Ejection Mass imikhomo ezweni. Kungani ulahle imikhomo waya ogwini?

Umkhoma efile ogwini - umbukwane esidabukisayo, ephoqa Zama ukuqonda imbangela yokufa njengesimo isilwane omkhulu futhi enhle. Futhi uma akusiyo enye whale kodwa ezimbili, ezinhlanu, eziyishumi?

Kungani imikhomo kuthiwa beaching?

ekushayweni imikhomo IMisa waya ogwini kuyinto izimfihlakalo nezikulu ethakazelisayo nemvelo, phezu ososayensi abaningi ukunwaya amakhanda abo namuhla. emehlweni esidabukisayo izidumbu zezilwane njalo omkhulu esimweni engavamile ngabo umuzwa badideke nesihawu. Yini eyenza izakhamuzi esemqoka ye expanses ocean ukuzibulala ogwini olunesihlabathi namatshe afe ngaphansi okuhangulayo nelanga imisebe? Kungani ulahle imikhomo waya ogwini?

Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-February 2015 ogwini kwekhabhoni waseNew Zealand mayelana 200 amahlengethwa. Ngokusho ososayensi, into mass enjalo awuzange waphawula iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10. Naphezu kwemizamo etusekayo labatakuli abayizakhamuzi, abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi kuphela abasinda. Zonke ezinye wafa ngaphansi isisindo ayo futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi. Nakuba iningi lemikhandlu kwekhabhoni zenzeka iqembu imikhomo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinhlobo ekujuleni kolwandle.

ukungcola Sound olwandle

komkhathi olungenamkhawulo amanzi egcwele imisindo ehlukahlukene, iningi okuyinto odabuka yemvelo. Bayanda kulinganiswa ukuphila ocean eziphula ndoda yenza umsindo (kusuka injini ngwenya, izimayini, ukuhlolwa ezempi kanye ukubamba izinhlanzi). Ngenxa yalokho, ngaphansi kwethonya sonar amahlengethwa nemikhomo ulahlekelwe ezindlebeni zazo cishe 40%.

Yini ubuthulu (ithuluzi mncane, ikhono lokuhlukanisa ekushintshashintsheni kancane emanzini) isilwane okuphila kuncike ikhono lokuzwa? Underwater izicupho umsindo disorient izilwane emanzini, ongqongqozayo ukuba ngendlela evamile, kungani imikhomo namahlengethwa, walahlekelwa emkhathini, ukubhukuda emanzini angajulile.

ukunyukela kakhulu okusheshayo kwamanzi kunomthelela esingokwemvelo abatshuzi decompression ukugula, lapho ngenxa ngokuzumayo ingcindezi ukunciphisa nitrogen Bubbles buthelela egazini futhi umonakalo izitho zangaphakathi futhi imithambo yegazi. Lokhu kucatshangwa kuqinisekiswa ososayensi bathole izimpawu yesifo at kwesidumbu yezilwane ezifile. Nitrogen Bubbles eziqukethwe igazi whale, ngaphansi ezizathwini ososayensi bayakwazi ukuthonya imisindo ngqo elikhulu livela imishini ngwenya ukuqhuma. Ngaphansi isenzo amaza omsindo Bubbles kuyanda kanye ikontraga kungacinanisa imithambo yegazi, umonakalo izicubu ona isimiso sezinzwa.

Isizathu sokuba ukufa mass imikhomo - umzimba ezempi?

ukuqhuma eqinile, ngaphezu izitsha uphawu zingaphazamisa isilwane izitho. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa (wamaphaphu lacerations ukopha yezitho zangaphakathi) abacwaningi baphawula kulolu cwaningo balahleke ngesikhathi noma ngemuva umzimba lempi imikhomo namahlengethwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1989 ngesikhathi umzimba asolwandle eduze seziqhingi zaseCanary Islands ogwini kwekhabhoni 24 whale. Kungani ulahle imikhomo waya ogwini? Cishe, isizathu baba babulawa umsindo kwamanzi, ngokoqobo lihle siklanyelwe ukuphila emanzini. Imikhumbi-ngwenya umonakalo owenziwe eziphila olwandle, uzifunde ngokucophelela bonke abantu baseMelika, ngoba kulelizwe eyinkimbinkimbi lempi is ngaphansi kokucindezela okukhulu kakhulu umphakathi.

strandings Umkhomo iphutha futhi ngaphambi ukubukeka ezenziwe umuntu kwemvelo futhi ukuvela ngwenya. Lokho ngalezo zinsuku abone lokhu okuthile abantu basemadolobheni abangavamile sici olwandle? Ngo-1950, ogwini esiqhingini Stronsay kwekhabhoni 64 whale, ngemva kweminyaka engu-5 lapha babulawa 66 amahlengethwa. Okwenza izilwane ukuba sikhethe le ndlela sokufa? Kungani ulahle imikhomo waya ogwini?

Ukwehluleka kazibuthe?

Ngokwe-theory Margaret Klinovsky ngonyaka uthuthe imikhomo emanzini afudumele ngoba kokuzalela futhi ngokuzala amankonyane, ngemva kwalokho izilwane zasemanzini phinda. umzila incike kazibuthe, okuyizinto uhlobo zendawo. Esikhathini izindawo ekushintshashintsheni okukhulu kunakho konke lokhu Amasimu imikhomo ungalahlekelwa nabuphi zibhukude emanzini angajulile. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi mass ukuzibulala imikhomo advantageously kungakazukufika masinyane ngemva flare, ukusonta imigqa kazibuthe.

Ngokusho kwenye version, imikhomo kuthiwa beaching ngenxa yezinguquko izimo zezulu. Yolwandle esuka e-Antarctic ukuletha amanzi abandayo nokuphoqa imikhomo ngomkhumbi emanzini angajulile enombono ukuxoxa. E-Australia, ekushayweni sabhalwa imikhomo ezingaphezu kwezingu-80 basuke ngokoqobo oluneziqhingi izidumbu zabantu abahlanu-ikhilomitha zone yakhe ugu. Wakwazi ukulondoloza abantu abangu-25 kuphela. Kungani ulahle imikhomo waya ogwini? Kube yini imbangela yokuzibulala mass? Mhlawumbe ukulahlekelwa ukuma, okuyinto zingaphazamisa isimo sezulu? Ngo sezulu esindayo emoyeni gusty kuyinto isiphepho oqinile yokwanda kungenzeka noma okuthiwa amanzi yokwanda. Animal wahlamba sisondele kakhulu ezweni, lapho ungakwazi futhi sihlale ukuqondanisa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi lapho amanzi zivame ukufiphala.

Ukuzithiba yenomboro - eyodwa ngaphezulu kucatshangwa mass ekushayweni imikhomo waya ogwini. Inguqulo unendawo ukuba sibe khona, nakuba labantu imikhomo e abangebona omkhulu ukuze ayidingayo ukusika.

Imbangela yokufa of imikhomo - nokungcoliswa kwezilwandle?

Njengoba imbangela amagesi mass imikhomo osebeni lolwandle kubhekwe nokungcoliswa izilwandle kancane kancane kuphenduke yokulahla ngezabelo inhlekelele. ekuqongeleleni ethile udoti, okwesihlanu okungaye kwekhabhoni ezimbonini kanye samafutha angcolile uwela ogwini Hawaii. Ngu sayizi Udoti Patch elise elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, kuyinto sokuboshwa ezwekazini lase-United States. Ngokwemvelo, yokulahla omkhulu onjalo, lapho Isisindo amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-100, kunomthelela omubi izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo. Nakuba lezi zilwane nenhlanzi akuzona ngokungafani kubo umoya, hhayi ingcoliswe-mpilo ziyoncibilika i osebenzelana aqueous, umonakalo kusuka landfills abanjalo, bangase kubangelwe ukubheduka ukushaya slicks uwoyela.

Mhlawumbe isizathu zenhlalo-ngokwengqondo?

hypothesis Psychic futhi abeke phambili njengoba yezimbangela uyaca ejection imikhomo waya ogwini. Imikhomo namahlengethwa yizilwane kwezenhlalo, kuncike ithonya umholi. Uma kuwukuzikhohlisa kulahleka isikhala ukujayeza ubonisa umhlambi emanzini angajulile, izilwane, naphezu kwengozi yokufa, bazoqhubeka bamlandele.

Kuthatha indawo ngokuba khona imfundiso yokuziphendukela ezithathelwanayo lokuzibulala of izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo, manje ukunakekela okukhethekile kunikezwa ososayensi emhlabeni wonke. Amanye amagciwane zokuthelela ezincelisayo, abe nomthelela ongemuhle izilwane kuzwa, abangela izifo ezifana meningitis encephalitis, okubangela ukwehluleka amaza omsindo uhlelo. Lost emkhathini orientation ikhithi (izithombe kungabonwa esihlokweni) iqala ukuba kuminyanise, ngakho beaching uqobo ukuba lula ukuphefumula. Ukubuyela isici lwabo lwendabuko ngeke kuphela babhebhethekisa lesi simo. Ngaphambili kwakucatshangwa ukuthi imikhomo ayikwazi okubhekiswe yileli gciwane. Eqinisweni, ngezinye izikhathi ingaba umthombo abathwali lwezimpawu zasolwandle - ukudla killer nama.

Ngephutha ukushaya ogwini, isilwane anganika amasignali zokucindezeleka umuntu wakubo, lawo ngokushesha ukusheshe lokusindisa, futhi lendoda empofu ogibeni olufanayo njengoba ucela usizo.