a umkhakha othize. Imiyalelo, owawuthi inikezwa yi ukuphepha zezimboni insiza zezimboni eziyingozi, evunywe amalungiselelo yamukelwa Rostekhnadzor.

Ekuphetheni

Industrial ukuphepha lezinto zezimboni esiyingozi kuhlanganisa izinyathelo hhayi kuphela ngqo ukuvikela labantu kanye nabasebenzi ibhizinisi, kwasendaweni futhi ekucwileni ezikweletini imiphumela izingozi, kodwa futhi ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukutholwa izinhlelo ezithile ukuvikela impahla kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Professionals kudingeka bafunde izenzo udinga ukuthatha lapho eziphuthumayo kwenzeka. Industrial ukuphepha izindawo zezimboni enobungozi inikeza ukulungiswa, kanye nezitifiketi abasebenzi.