Penicillin elwa namagciwane okufakwa ekudleni: indiza "ikhambi elinguzifozonke"

Penicillin elwa namagciwane okufakwa ekudleni - iqembu izinto elwa namagciwane ezivezwa isiko fungal bohlobo lwe-Penicillium. Namuhla, zingabantu ngempumelelo therapy chemo- kanye nemithi. Njengoba cephalosporins, penicillin akuzange kusize imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela labizwa ngokuthi i-beta-lactam izidakamizwa. Nge nethonya eqinile amagciwane futhi ngezinga eliphezulu Umsebenzi ngokumelene amagciwane igramu-HIV, banezizathu umphumela kakhulu iyashesha futhi inamandla ngokwenza namagciwane abangela izifo ikakhulu esigabeni ayanda.

Isici nobuntu leli qembu izidakamizwa ikhono lazo ukungena namangqamuzana aphilayo kanye nethonya zokuyithena ku kuxazululwe ngaphakathi kwala Amagciwane. Le mfanelo enibaziyo nobabili antibiotic-cephalosporins ne-penicillin, uma iqhathaniswa nayo lapho abe ukumelana kancane xaxa ukuze beta-lactamases - enzyme akhethekile zokuzivikela ezivezwa nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic.

Ukutholakala penicillin akuzange kusize, imizamo samagciwane IsiZulu Aleksandra Fleminga ngo-1929, kwaveza omunye linemibhikisho enkulu kwezokwelapha. Sebekwazi kahle ukwelapha izifo eziningi ngaphambi eminyaka babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli ezibulalayo - isb, iphaphu ukuvuvukala. Futhi indima penicillin akuzange kusize e seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili ngokuvamile unezinhloso ezinkulu futhi uyakufanelekela ahlukene izifundo zesayensi.

Okokuqala ukuthola umqondo wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, nethonya elilimazayo ezincane, kodwa kuphephile abantu, banikelwa zavela futhi iqaliswe ekuqa- XIX-XX eminyaka umsunguli ngamakhemikhali, Paulem Erlihom. Njengezinye izidakamizwa, yena washo eqinisile wathi, efana "ikhambi elinguzifozonke." Okunjalo zamakhemikhali kwakuthengwa atholakala phakathi amagama ahlobene of ezinye zokwenziwa nodayi. Ngokuthi "chemotherapy", ziye zaba esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni ugcunsula. Futhi nakuba nephephe ziye kude kakhulu penicillins yesimanje, babengabokuqala harbingers lokuqala yokwelapha ngemithi elwa namagciwane e nombono wanamuhla.

Yamanje penicillin akuzange kusize imithi elwa namagciwane kwabonisa nekusebenta eliphakeme maqondana izilokazane ezincane anaerobic. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi okuthiwa superpenitsillinov (azlocillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin nabanye), kanye oyisizukulwane sesithathu cephalosporins, ezisetshenziswa njalo nokuvimbela kungenzeka yezinkinga nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Namuhla, imithi elwa namagciwane enamandla penicillin akuzange kusize iqembu asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, asebekhulile, iziguli ezinemishini esingamahlalakhona kwezinso futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene acute epididymitis nonspecific.

Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo impumelelo kwemithi yesimanje kanye nokuphelela isihlobo penicillin amalungiselelo dream Paulya Erliha ka "ichashazi ephelele magic" Akukhona neze lutho uma luyasetshenziswa, njengoba ngisho nosawoti kuyalimaza e imali ngokweqile. Singathini ngezidakamizwa enamandla futhi iyingozi enjenge-penicillin elwa namagciwane okufakwa ekudleni! Imiphumela engemihle idatha namagciwane kufanele uhlukanise kungenzeka ezihlukahlukene umzimba uxabane nawo, ukusabela ezinobuthi futhi ukuphazamiseka umsebenzi emathunjini.