Kulabo usanda ukuthatha izinyathelo kuqala electronics, kubalulekile Kumelwe uqale ndawana thile. Hhayi-ke, siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze imibono engase ibe usizo esikhathini esizayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunikeza umqondo wokuthi kufanele kwenziwe okuthile. Yini ukukhetha, uma ufuna ukwenza elula electronic ezenziwe ekhaya ngezandla zakho siqu? Nazi ongakhetha engasetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Simple amandla ukulawula ngokuba izibani ezithambile isiqalo
Lolu hlobo idivayisi is kabanzi. The elula - a diode ezivamile okuyinto ixhunywe ku uchungechunge nge umthwalo. mithetho ingasetshenziswa isikhathi operation kwesibani incandescent, futhi ukuvimbela okweqile sensimbi nokunamathisela ngomthofu. Zingase futhi angasetshenziswa ngokulinganisa siguqula amandla anhlobonhlobo amagugu. Okokuqala izoba yikhaya ezenziwe kakhulu elula electronic ngezandla zakho. AmaSu ungase ubone lapha.
Indlela ukuvikela amapayipi voltage iyehla iyenyuka
Le yunithi iyanqamula umthwalo uma amapayipi voltage lingaphandle. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa ngaphakathi ukuphambuka evamile 10% kusukela ejwayelekile. Kodwa ngenxa yesimo kwamandla supply system ezweni lethu uhlaka esinjalo njalo saphawula. Ngakho, lo voltage kungenzeka izikhathi ephakeme kunaleyo 1.5 noma ephansi kakhulu kubantu kunokuba kufanele. Ngokuvamile umphumela uba ezingemnandi - imishini ehluleka. Ngakho-ke, kukhona isidingo idivayisi ezokwenza wavala umthwalo phambi into kuyodingeka isikhathi ukuba ashise. Kodwa uma udala isidingo okuzenzela ukuba aqaphele, ngoba umsebenzi oyokwenziwa nge ukungezwani okukhulu.
Indlela yokwenza kwe-transformer nokuphepha
Imiklamo ehlukahlukene ngogesi ngokuvamile basebenzisa transformerless ugesi. Ngokuvamile ezifana Amadivayisi amandla ongaphakeme, futhi ukugwema uthuthumele kagesi, ezibekwe i izindlu ekuvikeleni plastic. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ulungise, bese kukhona lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela kwesidumbu. Ukugwema ukulimala okungase kwenzeke, sebenzisa i ngabodwa transformer ukuphepha. Luphinde bube usizo esikhathini ukulungisa kanye namadivayisi enjalo. Ikhipha bona aqukethe Windings ezimbili ezifanayo, ngayinye yaba yakhelwe a ukalwe voltage inethiwekhi. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo amandla transformers luyehluka in the ububanzi 60-100 Watts, imingcele elikhulu kangakanani ulungise electronics ahlukahlukene.
Simple amandla oluphuthumayo ukukhanyisa
Kuthiwani uma kudingeka uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka amandla kini ogcina ukukhanya isayithi? Impendulo ezinseleleni zingakhiqiza ngesibani eziphuthumayo, wenza ngesisekelo ejwayelekile izibani energy-saving, amandla okuyinto ingeqi 11 Watts. Ngakho uma ufuna ukukhanya endaweni ethile ephasishi, igumbi Umbuso noma emsebenzini, kubalulekile ukubeka okuzenzela. Ngokuvamile ebukhoneni voltage babesebenza ngokuqondile amapayipi. Lapho iphele, isibani uqala usebenza ngamandla webhethri. Lapho voltage ubuyiselwa enethiwekhi isibani izosebenza, futhi ngokuzenzekelayo Ukushaja ibhethri. Kuhle ezenziwe ekhaya electronic ngezandla zabo basala ekupheleni isihloko.
Isinyathelo-up Regulator amandla nokunamathisela ngomthofu
Ezimweni lapho kubalulekile solder noma okukhulu ezingxenyeni ngokuvamile kwehlisa supply voltage, ukusetshenziswa solder iba yinkinga. Futhi ukuze uthole okwandisa amandla can Umlawuli kulesi simo. Kulezi zimo, umthwalo (ie, nokunamathisela ngomthofu) is eyayithelelwa kuyalungiswa amapayipi voltage. Ushintsho yenziwa ngokusebenzisa capacitor electrolytic, capacitance zazo ihlinzeka voltage mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 1.41 e inethiwekhi. Ngakho, lapho standard voltage Inani 220 uyakuninika 310 V. Uma kukhona elizowela, bathi, 160 V, kuvela ukuthi 160 * 1.41 = 225.6 V, okuyinto ezosebenza kahle. Kodwa lena kuphela isibonelo. Wena unethuba lokwenza wesifunda, kufanelekile imvelo yakho.
The elula twilight switch (photorelay)
Khathi wakha izingxenye ezintsha manje kudingeka izingxenye ezimbalwa ukwenza uhlobo oluthile kudivayisi. Ngakho-ke, ezivamile twilight inkinobho badinga ukuba 3. nje Futhi sibonga unenkululeko design kungenzeka futhi ukusetshenziswa esisetshenziselwa: esakhiweni sokuhlala; ukukhanyisa kuvulandi noma egcekeni emzini womzalwane, noma ngisho ekamelweni elihlukile. Ekhomba izici lo mklamo ngokuthi inkinobho twilight, ukuyibiza ngaphezulu "isithiyo ukukhanya." Ungathola eziningi ukuqaliswa izikimu eziye zenziwa noma abathandi, noma osozimboni. Sinenkosi isethi ezabo izindawo emihle nemibi. Njengoba izindawo omubi ngokuvamile ngokuthi noma isidingo DC voltage umthombo noma yinkimbinkimbi wesifunda. Futhi, uma uthenga imininingwane ezishibhile futhi elula noma amasethi lonke ngokuvamile bakhala ngokuthi umane ushise. Isikimu obusebenzayo kusekelwe izingxenye ezintathu:
- Photocell. Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kwakhe ukuqonda photoresistors, phototransistors futhi photodiodes.
- Comparator.
- Triac noma edluliselwe.
Lapho kukhona emini, ukumelana ngesikhathi photocell liphansi, kanye comparator voltage ingeqi embundwini. Kodwa ukuba umuntu amane nje mnyama - njengoba ngalesi sikhathi esifanayo kuhlanganisiwe umklamo kungenziwa.
isiphetho
Nazi ezinye ezithakazelisayo ezenziwe ekhaya electronic ngezandla zakho siqu kungenziwa. Into esemqoka lapho into akusebenzi - silokhu sizama, bese konke sizokwazi. Okuhlangenwe nakho inzuzo, ungakwazi udlulele ngaphezulu izikimu eziyinkimbinkimbi.