Inani labantu base-Udmurtia: ubukhulu kanye kwabantu. Lalolo hlanga ka Udmurtia

Beyond Urals iyisifunda esiyingqayizivele nge isiko esiyingqayizivele kanye nomlando - Udmurtia. Inani labantu esifundeni sika lehla namuhla, okusho ukuthi kunosongo nokulahlekelwa okunjalo buyinto engavamile anthropological njengoba Udmurts. Sitshele mayelana izimo lapho labantu uhlala esifundeni, iziphi izici zayo futhi yiziphi imikhakha yabantu kuleli zwe.

isikhundla ezindawo

Engxenyeni esempumalanga ezintaba zase-Eurasia, ne afanayo yezintaba zase-Ural, elise Isi-Udmurt Republic. Isifunda imingcele Bashkiria, Tatarstan, Kirov esifundeni kanye Perm esifundeni. Republic Square - ayizinkulungwane 42 square metres. km, kuba 57 indawo eRussia ngokuya esifundeni. Udmurtia itholakala e-East European Plain, futhi lokhu kunqunywa sendawo yalo, ikakhulukazi flat nge inamagquma kancane. Lesi sifunda siyindawo ocebile kakhulu kwemithombo yamanzi, lapho kukhona angaba yizinkulungwane 30 amakhilomitha yemifula Kama futhi Vyatka umcengezi. Leli zwe elibuswa nenhlabathi wapheka-podzolic, okuyizinto ngenxa leaching kwenhlabathi abadinga Umanyolo ukusetshenziswa yemikhiqizo yolimo. Inani labantu base-Udmurtia eminyaka ukuzivumelanisa isikhundla salo ezindawo futhi ufunde ukuthi ungawukhipha kanjani umucwana benzuzo kuwo. Ukuba cishe maphakathi Russia uye wavumela lizwe ukuze uthole indawo yayo ukuhweba kanye ezokuthutha ubudlelwane phakathi izifunda.

Isimo sezulu

Udmurtia itholakala maphakathi nezwekazi, kude izilwandle nasolwandle, futhi lokhu kunqunywa sezulu layo - ngokulinganisela ezwekazini. I-annual lokushisa esifundeni 1.5 degrees Celsius. Lapha kukhona yakudala eRussia emaphakathi seasonality. Nge zasebusika ezibandayo, okuyinto sithatha izinyanga ezingu-5, futhi ehlobo hhayi esishisayo ezintathu. Le nyanga yaziwa ngokushisa - July, lapho ikholomu izinga lokushisa likhuphuka i isilinganiso 19 degrees Celsius. Winter iqala maphakathi no-November, isethi efanayo iqhwa. Winter njalo igcinwe Subzero lokushisa, izinga lokushisa ebusuku zingase zibonise lokususa 25. Summer iqala ngasekupheleni May futhi iphela ekuqaleni kuka-September. Ngo-July, emoyeni kungenziwa sekuqala ukufudumala kuze kube degrees 23. bawe ezweni eziningi imvula - 600 mm ngonyaka. Izinkathi ezinemvula eningi kunazo zonke kukhona ehlobo nokuwa. Inani labantu base-Udmurtia wathi kukhona sezulu esihle - azikho yesithwathwa ezinzima futhi ukushisa kwelanga, kanjalo adlulayo ehlobo ivumela sikhule izitshalo ezidingekayo for ukudla.

division zokuphatha

Umphakathi uhlala Udmurtia 25 izifunda zokuphatha namadolobha 5 kwakuwukuthi republic. Inhloko-dolobha ye-republic - Izhevsk. Ezindaweni yezwe 310 nasemizaneni emzini owodwa - Kambarka. Ngamunye kuncike esifundeni has imenenja yayo, obika inhloko-republic.

Inani labantu base-Udmurtia kanye namandla okubakhona yayo

Kusukela ngo-1926, kuyinto unomphela ukuqapha inani izakhamuzi. Kwabe sekuthi ngo-Udmurtia wahlala abantu 756.000. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet republic ethuthuka kancane kancane, okwaholela Dynamics omuhle izakhamuzi eziningi. Ngo-1941 mina wahlala lapha kakade abantu-1.1 million. Iminyaka yempi sezishiye ukwehla labantu esigidini. Kodwa eminyakeni okwalandela, Udmurtia ngenkuthalo ikhula izakhamuzi ezintsha. Ngo-1993, kwakunemikhaya eyizigidi ezingu 1,624 abakhileyo esifundeni. Iminyaka yokushintsha futhi ukulungiswa ngiyikhiphile eziningi nobunzima, futhi Udmurtia iqala ukulahlekelwa labantu. Kuze kube manje, izwe akakwazi ukushintsha mkhuba phansi kunombolo zezakhamuzi. Okwamanje, Udmurtia has 1.5 million abantu.

izici labantu

Udmurtia - ezingavamile for isifunda Russian lapho iphesenti izakhamizi abazibheka isiRashiya, ngaphansana kwezinye izifunda. inombolo Russian lapha 62%, Isi-Udmurt - 28%, AmaTatar - mayelana 7% (kusukela ngomhla ka-2010). I namanye amaqembu abantu bendabuko emelelwa ngaphansi kuka-1%.

Udmurtia labantu iyahluka kwenye izifunda eziningi okholweni lwabo. Abantu bomdabu ndawo babekhuthele namaqaba. Emakhulwini eminyaka 13-14, baba nethonya elinamandla Islam. Kusukela ngekhulu le-16 waqala imizamo yokuqala yokusakaza ubuKristu ezikhonza kula mazwe. Emakhulwini eminyaka 18-19 zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni ezifakelwa izinyathelo amaphoyisa nje. Labantu ayinakho ukumelana sobala, kodwa namanje baqhubeka ukuqhuba inkolo yobuqaba. Kanye nokufika kwalolo kombuso wamaSoviet waqala ukushushiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zenkolo, okuholela ukunakekelwa zenkolo ukuba azungeze esifundeni. Nge ekuqaleni yokwakha kabusha igagasi ukwazi kazwelonke liyaphuma, nalo kuqala inkathi zenkolo search eziyinkimbinkimbi. Namuhla, u-33% sabantu bazichanza ngokuthi iSonto Lobu-Orthodox, 29% bazibheka njengabangaphansi amakholwa, kodwa azikwazi anqume ngalolo inkolo, 19% abakholelwa kuNkulunkulu.

Ukuzinza amathemba ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu inkulumo izinombolo zakule ndawo. Eyokuqala ukuzalwa nokufa. Ngo Udmurtia, izinga lokuzalwa kancane okwandisa, kanye nokushona uhlala cishe zinjalo. Ubude bempilo liyakhula kancane okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-70. Ngo esifundeni kukhona kufuduka negative, okungukuthi, usawoti kancane kwezakhamuzi zawo.

abantu bomdabu

abantu oMdala Udmurtia - lalolo hlanga ka Udmurtia - okukhulunywa ngakho kuqala zemihla ngemihla 5th ekhulwini BC. Izizwe ezihlala endaweni phakathi iVolga kanye Kama, wawukhuluma ulimi Finno-Ugric ulimi umndeni ehlanganisa izakhi zofuzo wezizwe eziningi. Kodwa isisekelo sokuthatheka kumiswa iqembu yobuhlanga waqala Opholi, ezinye izizwe Wengeze genotype futhi isiko Udmurts. Namuhla, omningi ethu ukuyigcina nokuyazisa isiko kazwelonke wenziwa republic. Abantu okwadingeka abhekane nobunzima obukhulu ukuhlaselwa ezimbalwa, iye yasiza ukuba balolonge uhlamvu kazwelonke, izici eziyinhloko okuyizinto kanzima emsebenzini, emkhayeni zokuthobeka, ukubekezela izihambi. Isi-Udmurt walondoloza ngolimi lwabo, amasiko kanye zamasiko esiyingqayizivele. Isi-Udmurt - isizwe ukucula. Imithwalo Folk songs omkhulu, babonisa umlando nasesimweni sengqondo kwalesi isizwe.

Ubuningi kanye labantu ukusatshalaliswa

Isifunda ine indawo ayizinkulungwane 42 square metres. km, kanye kwabantu labantu Udmurtia abantu 36 square kilometre. km. Iningi Udmurts bahlala emadolobheni - 68%. Umuzi enkulu yilona dolobha Izhevsk, endaweni yayo wedolobha inabantu abangaphezu kuka-700 eyinkulungwane, ezingaphezu kuka-40% abantu sebebonke yesifunda. Ngo-republic kukhona ukuthambekela ukunciphisa inani yabantu basemakhaya, okuyinto isignali okwethusayo nasemnothweni.