Gomel esifundeni. Imephu Gomel esifundeni. Belarus - Gomel oblast

Gomel Region kuyinto iyunithi zokuphatha eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Republic of Belarus. Yasungulwa ngonyaka ka-1938. isikhungo yayo zokuphatha lingumuzi Gomel.

ezindawo

Le ndawo ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa Phiko ayizinkulungwane 40,4 amakhilomitha square. Njengoba ibalazwe Gomel Region emingcele Mogilev, Minsk, Brest esifundeni Belarus, Russian Federation, Bryansk, futhi Zhytomyr, Chernihiv, Kyïv kanye Rivne Ukraine.

Isifunda inesimo sezulu esipholile ezwekazini. Ubusika umnene, ehlobo ngokuvamile efudumele. Ngo-January, okuyisilinganiso sabangu-degrees emihlanu kuya kwayisithupha ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa, futhi ngo-July - nesishiyagalombili noma ukushisa nesishiyagalolunye. Ngenkathi ezibandayo ephawulwe predominance imimoya eningizimu, futhi efudumele - entshonalanga ye futhi enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Isilinganiso isivinini somoya - amamitha amathathu ngomzuzwana. Kuwo lo nyaka, ewa amamilimitha angu-550 kuya 650 kwezulu.

Esikhathini Gomel ndawo olude kuleli zwe zonyaka ezikhulayo. He is izinsuku 191-209. Isimo sezulu evumayo ivumela ukukhula sugar beet, ekuqaleni ukukhula izinhlobonhlobo zomvini, ummbila, amazambane kanye nezinye izitshalo.

Phakathi imifula ngobukhulu imikhumbi yesifunda yilezi ezilandelayo: i-Sozh, le Berezina, Dnepr futhi Pripyat. Endaweni kukhona amachibi amaningi, futhi ezinkulu kunazo zonke kubo - Chervonoe. endaweni yaso 43,6 amakhilomitha square. Amahlathi amboza amaphesenti angu-amadoda angaphezu kwamashumi amane zensimu.

Gomel esifundeni has a izimo zemvelo ezikahle sokuthuthukiswa iningi zokukhulekela womuntu. Ngenxa yesimo esiphansi impumuzo akukho nobunzima lapho kumiswa nemizana, ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba wezolimo, ukusebenza izitshalo zezimboni nokwakhiwa komgwaqo.

Ngo-2013, abantu 1.427.200 ababehlala kule ndawo.

Izici besigaba zokuphatha

Sibala izifunda Gomel esifundeni. Bangu-21: Chechersk, Bragin, Khoiniki, Buda-Koshelevo, Vetka, Gomel, Svetlogorsk, Rogachev, Dobrush, i-Yale, Rechitsa, Petrikov, Zhitkovichi, Okthoba, Zhlobin, Narovlyansky, Kalinkovichi, Mozyr, Lelchitsy, Korma futhi Loev.

labantu

Umuzi Gomel endaweni ehlala ikakhulukazi Belarusians. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu yabo ungahlangana isiRashiya, Ukraine, amaGypsy, amaJuda, nabasePoland, Armenia, Moldavians, AmaTatar, Azerbaijanis, amaJalimane, Turkmen, Uzbeks, Georgians, naseLithuania, Kazakhs, Isi-Chuvash. Amaqembu abantu bendabuko kencanikhulu - Arabhu. Ngokusho ukubalwa kwabantu 2009, kunabantu 138 kuphela.

The enhle kakhudlwana Gomel esifundeni? Village, zazo zikhona 133 singenamuntu akakwazi ngokuthi. Bahlala baze babe amaphesenti angu amathathu sabantu.

amaminerali

Gomel ndawo ihlathi indawo elilingana 1653 ayizinkulungwane. Ha. Ihlathi ngenkathi ihlanganiswa 1472,9 thous. Ha.

Okubaluleke kakhulu umnotho kazwelonke iyona fuel namandla izinto zokusetshenziswa. Okwamanje, kunezinkulungwane cishe kwesigamu efakazelwe Peat imali. Ngo-1964, eduze Rechitsa yadalwa uwoyela kuqala nokuba angasetshenziswa ezimbonini. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwaphakamisa kwamanzi for million abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu amathani umkhiqizo oluyigugu. Ngo Mozyr eziqhutshwa chemical plant kanye zenkampane.

Ezindaweni eningizimu-nempumalanga ye-Pripyat ukucindezeleka wathola ezifakwa amalahle angamakhilogremu e Zhitkovichi esifundeni - uwoyela oluthambile. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ku Brinevo Zhitkovichi kanye imali kukhona ezifakwa engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-100 amalahle brown.

Njengamanje, kakade uhlole izinqolobane amathani 22 billion rock usawoti. Okwenziwe a ukulungiselela ngokungashwampuluzi sokuthuthukiswa izinhlobo ezintsha of izinto zokusetshenziswa, ezifana Gypsum, sorbents amaminerali, le-basalt fibre, brine iodine-uxhumano lokudlulisa.

sphere zezimboni

Gomelsk esifundeni has a ububanzi ezingaba ezimbonini. It is njengelinye lamazwe yezindawo anezimboni iningi Republic of Belarus. Ensimini ka iyunithi zokuphatha has amabhizinisi abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu medium and enkulu yezimboni. Imikhakha ehamba phambili abizwa ngokuthi uphethiloli namakhemikhali izimboni, yokusansimbi ayoni, isakhiwo umshini. Ayikho ukubaluleka kancane amafutha, ezamahlathi, okulungisa ukudla, uginindela nephepha ukhuni umkhakha. Zonke lezi izitayela ukuletha uzuza abalulekile Belarus.

Gomel esifundeni - kuphela ezweni lapho ukukhiqizwa igesi namafutha, kabusha ukukhiqizwa linoleum futhi iwindi ingilazi, abavuni aklaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu yalo ukukhiqiza 24% wephepha, 25% of the ipulangwe, abangu-93% motor fuel futhi 85% steel, 31% PB futhi 46% wezindleko paperboard zwe.

Impucuko nesayensi

Ngo esifundeni zikhona 789 amakilabhu. Kukhona 23 iminyuziyamu yeshashalazi ezine, Philharmonic futhi 782 imitapo. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile nabocwephesha 1040 zemivubukulo, kuhlanganise zokungcwaba, wemizi yasendulo, izinsalela wemizi yasendulo futhi yokupaka. Gomel esifundeni has a lungakhiqiza eziphawulekayo zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe. Kumanje zibalwa yesibili yabo kuleli ngokwezibalo zika inani izinhlangano ehilelekile lesayensi nokuthuthuka nocwaningo.

Yale wesifunda

Le yunithi indawo itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga Gomel esifundeni. endaweni kwayo ngokuphelele kuyinto ayizinkulungwane 1.36 amakhilomitha square. Ngo Eningizimu elisemngceleni ne-Ukraine, enyakatho - kuya Mozyr esifundeni, entshonalanga - ne Lelchitsy, empumalanga - ne Narovlyansky.

isikhungo zamasiko, zomnotho kanye nezokuphatha esifundeni - emzini Yelsk (Homel esifundeni). Waqale ezincwadini ebhaliwe ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha. Ekuqaleni kwaba yindawo ke - edolobheni, futhi ngo-1971 Yelsk waklonyeliswa isimo zokuhlonipha komuzi. Namuhla on insimu yalo usebenza embonini ifenisha, izithelo nemifino bese avalele isitshalo.

Umsuka igama edolobheni sika is ngokwesiko elihlobene ne-elithi "fir", kodwa lo mbono kuyinto iphutha. Ububanzi yalesi sihlahla - esenyakatho emaphethelweni Polesie. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isijobelelo -rm engavamile amagama ifomu indawo kusukela izimpawu izitshalo. Njengomthetho, imizana enesiphetho efanayo nalena ebizwa ngokuthi yi-esisenze ngemifula eseduze nasemachibini amaningi. It lingahunyushwa baphetha ukuthi kwakhiwa endaweni yegama "Yelsk" lisuselwa egameni nga pre-existing emifuleni Ely, firs.

wesifunda Oktyabrsky

Ngokuphathelene ukuthi iyunithi indawo itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga Gomel esifundeni, futhi ihlanganisa indawo 1386,19 amakhilomitha square.

wesifunda Oktyabrsky kwamiswa ngo-1939. Ekuqaleni wayephikisa ilungu Polesie esifundeni. Ngo-1962 lwase lwenziwe lwaba, futhi ngo-1966 kabusha esungulwe njengenhlangano iyunithi ezimele indawo.

Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo wesifunda - edolobheni Oktyabrsky (Gomel esifundeni). Usuku yokusungulwa - Agasti 31, 1954. umhlaba wokulima ugajwe abangaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu zensimu. Ngokusho ukubalwa kwabantu 2009, abantu 7800 baphile kuleli dolobhana. Lunye we umkhakha wendawo - ukucutshungulwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo. Ngemva kwezenzakalo nedumela elibi 1986 eChernobyl liye laba yindawo Izindawo Oktyabrsky izinombolo esikhulu sabantu abavela ezindaweni ezithintekile.

Svetlogorsk, Gomel esifundeni

Umuzi kwakuwukuthi lesifunda yazuza ngegama lalo lamanje ngo-1961. Ekuqaleni eyaziwa ngokuthi Shatilki. Svetlogorsk isendaweni Insimu Gomel Polesie. Ukuze isikhungo lesifunda 113 amakhilomitha.

Umlando waleli dolobhana

Njengoba kuboniswa abavubukuli kusayithi yedolobha lanamuhla Kudala ekhulwini lesithupha nesikhombisa komnikazi kwaba. Qamba Shatilki a patronymic lisuselwa egameni Shatilo.

Ngo-1569 Svetlogorsk baba ingxenye Commonwealth ngenxa nokuhlanganiswa amaPolish Kingdom futhi ON. Futhi 1793 kwaba ingxenye yoMbuso Russian. Ngo-1915, Awukude egandayiwe Shatilok sesitimela futhi kwakhiwa.

Umkhakha wekukhicita imelelwa ukudla, amakhemikhali, uginindela nephepha umkhakha - futhi lokhu Svetlahorsk (Gomelsk esifundeni) abadumile. Phakathi amabhizinisi edolobheni-ukwakha - uginindela paperboard isigayo futhi rue "SPA Khimvolokno".

Umuzi ine izinkundla ezintathu, i-swimming pool, inkantolo lomphebezo kanye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezemidlalo.

onqenqemeni Petroleum

Rechitsa (Gomel esifundeni) - lingumuzi wasendulo Poleski. Kusobala ngebhange kwesokudla eMfuleni Dnieper - umfula esihlanganisa amazwe amathathu Slavic. Imizana uqala ukuvela lapha Mesolithic (9-5 yeminyaka BC). Dregovichi cabanga okhokho ngqo ka Rechitsa.

Ngokusho ngowokuqala Novgorod Chronicle 1213, nomuzi wawungowegolide ingxenye Chernigov ubukhulu. Kusukela ngekhulu weshumi nane kwaba ngaphansi KU amandla. Kusukela 1392 kuya 1430. indawo in the ifa Vytautas. On imiyalo yakhe, idolobha, enqabeni Yakhiwa, okuyinto yayisethafeni yasebhange emaweni of Dnieper. Wayezungezwe obujulile nomsele emhlabeni. Ngo 1561 Rechitsa wathola laseMagdeburg kwesokudla, kodwa kancane kuphela.

Ngenxa Cossack abancane kanye nabalimi abancane impi 1648-1651 GG. idolobha cishe bawubhubhisa phansi. Ngenxa yalokho sesiphelo sesimiso iSivumelwano Andrusovo Rechitsa lahlala Commonwealth. Ngo 1793 yayibizwa lebhalwe emazweni Russian futhi wathola isimo County edolobheni sifundazwe Minsk. Ngemva kwalokho Rechyca waqhamuka indlela yentuthuko kwezomnotho kanye namasiko. Kusukela 1882 kwenziwa phezu steamship emfuleni. Dnepr, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emine edolobheni ujantshi egandayiwe. Amabhizinisi lokuqala zezimboni uvele lapha ngo-1897.

Izici bokwakha wendawo

Kulo lonke ikhulu nesishiyagalolunye, ke seyenziwe cishe yonke njalo design izinhlelo edolobheni. Ngakho, ngo-Rechitsa akukho kuphela apharathasi zokuphatha lesi sakhiwo, kodwa futhi Arcade yezitolo, nemizi esemfashinini, Bandla Assumption, futhi isonto.

Endaweni, okuyinto wayeke waxoxa ngaphambili lalibuswa Dominican esigodlweni, epaki siphukile. It yakha ingxenye olunothile iningi umuzi eziyinkimbinkimbi nge landscaped castle indawo futhi nje endaweni yomphakathi ephakathi.

yesimanjemanje

Namuhla Rechitsa - yaziwe Belarus idolobha, okuyinto kuveza ngezinga ezimbonini okuthiwa black igolide. Eziyishumi nambili zabantwana nesishiyagalombili "Belorusneft" yebhizinisi zitholakala khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eduze kwedolobha usebenza igesi processing plant.

Gomel

Ngisho incazelo emfushane imizana esifundeni awanakuziziba maphakathi kweyunithi zokuphatha. Gomel itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe. It is elisoGwini yasebhange olunothile emfuleni Sozh amakhilomitha angamakhulu amathathu kusukela enhlokodolobha. Ekuqaleni kuka-2011, endaweni umuzi wawuyigolide 135 amakhilomitha square. Gomel labantu - 522 549 abantu (njengoba of 04/01/2014).

izici Physiographic

Gomel ithatha ingxenye eyinhloko Dnieper elisezansi. Kuyinto ingxenye Polesie Subprovince. Northwest Territories komuzi eduze emaThafeni Chechersk - ngokomzimba-ezindawo endaweni okuqondene sifundazwe Predpolessky.

Ukuma kwendawo yendlela idolobha

ibalazwe kwamaphaphu Gomel esifundeni kuhlanganisa ulwazi mayelana emzini emathafeni. Lokhu kungenxa indawo isikhungo lesifunda endaweni podgolovnistoy ethafeni amanzi glacial kanye ithala ngaphezu Sozh kwemfunda. Ukhombe sezwe emthambekeni ohlangothini ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu.

amaminerali

endaweni Southwest of Gomel Osovtsovskim eyaziwa idiphozithi yanoma isihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muzi wakwazi ukuthola inothile aligugu amanengi sulfate-chloride-sodium hydrocarbonate namanzi okuphuza.

Izici sezulu

Gomel Itholakala zone of ngokulinganisela sezulu yezwekazi. Warm ulwandle emoyeni quba Atlantic kubangele ubusika bakhona abubandi. Isilinganiso emoyeni lokushisa degrees Celsius kuyinto 7.4. Cishe 70% of kwezulu uwela esikhathini kusuka April kuya ku-October.

Ulwazi amanzi maphakathi nezwe

Emifuleni, emachibini namachibi kukhona kwamanzi. Omunye emifuleni ngobukhulu kuleli zwe - SOG - kugeleza Gomel. Phakathi edolobheni iqalisa Iput nezindawo suburban - Ouse, Indlela nokuthi Teryuha. Ngo ngasezinkwalini, wasebenzisa ukwenziwa zokwakha, kanye kwakumiswa amachibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu bendawo abakhuthalele usebenzisa uzokwazi ukubhukuda kulolu lwandle. Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke in ichibi edolobheni - "Swan Lake". Wabonakala kusayithi Gomeyuk emfudlaneni kanye agelezela the SOG.

inhlabathi

Yemvelo isimo somhlabathi uye washintsha abalulekile. Urbozemy nge isihlabathi, amatshe kanye umthombo amatshe esikhundleni umhlabathi zemvelo. Ngo flowerbeds, tikwele kanye amapaki kwenhlabathi njalo ufune i. Phakathi inhlabathi ungaphazamisekile kakhulu emzini ukwaba podzolic, wapheka-podzolic, loam sandy and silty, wapheka-calcareous, Peat-bog futhi anesihlabathi.

Flora

On the emigwaqweni, emapaki, izingadi nasezigcawini edolobheni kungabonwa kwesihlahla se-okhi petiolate, uphayini, ngesihlahla sonwele-European, ihhashi onsundu, willow, e-aspen, omhlophe, umlotha we-European, Ubhabhulini omnyama yiwona, ezincane enezicabha isihlahla lime kanye mountain ash. Ensimini ka-Central Park sikhule kukakhokho izihlahla, ginkgo namanye zilwane ezingavamile.

nezilwane

On the omuzi kukhona izingulube zasendle, Roe izinyamazane, onogwaja Europe. Ngo emasimini amapaki kuvamile kakhulu izingwejeje, amavukuzi nakuwo onogwaja. Phakathi izinyoni ungabona kondlunkulu, jackdaw, iqhude, inyoni, storks (edolobheni). Sekukonke, isikhungo lesifunda nasezindaweni ezizungezile kuhlale 188 zezinyoni, 66 - ezincelisayo, 11 - eziphila emanzini nasezweni, 6 - ezihuquzelayo, 25 - izinhlanzi.

isiphetho

Gomel esifundeni, izithombe nemininingwane zazo okusesihlokweni esithi linendima ebalulekile empilweni yamasiko nezombusazwe zezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto izifunda ezibaluleke kakhulu yezimboni Belarus.