Icebreaker "Vladivostok": izici zobuchwepheshe, isithombe. Izivivinyo ze-icebreaker "Vladivostok"

Esikhathini sesine sonyaka ka-2012, i-icebreaker "Vladivostok" yeProjekthi 21900 M yakhiwe eShipborard Shipyard. Umkhumbi ungomunye wemandla kakhulu ekilasini lakhe. I-21900 M yinguqulo ephuthumayo ye-21900 eyethulwa ngaphambili. I-Vladivostok yiyona yokuqala yeqhwa le-three, eyakhiwe iphrojekthi 21900 M, kanti okwesithathu kulolu chungechunge luka-21900. Ngo-2006, eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg behla emanzini. Imikhumbi yombili yathathwa yiRosmorport.

Isithombe sibonisa i-ice breaker "eMoscow" - i-flagship yochungechunge lwama-21900. Inani elikhulu lamalungu abasebenzi, amathuba okubamba abasebenzi abakhethekile, ukudluliselwa kwe-helipad emthonjeni womkhumbi, ukufakwa kwe- crane enamandla kakhulu , iphoyinti elithandwayo lezimpahla lingase libhekiswe ekuhlukeni komsebenzi wamanje. Ngo-Okthoba 2015, u-Vladivostok, owokuqala wemikhumbi emisha yomculo omusha, wanikelwa kumakhasimende, i-Rosmorport Company.

Izinyathelo zokudalwa

Ukwakhiwa kwezicathulo ezintathu ezihleliwe eziqanjwe iziqhumane ze-21900 M zaqala ngo-2012. Isikhathi sokuphela kokubili sasibekwe ekuqaleni kokuhamba kwebusika ka-2015-16. Owesithathu kufanele unikezwe ekupheleni kuka-2016. Lezi zitsha zazibizwa ngokuthi uVladivostok no-Murmansk. Eyokuqala yakhiwa esitsheni saseViborg (isifunda saseLeningrad), sesibili - esitshalweni eHelsinki (Finland). Ngokusho kwedatha esemthethweni, kusukela ngo-February 2016, i-icebreaker yaseVladivostok isebenza echwebeni elisha elisha lama-Primorsk eliseGulf of Finland eBaltic Sea. Njengoba imikhumbi yombili yayakhiwe ngokufanayo, yathola amabhulokhi afanayo ngisho nezinsuku zokuhlola, ngokuhamba kancane kudlule izinsuku zokudalwa komunye wabo. Ngokufanayo, i-flagship yochungechunge, okuyinto i-icebreaker "i-Vladivostok", isithombe esinikezwa ngezansi.

Kulo mbono, i-helicopter pad etholakala emnseni womkhumbi ibonakala ngokucacile - isici esivelele sephrojekthi "M".

Ngakho, ukulandelana kwezinkathi zokwakha:

• Ngo-Okthoba 2012 ukwakhiwa kwaqala.

• Agasti 5, 2013 - umkhosi wokwakhiwa kwezidumbu.

• Ngo-Ephreli 29 ngonyaka ozayo, i-icebreaker ezayo izosungulwa. Yiya ekusetheleni imishini.

• NgoNovemba 18 ngonyaka ofanayo (2014) - ukufakwa kwamakholomu wokuqondisa izibani.

• Disemba 2014 - Ephreli 2015 - ukuhlolwa kwezimoto.

• Ngo-Agasti 12 - ukulethwa kwe-winch yokudonsa, i-windlass ne-winning ama-winning ama-colleagues aseFinnish.

• Ngo-Septhemba 12, 2015, ukuhlolwa kwezilwandle kwe-icebreaker "Vladivostok", okwaqala kuze kube ngo-Okthoba 5.

• Ngo-Okthoba 9, 2015 eSt. Petersburg, umkhosi omkhulu wokusayina isenzo sokuzinikela-ukuthola umkhumbi.

Izici zobunjiniyela

Esinye sezici ezithakazelisayo zephrojekthi 21900, okwaba ukuqaliswa okulula kwephrojekthi 21180, kwakuyikholomu yokuqondisa. Izikebhe zeqhwa le phrojekthi cishe ayinayo umqondo we "gear reverse". Ngenxa yesistimu yezingcweti ezengeziwe, u-Vladivostok ungahamba kunoma iyiphi indlela ngejubane elifanayo, okungenani ngekhala, okungenani ngasentshonalanga, noma ngecala. Kule phrojekthi 21180 ayikho imicu - kukhona ama- propellers atshalwe ngokuqondile engxenyeni yemoto kagesi, empeleni ngaphandle komzimba we-icebreaker, kuyilapho eVladivostok ingaphakathi.

Njengoba nje i-icebreaker ye-nyukliya, i-Vladivostok inesibalo samanzi esivumela ukuba uhlale olwandle izinsuku ezingaba ngu-40, imishini yokuhamba yesikhashana eyenza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isebenze kokubili olwandle olucacile nasezimo ezinzima ze-Arctic, kodwa ayithathwa njengeklasi Izikebhe zeqhwa.

I-Atlant

Ngokuba "i-Vladivostok" nemiyalo elandelwayo, abakhi bemikhumbi baseViborg bakhela ibhagi ekhethekile yokuzifaka "Inetha" ngezinyanga ezingu-10. Isimiso sokusebenza kwayo sihluke kancane emgodini ojwayelekile, ngaphandle kokuthi "i-Atlant" imatasa ekwakhiweni, hhayi ukulungiswa kwamanje. Umthamo we-barge wenza kube lula ukwakha imikhumbi kuze kube ngamamitha angu-150 ubude futhi kufike kumamitha angu-30 ububanzi (ubude be-Vladivostok ~ amamitha angu-120, ububanzi bamamitha angu-27).

Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwayo, kwasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezikhethekile zensimbi, ngenxa yokuthi ibheji liyakwazi ukusebenza ku-iqhwa. Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kuyo kungenziwa amahora angu-24 ngosuku kanye nezinsuku ezingu-365 ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke, i-icebreaker "i-Vladivostok" yakhiwa eminyakeni emibili nje. Ngaphandle kokwethulwa nemikhumbi yokwakha, ibhaji yenzelwe ukwamukela imithwalo ngaphandle kwesakhiwo somkhumbi.

Ukukhulisa ifulegi

Isivivinyo esikhulu somkhumbi ukufika eSt. Petersburg nokubhikisha ekuxosheni kukaLieutenant Schmidt. Kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu (kusukela ngoSeptemba 22 kuya kuNhlangulana 25) ngezikhathi eziningana noma ubani ongafika lapho ahlole i-icebreaker entsha ethi "Vladivostok". Umkhosi wokugubha umkhumbi wawungenye yezenzakalo ezihleliwe zombukiso, futhi ngoSeptemba 23 i-tricolor yaseRussia yaphakama ngaphezu kwe-icebreaker.

Njengoba umbusi wesifunda esho enkomfeni yabezindaba, leli liholide langempela lonke izwe. Lesi senzakalo saba khona ngabamele abamele iziphathimandla zendawo, iSekela likaNgqongqoshe wezokuThutha, abameli beMikhandlu ye-Black, Caspian kanye ne-Azov Seas, omele ukuphathwa kwamapayipi aseBaltic Sea.

Ukuhlola

Ngaphandle koku "vakashela" lo mbukiso, cishe inyanga i-icebreaker yayisolwandle oluvulekile. Ukuhamba komkhumbi, ukusebenza kwamayunithi ngabanye kanye nawo wonke amasu ahloliwe. Ukuhlolwa kwezilwandle ngemikhumbi yalesi sifundo kubandakanya izingxenye ezimbili. Ukusebenza ngokuqondile - olwandle olucacile, nokuhlolwa kweqhwa - ezindaweni ezikude ngokusemandleni ezindaweni ezizayo zomkhumbi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngezikhathi zonke ukushiyeka. Ukuhlolwa kwesibili kweqhwa kuhlelwe ngo-Ephreli 2016. Ngokungafani nomsebenzi osechwebeni, ngalesi sikhathi izinhlelo zokubiza echwebeni laseMurmansk, bese kuthi "uVladivostok" uzoya e-Arctic ukuze avivinye ukuqhuma kwesibhamu.

Njengoba kubikwe emithonjeni esemthethweni, i- icebreaker izoya e- Arctic kaningi. Inkampani okufanele ayenze "i-Murmansk" - umkhumbi wesibili owakhelwe ngokuvumelana nomsebenzi we-21900 M eHelsinki. Emva kokuqedwa kwazo zonke izivivinyo, zombili imikhumbi kufanele ibuyele eSt. Petersburg.

Izici zemikhumbi

Manje sekuyisikhathi sokubheka ngokucophelela i-icebreaker "i-Vladivostok": izici zobuchwepheshe, ukufuduka, amandla enjini kanye neminye imingcele. Ukuze siqonde kangcono, ake siqhathanise nezinsimbi zokuqhaqhazelayo "eMoscow" (21900) no "Vladivostok" (21900 M). Ngakho-ke, inani labadoti "eMoscow" ngabantu abangu-26, emkhunjini omusha - 37. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi eyinhloko, i-icebreaker entsha ingasetshenziswa njengesitsha sokucwaninga, bese ihamba nabososayensi abangaphezu kuka-25. Ubude bungu-114 no-119 amamitha, ngokulandelana. Ukufuduka kungamathani angu-14 000 no-14,400. Ububanzi bungama-28 no-27 wamamitha. Ngeke siqhathanise izici ze-deck, vele ukhombise ukuthi i-icebreaker entsha isolwe kusukela ohlangothini kuya kwesinye, futhi ngaphansi kwepakethe ye-helicopter eye yathuthela ekhaleni likaVladivostok, indawo ewusizo yedokodo iyaqhubeka futhi. Okujwayelekile kuzo zombili amaphrojekthi enye - bobabili babo bangokwesigaba sezikebhe zikagesi zikagesi, kulokhu ziyizikebhe ezinjenge-diesel-electric icebreakers.

Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, indawo yokusetshenziswa kwezitsha zephrojekthi entsha ivulekile ngokwanele. Ngaphezu kokubeka umzila ngejubane eliqhubekayo elifinyelela ku-2 km / h, bangasebenza njengezicwaningi, izimboni nezokuhambisa.

Ukusuka ngaphakathi

Ngaphandle kwezici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe, kungacaciswa ngokucacile ukuthi abathuthukisi babuyekezwa hhayi kuphela izici ezihambayo. Isakhiwo esisha senzelwe izitsha zeqhwa leprojekthi entsha. Yonke imininingwane ihlangabezana nezimo zomnotho, ukuqina, ukuphepha komlilo. Njengoba kuphawulwe abamele amanyuvesi amaningi aseSt. Petersburg (abathweswa iziqu bangase bawahloniphe ukujoyina iqembu lemikhumbi elisha) - okokuqala kungabizwa ngokuthi "ikhaya langempela elwandle". Siyaqaphela ukuthi izinhlelo ze-corporation, ezibandakanya isitshalo seVivborg, ukudala amafemu akhethekile ekukhiqizeni ifenisha yezinto ezisebenzayo nezihle. Ngempela, into esemqoka ebhizinisini ayiyona insimbi, ukwakhiwa, imishini, kodwa abantu abalawula konke lokhu. Futhi uma sicabanga ukuthi indawo yokusetshenziswa kweziqhumane ezintsha zeqhwa ayigcini ekusebenzeni ezindaweni zamanzi ezichwebeni, le nkinga ibaluleke kakhulu.

Isiphetho

I-icebreaker i-Vladivostok iqalile impilo yayo yokusebenza ekuhambeni kwebusika 2015-2016 echwebeni lase-Russia elwandle lama-Primorsk. Ngo-Ephreli 2016, wayebambisane noMurmansk, owesibili we-icebreaker weprojekthi engu-21900 M, ehlolwa nge-ice kuya e-Arctic. Njengoba bethi kuyo yonke imikhumbi - izinyawo ezingu-7 ngaphansi kwe-keel nomsebenzi ophumelelayo kokubili ezimweni zeqhwa nasemanzini ahlanzekile