IKazan Cathedral ku Red Square: Umlando kanye nencazelo

IKazan Cathedral ku Red Square kuyinto esakhiweni esithile esincane, kodwa ababengeke basilibale. Thola kabanzi mayelana isakhiwo sayo kamuva esihlokweni.

Umlando yesonto

IKazan Cathedral eMoscow waba kabusha izikhathi eziningi kusukela ukwakhiwa yayo. Ngo 1625 kule ndawo esontweni lokhuni olukulesi imali isikhulu Dmitriya Pozharskogo lakhiwa. Igama ethola ngegama eyisimangaliso ngokuthi Our Lady of Kazan.

Umlilo e 1635 wabhubhisa isonto, futhi kungakabiphi kwaba salandelwa lombhishobhi itshe, ezakhiwe Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ithempeli lanikezelwa uMbhishobhi Omkhulu uJosefa. Kancane kancane, waba omunye izindawo ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhulekela. Ngo 1812, ngesikhathi impi nge uNapoleon Kutuzov got lapha isibusiso. Lo mcimbi wenza lombhishobhi isikhumbuzo besizukulwane seMpi lokuqala Umhlaba.

IKazan Cathedral ku Red Square batshengise ngashintsha nokubukeka yayo ngesikhathi kusuka XVII ukuze XIX leminyaka. Ngenxa rearrangements ithempeli liba umehluko omncane nezinye amasonto eMoscow futhi amasonto. Ngo-1925, uqala kabusha izindawo zokukhulekela. Ukuze zethempeli lokuqala ifomu emuva. Nokho, Cathedral olusha wema isikhathi eside. Ngo-1936, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange enquma uzoyibhidliza. Ithempeli alufananga injongo esigcawini main isimo sika - ekuhleleni imicimbi zemikhosi.

Esikhundleni lombhishobhi esigcawini kwaku inkundla anikezelwe International kanye yangasese yomphakathi. Ngo-1990, ethoyilethi savalwa, kanye nokwakhiwa kwethempeli waqala futhi. New iKazan Cathedral (bheka ngezansi isithombe) ngokuphinda izici odlule. Lokuphinda owaqalwa wakwazi ngosizo imidwebo izilinganiso ezenziwe Petrom Baranovskim ngaphambi kwalokho kubhidlizwa wethempeli.

Isithonjana Kazan UnguNina KaNkulunkulu

Ukuthola isithonjana sihlehlela emuva ngonyaka 1579, lapho umlilo esikhulu waphenduka ingxenye Kazan kanye Kazan ezibiyele lingamanxiwa. ngokushesha Sagittarius Daniel Onuchin abanemizi kabi umlilo, waqala kabusha ikhaya elisha, futhi ungqimba umlotha uthole isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu.

Ngokusho yetinsita Virgin kwaba ephusheni kathathu indodakazi eyishumi Archer. Our Lady wabuza intombazane ukuze uthole isithonjana ezifihliwe. Ekuqaleni akekho owayekholelwa umntwana, kodwa ithunyelwa indawo ecacisiwe, uDaniyeli wathola isithombe engcwele zihambisana ngendwangu. Ngokushesha wonke umuzi wawenyukela namahemuhemu okuphulukisa ngokuyisimangaliso, ngokusebenzisa uphawu.

isithonjana Kazan isikhathi eside wawuwuphawu yokuvikela futhi banikwa amasosha Russian. Ngaphambi kwempi Poltava wathandazela ekunqobeni Tsar uPetru mina, phakathi neMpi Russian-French - Mikhail Kutuzov. Phakathi nempi, le nabasePoland amabutho Russian lithwalwe ngazo isithonjana eziyisimangaliso uhlu, futhi kokuphothula impi wayethenjiswe ukwakha yokudumisa Kazan UnguNina KaNkulunkulu esontweni Red Square.

IKazan Cathedral: isithombe kanye nencazelo bokwakha

Ekuqaleni, isonto itshe kwadingeka izici izakhiwo yezakhiwo evamile ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XIV. Small besstolpny Cathedral okuphindaphindiwe ucacisa Rubtsovskaya Bandla lokulabhela Virgin kanye Cathedral of the Donskoy Monastery.

Ngokungafani amathempeli efanayo, iKazan Cathedral ku Red Square ukuthi bancishwa wesimethri. lwaphuka Ukwakheka ngalolo yesonto kwaba kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa. Kamuva, lombhishobhi unamathele kwenye indlwana e osanta futhi Guria Varsonofy. Kubonakala belfry - omunye uhlobo lwayo lokuqala e Moscow. Ubethula kamuva indawo, ezimbili zokuqala bese ezintathu-tiered isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi.

Phezulu ithempeli a kokoshniki ngendlela uvalo elise. Ezincane nezinkulu zafakwa ngamunye ngamunye, enika ethempelini ithoyizi futhi onesizotha. Engxenyeni umakhi XIX leminyaka lesibili Nicholas Kozlovsky wahlanganyela kabusha Ukukhishwa olungaphambili lwesonto. Ithempeli uye uyibona zakudala, ukulahlekelwa izici zayo. besonto Abaningi babesezindaweni ishaqiswe lolu shintsho shrine Metropolitan Leonty ngisho kuqhathaniswa ngayo ibandla levamile yasemakhaya.

Ngenxa wezakhiwo Baranovsky, ngubani ngazisile ngisindisile futhi abuyiselwe Akukhona esontweni isiRashiya, singabona Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan cishe njengoba yayinjalo. Kuyinto isikwele uhlelo oluyingungu isakhiwo esenziwe ngemibala ezibomvu nezimhlophe. Phezulu ethempelini lihlotshiswe nemengamo corbel. Main Dome is camera ngegolide. Anamagalari ezintathu zitholakala, okuholela umbhoshongo insimbi. Eziba a ezinkulu nezincane kokoshniki ukudala umphumela emithathu dimensionality kanye nokusungulwa Patterned.

Indawo, isikhathi ethempelini

IKazan Cathedral isendaweni Red Square, malungana State History Museum, St Nicholas Street, 3. iziteshi ezintathu ongaphansi komhlaba aseduze kuye: "Revolution Square", "Okhotny Ryad", "Theatre". Indawo yokungena ethempelini kusukela Red Square.

Leli thempeli ivuliwe nsuku zonke kusukela 8 ekuseni kuya ku-8 ebusuku. Phakathi namaholide ngamaSonto kusukela ngo-7 am kuya ku-10 ekuseni zesonto kuyenziwa.

isiphetho

IKazan Cathedral ku Red Square yaqale kwakhiwa 1625. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, naye ngezinye izikhathi eziningana yabhujiswa futhi wakhuthazelela ukulungiswa eziningi, isikhathi ngasinye ushintsha ukubukeka kwayo. Phinda esakhiwe ngo-1990, isonto lombhishobhi manje lesikhumbuzo yomlando kanye izakhiwo of Russia, okubonisa izenzakalo ezibaluleke zomlando wezwe.