Londlunkulu: incazelo. Yini ehlukanisa londlunkulu evela endle?

Indlu undlunkulu - iyona edume kakhulu inyoni emhlabeni. Sparrow ungomunye walabo izinhlobo ezimbalwa izinyoni eziye bazoba izakhamuzi ezibalulekile ezitaladini zasemadolobheni nezasemakhaya. Kubonakala sengathi ngaphandle kwalezi omakhelwane emincanyana, singathanda kakade be bored ngempilo.

indlu Sparrow: incazelo

Sparrow - inyoni encane, ubude bomzimba wayo - mayelana 15-17 cm, isisindo - 24-35 g, kodwa Unomzimba onamandla. Ikhanda nokubuya okwenyanga futhi ukuba mikhulu. Uqhwaku cishe kwesigamu noma ingaba isentimitha nje ubude, kwakhahlela, ukuma oyindilinga. Tail cishe 5-6 cm, unyawo - abesilisa 1.5-2.5 cm ubukhulu nesisindo kwabesifazane abaningi ..

Umbala izimpaphe kondlunkulu ondlunkulu-amantombazane-abafana nawo ezahlukene. Same engenhla yomzimba wabo - brown, ingxenye engezansi - grey ukukhanya futhi amaphiko amhlophe nge umugqa ophuzi, elitholakala kuwo wonke. A ushintsho oluphawulekayo phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngombala ikhanda futhi webele. Ngo abafana, phezulu ikhanda umpofu omnyama, ngezansi amehlo - ukukhanyisa grey izimpaphe, ngokucacile akachazeki ibala elimnyama entanyeni nasesifubeni. Ngo amantombazane, ikhanda nentamo kuyizinto brown ukukhanya.

Lemvelo kondlunkulu

Ondlunkulu abahlala eduze uhlalwe abantu, bathi landizela kulesi sikhathi samanje, cishe emhlabeni wonke, kodwa wayedabuka ekhaya ngalezi zinyoni kubhekwa ukuba ingxenye enkulu eYurophu nase -Southwest Asia.

Indlu undlunkulu zitholakala emadolobheni, kusukela entshonalanga Yurophu futhi ogwini oLwandle Okhotsk enyakatho yeYurophu kuze kube lwase-Arctic, eSiberia nayo ugcwale lezi zinyoni ezincane emincanyana. Ngo engxenyeni enkulu yeMpumalanga nase-Asia Ephakathi undlunkulu kuyo.

Izinyoni bayakwazi kahle ukuzivumelanisa nezimo lapho kwakukhona. Lokhu izinyoni sedentary kusukela enyakatho izindawo ezibandayo ku abandayo ebusika kuphela uthuthele ku lapho eningizimu ukufudumala.

indlela yokuphila

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, londlunkulu othanda ukuba axazulule eduze abantu, mhlawumbe ngenxa lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "indlu." izinyoni Gray bangaphila ahamba ngamabili, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zakha lonke amakoloni. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ondla njalo ubutha nemihlambi emikhulu. Lapho ungenawo ukuhlala phezu amaqanda e izidleke noma amaphuphu, ondlunkulu ngobusuku obubodwa ahlelwe otshanini noma amagatsha emithi.

Emoyeni, le nyoni ithuthukisa ijubane indiza ka 45 km / ihora, udabule izwe, efana neningi lezinye izinyoni, undlunkulu Awukwazi ukuhambisa ukweqa. Ichibi ngeke ukucwila njengoba sibhukuda, ngaphandle futhi diver ezinhle.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka zizalela endlini ondlunkulu zihlukaniswe ngazimbili, bese owesilisa nowesifazane ndawonye uqhubekele ukwakhiwa amakhaya. Yakha izidleke emifantwini kwetakhiwo, izakhiwo, emigodini, Burrows, emithambekeni nemihosha, otshanini kanye amagatsha emithi. Elibhekwa njengabaThwa endlini eyenziwe Amahlumela amancane, utshani obomile utshani.

Kuyo Apreli, umama okhulelwe, undlunkulu izalela amaqanda esidlekeni ivela amaqanda 4 kuya ku-10, emhlophe kancane nge izindawo ensundu. Ngemva emva zesifazane ezingu-14 bahlala phezu amaqanda bazalwa amaphuphu olungenakuzisiza. Ukuze inzalo achanyuselwa umama nobaba wabheka emva ndawonye, izingane ezidla izinambuzane. Emasontweni amabili azayo amaphuphu undiza kusukela esidlekeni.

ubude bempilo

Ondlunkulu ngokwemvelo iphile isikhathi eside ngokwanele, ukuphila kwabo isilinganiso sobude - iminyaka engaba ngu 10-12. icala eqoshiwe zokuba nempilo ende - undlunkulu livela eDenmark wahlala kakhulu ngendlela 23 edlule, ezinye kancane yakhe congener ayizange waphakamisa lokuzalwa kwakhe lamashumi amabili.

Inkinga nge kwalezi zinyoni ukuthi eziningi izinyoni abasha bayabulawa, akazange aphile isikhathi eside kuze kube unyaka owodwa. Isikhathi sekukaningi kwabasha - ebusika. Uma uphatha ukuphila ngokuvumelana isiphethu sakhe sokuqala, bese ithuba ubudala. Ngalesi sikhathi, cishe 70% undlunkulu abasha akusho ukuphila ngokuvumelana ngonyaka.

ukudla

Londlunkulu lalingabulawa kalula ukwenza ngaphandle kwamanzi adingekayo ukuba khona lemali umswakama elamukelayo lusuka amajikijolo namanzi. Okuphakelayo izinyoni ukudla isitshalo ikakhulukazi. Ukudla okuyintandokazi - imbewu zokusanhlamvu. Pereborchivy undlunkulu, udle into ingena ekudleni kwakhe kuhlanganisa imbewu utshani, isihlahla efihlekile, amajikijolo ahlukahlukene. imikhiqizo Ukusingathwa emigqonyeni, lezi zinyoni asihlehleli, okuhlangenwe nakho kusikisela ukuthi la mabhokisi yensimbi ungathola eziningi ukuthi esihlwabusayo. Izinambuzane ukuwa imenyu kukandlunkulu akuvamile, kuphela ngesikhathi izimbungulu fledging nezibungu uba ukudla nsuku zonke, ngoba izinyoni zabo umzali ukondla izingane zabo. Ungakhohlwa ondlunkulu futhi phezu kwesihlabathi, kubalulekile ukuba ventricle nyoni ukuba ugaye ukudla. Uma isihlabathi akunakwenzeka ukumbamba, amatshe amancane esetshenziswa.

Subfamily Ondlunkulu yangempela

Ngu ondlunkulu subfamily zingokoqobo kondlunkulu, iqhwa Finch, undlunkulu. Ngithanda iphawule Finch iqhwa, edume ngokuthi iqhwa undlunkulu. Lezi zinyoni ezinhle ngempela, zingabantu izindlu lighter emikhulu. Kumi esiqongweni sezindawo iqhwa Finch amaphiko grey ansundu kakhulu, njalo elimhlophe ngezansi, omnyama nomhlophe. Uma uqaphelisisa ukuthi lezi inyoni indiza, kudala ukubonakala inyoni emhlophe namabala amnyama. Throat Finch owesilisa omnyama, izimvi, umsila omude simhlophe nge umugqa omnyama, edlulisela kanye. Lolu hlobo ondlunkulu ngokuthi "iqhwa" ngenxa ngezimpaphe zazo off-mhlophe.

Field, ngokungafani kuya iqhwa, izindlu ingasaphathwa. Field Sparrow nezindlu (owesilisa) efana umbala sikebhe namaphiko ngamunye, lokhu kungaba avelele kalula ngombala ikhanda. Field brownie congener "sigqoke" e cap onsundu, okuyinto ahlukaniswa sinombala emuva Belenky collar emincane. On the white izihlathi isihlahla undlunkulu otshalwe ngasemanzini black indawo, indawo entanyeni mncane impela. Eyeduna neyensikazi lokhu zezinyoni "sigqoke" ku izingubo ezifanayo, umbala wabo alihlukile.

Kanjani ngendlu futhi ondlunkulu ensimini axazulule eduze abantu. Field, ekubonisa igama, iningi labo liphila ezindaweni ezisemakhaya, kanye brownies, ngokulandelana, ngokwezinga elikhulu - izakhamizi ezisemadolobheni. Izinyoni umhlambi ngizama ukuhlala kude iphakethe, amakoloni okuxubile kokubili zilwane ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Abamhlophe, abansundu, grey - umehluko phakathi ondlunkulu akuzona sikhulu kakhulu, ngokuqinile izwi elazwakala alibazuzisanga, into eyodwa - komakhelwane nomuntu. Life ngaphandle lezi zinyoni ukubuyisa ungazange ngisho babonakala usishiyele bona abayi, ukuze endaweni enezimpiko sinikeza isikhathi eside kakhulu.