Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa - ampicillin

Sekuyisikhathi eside sekuyaziwa ukuthi i-β-lactamases nemikhiqizo yabo yiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa kwezimo ezinhlobonhlobo zamabhaktheriya kuma-antibiotics. Benza ngokuphumelelayo kakhulu ekubhujisweni kwamasongo okuvikelwa ama-antibiotic futhi kungabonakali umphumela wabo wokwelapha. Ukuze unqobe lo mphumela omubi, cishe izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezivimbela i-β-lactamase zakhiwe futhi ngokuyinhloko i- clavulanic acid, amalungiselelo we-sulbactam ne-tazobactam.

Lezi zinhlanganisela zifakwe njengezici ku-penicillin okuthiwa i-inhibitor-inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa ezifaka imithi ye-penicillin. Izibonelo ezaziwa kakhulu zezidakamizwa ezinjalo yi-ampicillin-sulbactam, i-amoxicillin, i-ticarcillin nabanye abakha leli qembu lamapenicillin. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kusebenza ngempumelelo ngoba bangenza njengengxenye yezinhlobonhlobo ze- cephalosporin isizukulwane sesithathu, kuyilapho ukusebenza kwezinto ezisebenzayo kuhlala ezingeni eliphezulu.

Phakathi nezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa imithi eminingi yanamuhla, kuhlanganise nemithi elwa namagciwane kanye ne-β-lactamase inhibitors, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-penicillin uphinde uphinde uphinde ubuyekeze ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwawo kokwelashwa ekulwa nokuningi kwe-staphylococci okwamanje eyaziwayo, ama-anaerobes kanye ne-gram-negative Amabhaktheriya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zidakamizwa, i-spectrum yabo ikhula. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-ampicillin / sulbactam yezidakamizwa, okuyiyo, ngokuya komkhiqizi, okwamanje angakhiqizwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Unazin noma i-Sulacillin.

Lo muthi uhlanganisa i-ampicillin ne-sulbactam, ezitholakala ku-2: 1 isilinganiso. Njengoba kuboniswe emiyalweni yokusetshenziswa, i-ampicillin ne-sulbactam kulokhu kulungiselelwa, ngaphezu kokuvimbela ngempela i-β-lactamases, imemezele umsebenzi ngokumelene Neisseria ne-acinetobacter.

Njengomthetho, ukulungiswa kwe-sultamycillin, okufaka i-sulbactam ne-ampicillin, inqunyelwe ukwamukela kwangaphakathi. Amathebulethi ekudleni afakwa emzimbeni. Khona-ke kukhona ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis nokusebenza okuhlanganyelwe kwe-ampicillin nesidakamizwa se-sulbactam, okuhlinzeka ukwanda kokutholakala kwe-ampicillin ngisho nangaphezulu kwezinga elifinyelelwe uma kuthatha isilinganiso esinganayo sama-ampicillin wendabuko.

Ububanzi bomsebenzi walesi sidakamizwa bukhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa okuveziwe kakhulu kwezidakamizwa kungenxa yezifo ezivela empilweni ye-VDP, i-sinusitis yamafomu ahlukahlukene kanye ne-etiology. Umuthi unqunywe izifo ezisezingeni eliphansi lokuphefumula: i-bronchitis engapheli, i-pneumonia.

Ngokwemiyalelo yokusetshenziswa, i-ampicillin enokuqukethwe kwe-sulbactam isebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekwelapheni kwe-intra-esiswini kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokutheleleka kwe-pelvic, kufaka phakathi izifo zamathambo athambile, izifo ezithathelwanayo zethambo nezihlangene, i-sepsis.

I-ampicillin yezidakamizwa ene-sulbactam iphumelela kakhulu kune-amoxicillin / clavulanate ekwelapheni izifo eziqaliswa i-acinetobacter.

Umthamo wesidakamizwa unqunywa imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa. I-Ampicillin inqunywe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, kubantu abadala umthamo u-0.375-0.75 amagremu, kungakhathaliseki ukudla kokubili kabili ngosuku, uma lesi sifo sibonakala siphansi. Ngamafomu amahle kakhulu, ukuthatha izidakamizwa ngo-1.5-3.0 amagremu emini, uma ubukhulu bekhanda, umthamo unganyuka ube ngu-6.0 amagremu.

Izingane izidakamizwa zibekiwe kumanani okubalwa, cishe ama-micrograms angu-50 ngosuku ngosuku ngalunye ngesisindo somntwana. Ukwamukelwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezimbili.

Amafomu okukhululwa nokwamukela imininingwane yemithi imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa. I-Ampicillin nayo ingathathwa, ngaphezu kwamaphilisi, ngesimo se-powder esetshenziselwa ukumisa ukumiswa okhethekile (ukuphathwa komlomo). Kuhloswe futhi ukuba usebenzise lesi sidakamizwa ngendlela yamajova, ngoba lokhu kukhiqizwa ngendlela ye-powder. I-solvent isetshenziselwa kanye nokulungiselela kuphakethe elilodwa.