Indlela yesikhashana nigweme ukusaphaza - lwemithambo futhi emithambo yegazi

Ukuze ukulimala kanye nezinye ukulimala izitsha zisebenzisa indlela zesikhashana ukuba ukopha. Umgomo - ekulinganiseni isimo isisulu, ukumisa ukulahlekelwa igazi futhi enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukuthutha isiguli esibhedlela ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Amafomu nezindlela ukopha kokuma

Indlela ukuze kunqandwe ukopha is akhethiwe kuye ngokuthi yiziphi imithambo yegazi zilimele, indawo yabo emzimbeni, ngokushesha lo ukopha. Ngu uhlobo ukulimala ihlaba umkhosi:

• Emithambo yegazi.
• Ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni.
• Capillary.
• Mixed.

Ukugxila idatha emitholampilo, sebenzisa indlela yesikhashana ukumisa ukopha:

• ngebhandeshi compressive.
• Ukucindezela esilimele iminwe.
• nokukhama Isiyingi - isicelo a tourniquet noma twist.

Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivamile yokulimala semithambo, ezisongela ukuphila - ukopha kwemithambo yegazi kanye emithambo yegazi.

Izimpawu lwemithambo ukopha

Tourniquet - indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuma yesikhashana opha imithambo wemikhawulo. Kodwa le ndlela ngempela esibuhlungu, njengoba eyeka ngokuphelele kwegazi ezicutshini ngezansi endaweni elinesithunzi futhi uma ingasetshenziswa kahle kungaholela eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile phakathi kwemithambo yegazi kanye ukopha emithambo yegazi.

Izimpawu ezilandelayo kuyagcinwa uma umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi.

• Umbala wegazi - okukhanyayo, okubomvu, enamandla egcwele.
• Igazi igelezela kuzo jerks, okuhambelana ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Uma umonakalo main Umthambo zangena ngokoqobo ishaya umthombo.
• Igazi ukulahlekelwa kuyashesha kakhulu. Ngaphandle ukuhlinzekwa kosizo oluphuthumayo kuya izisulu ungathola ukushaqeka hypovolemic emva kwamaminithi ambalwa. Uma unganqamuki umangozima ke ukufa kwenzeka ngaphakathi 5-10 imizuzu.

Kanjani ukuyeka lwemithambo ukopha

Kukhona izindlela eziningana, avame basuke kuhlanganiswe. Indlela esheshayo yokuma yesikhashana opha i Umthambo - umkhumbi ucindezela umunwe kuya onqenqemeni ngenhla eyisisekelo bone indawo ukulimaza. Ngemva kwalokho, lungiselela zonke izinto ezidingekayo kanye Sigcizelela plait noma twist. Lawa yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ukuyeka okwesikhashana izitsha ukopha igazi e emikhawulweni.

Uma umonakalo isiqu ohlangothini legatsha Umthambo kungenzeka ukuba angasebenzisa ibhandishi ingcindezi.

Ukucindezela isitsha iminwe ezandleni

Lezi zindlela bokumisa lwemithambo ukopha asetshenziswe ukulimala elandelayo semithambo:

• Umthambo Carotid.
• Umthambo Femoral.
• Umthambo Subclavian.
• Umthambo Axillary.
• Umthambo Brachial.

Thumb noma ezine iminwe esandleni icindezelwa ngokumelene umkhumbi onqenqemeni ngenhla endaweni umonakalo ithambo. Pulse ngezansi ngokucindezela kumelwe ingabi. Amaphuzu okudingeka ukuthi ukwazi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuzijayeza ukugxila kuwe noma umlingani wakho.

• I Umthambo carotid icindezelwa ngokumelene yomgogodla ohlangothini amalaka.
• Umthambo Femoral icindezelwa ngokumelene onqenqemeni nethambo lenqulu, e crease imbilapho, clasping impande esitho ngezandla zombili.
• Subclavian Umthambo cindezela phansi, ukubeka esiteji for isithupha esiphezulu ngemuva ingqwababa.
• Yayicindezele ehlombe uma opha eyesithathu phansi ehlombe aphansi. kokucindezelwa iphuzu - ohlangothini engaphakathi ingalo yi biceps.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umunwe ngokucindezela kunzima ukuba afeze isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke ngemva kokumisa ukopha abeke amahanisi noma, uma engekho, spin usebenzisa amathuluzi atholakalayo.

izindlela kokucindezelwa Isiyingi

Nale ndlela kukhona kokucindezelwa we ezithambile izitsha izicubu emkhawulweni. Kwegazi aphansi izindawo Imbondela kuthiwa wayeka ngokuphelele. Ukusebenzisa izindlela ukopha zangaphandle isikhathi ngokufika kokucindezelwa yenkambo isiyingi, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho eyisisekelo.

• Sigcizelela tourniquet endaweni ekhethekile, ngaphandle kwalokho wena kungalimaza izinzwa esitho. Zama ukwenza kube eduze ngangokunokwenzeka isilonda, kodwa hhayi othinta izicubu ezonakele.
• Awukwazi sisebenzise tourniquet e imihlola ukuvuvukala kusayithi isicelo.
• Lawula ubude tourniquet. Akulona amahora angaphezu 1.5 ebusika nehlobo 2 amahora. Namathisela inothi ebonisa Imbondela ngempela isikhathi kokulilungisa ku izingubo isisulu noma ngokuqondile ngaphansi amahanisi.
• Akuvunyelwe amboze izingubo wiring noma ngebhandeshi. Kufanele kube ebonakalayo.
• Ukuvimbela ukulimala ezicutshini ezithambile ngaphansi tourniquet buyela ngebhandeshi, indwangu noma ezinye impahla esithambile.

Beka Yokufaka Isicelo:

• shin Mid.
• Esesithathu engezansi ibhodi lemisindo.
• Esesithathu engenhla ehlombe.
• ngezansi nje maphakathi nawo-ethangeni.
• Impande yalo zokwenziwa ukuba isiqhebezo isiqu.

Technique tourniquet

Izindlela yesikhashana ukopha zangaphandle emikhawulweni imithambo usebenzisa amahanisi ngendlela elandelayo.

1. Ngaphansi tourniquet buyela impahla esithambile.
2. tourniquet Nweba, ithuba lokuqala abeke Friend kuyadamba okwalandela. Ukopha kumele kume ngokushesha ngemva ukunqunywa ngomzuliswano wokuqala, akukho ishayela ngezansi. Nge nokukhama enganele ozokhula stasis emithambo yegazi nezitho zomzimba uphendulela blue.
3. Lapho isetshenziswa impande esitho ku ikhwapha noma emphethweni inguinal ngaphansi tourniquet buyela umqulu ngebhandeshi, ukunikeza Umthambo pridavlivaniya ukuze udumo bony. Tourniquet abeke "eziyisishiyagalombili" ukuvimbela zikuthola beya phansi.
4. Yenza acishe abe mathathu ukuvukelwa silungise wiring.
5. I kubathene finiteness.

Uma ezingaphezu kuka-2 amahora sekudlule kusukela ngosuku ukunqunywa, le tourniquet kumele uyokhululwa imizuzu engu-15 ngaphandle kokuthatha sezitho zomzimba wakho. Ngalesi sikhathi, umfula u occluded ngomunwe. tourniquet Re isetshenziswa endaweni kancane ophakeme kunalowo odlule, futhi isikhathi esifitjhani. Ukulisebenzisa ngokuphindaphindiwe igama a tourniquet singasetshenziswa indlela Hersh - Zhorova. Nale ndlela okuphambene ohlangothini nemilenze buyela protivoupor - ibhasi lokhuni. Ukusakazwa ngaleyo ndlela ngokwengxenye zilondolozwe ngokusemthethweni. Indlela efanayo isetshenziswa ukuba tourniquet phezu Umthambo carotid. Njengoba protivoupora ngokungabi bikho isondo ukusebenzisa isandla ethintekile ngakolunye uhlangothi ngu abaliqukulayo phezulu.

Ngo ukungabikho donsa ejwayelekile usebenzisa tube zenjoloba. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba bafeze Imbondela ecindezela nemilenze twist. Ukuhlubula ndaba okuqinile, wembatha itshali, isikhafu, nebhande lakhe lisetshenziswa indawo efanelekile, xhumana futhi usebenzise induku bebambisana kuze kuze kube kokucindezelwa we Umthambo kanye ukopha. Stick zigxilé esitho usebenzisa ngebhandeshi.

Izimpawu ukopha emithambo yegazi

Izindlela kokuma okwesikhashana opha umthambo ababonakali ngezikhundla kunalezo Umthambo lilimele. I ngopha vein ezilandelayo izici.

• Igazi ageleza ukusakaza bushelelezi.
• Umbala wegazi - cherry amnyama.
• Inani ukopha lingaphansi kuka lapho Umthambo lilimele, kodwa akukho usizo ephula ubuqotho ngemithambo emikhulu kanye nokwenzeka abalulekile ukopha, bafaka umfutho wegazi futhi ukufa kusukela ukushaqeka hypovolemic.

Izindlela ukopha emithambo yegazi

Nge umonakalo omkhulu ngemithambo kungenzeka ngokuqinisekile tourniquet ku izimiso ezifanayo ukuthi ukopha emithambo yegazi. Kwezinye izimo, abeke ngebhandeshi ingcindezi noma esitho eligoqiwe.

Izindlela ukopha emithambo yegazi ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi sigqoka:

1. cindezela okwesikhashana vein, ngokucindezela ngomunwe noma ngokuhudula umlenze ngebhandeshi.
2. Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo isilonda ukotini gauze noma indwangu (c / b, yefilakisi) futhi uvalwe pribintovyvayut.
3. Imilenze ayethe njo.

Ngocingo umthambo futhi nigweme ukusaphaza ngangokunokwenzeka, usebenzisa indlela yokugoba nasemilenzeni. Esikhundleni bend walala roll obukhulu indwangu noma ukubopha esitho ngangokunokwenzeka uzimisele futhi fixed kulesi sikhundla yi imichilo, ibhande, ibhandishi.

Izindlela ezisetshenziswa ukumisa okwesikhashana ukopha ukulimala ebuhlungu ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo. Isisulu usizo lokuqala, usimamise isimo bese uyiswa isibhedlela, lapho ukusebenzisa izindlela kuhlinzwa wokubuyisela ubuqotho izitsha.