I-Tsar Crown Flower: Ukutshala, Ukukhula Nokunakekela

Iningi labalimi bethu bakholelwa ukuthi umqhele kaTsar, owaziwayo futhi okhulayo cishe emazweni onke engadini, ubizwa nangokuthi i-hazel grove yomqhele wamakhosi, uye wahlobisa izivande zaseRussia isikhathi eside. Lesi sitshalo sithandwa kakhulu, kanti entwasahlobo elangeni ungakwazi njalo ukubona izihlahla zezitshalo ezinombala ophuzi, obomvu nezolintshi "noma" iminduze ephikisiwe, "njengoba bebiza le mbali phakathi kwabantu. Naphezu kwalokhu, abalimi abaningi babuza imibuzo ngokuthi ngabe batshale yini imbali kahle umqhele wasebukhosini, ukuthi kungani ungaqhakazi, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani futhi uyayinisela, kunokuba usondle nini. Sizozama ukukhuluma okwengeziwe ngalesi sitshalo esihle kanye nokuzikhethela kokutshala nokukhula.

Kungani bambiza lokho?

Ngaphambi kokucabangela izici ze-biological and agrotechnical zokukhulisa i-hazel grouse yomkhosi, ake sihlole amagama ayo. Ngokokuqala ngqa ezincwadini ze-botanical, lesi sitshalo sikhulunywa ngo-1570 ngaphansi kwegama elithi Corona imperialis (umqhele wesihlalo sobukhosi) ngenxa yamaqabunga aphezulu, aphakanyisiwe aphezulu, afana nomqhele, abeka imiqhele ekhanyayo. NgesiLatini, imbali yomqhele wasebukhosini, isithombe osibona ngezansi, ubizwa ngokuthi "fretillaria", okusho ukuthi "indebe yodayisi" noma "i-chess board". Amagama anjalo ahlotshaniswa nombala womabili kanye nokuma kwezimbali ngendlela yeminduze eguquliwe. Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, lesi sitshalo siyaziwa njengezinyembezi zikaMariya, ngoba amaconsi amakhulu ectri avela ngaphansi kwezimbali zawo. Kodwa amaBritish abizwa amanga noma umfelokazi womfelokazi. ERussia, imbali yesihlahla sobukhosi ngezinye izikhathi yayibizwa ngokuthi umuthi oyipharadesi, kodwa iningi lazi lesi sitshalo njenge-hazel grouse ngenxa yokufana kwalo nenyoni yomndeni we-grouse.

Flower in legend

Engavamile ngesizathu esithile, izitshalo, kuhlanganise ne-fetillaria, zivame ukuzungezwe ngezinganekwane nezinganekwane ezichaza ukubukeka kwazo okungajwayelekile futhi okungavamile. EYurophu, inganekwane isakazwa ukuthi kungani umqhele wasebukhosini (imbali) "ibheka" ngezinsimbi zayo phansi. Ngokusho kwakhe, lesi sitshalo sasiseJalimeni laseGetsemane ngesikhathi sokuboshwa kukaJesu Kristu emva kokukhashelwa kukaJuda, kuyilapho izinsimbi zakhe zaziqhwa futhi zigijimela esibhakabhakeni. Lapho uMsindisi, eshiya abafundi bakhe, waya wedwa ukuyokhuleka, zonke izimbali ezazizungezile zaguqa amakhanda abo emhlabeni, kodwa kuphela umqhele wasebukhosini wahlala eqondile futhi eqhosha. Lapho uKristu eboshwa, amehlo akhe awela phezu kwalesi sitshalo. Ukubukeka kwakhe kwagcwala ukudabuka nokudabuka okukhulu kangangokuthi wayengenakuyeka ukugcoba futhi, ekhotha izimbali zakhe, "waqhuma amalangabi" ngomthunzi wehlazo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zinsimbi ziye zaphenduka phansi futhi zidwetshwe ngokubomvu.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Njengoba sibhekane namagama kanye nomlando we-hazel grouse, ake sicabangele izici zayo eziphilayo. Ubhekisela emndenini uLuliacea, uhlobo lwe-Fritillaria. Ezimweni zemvelo, umbusi we-hazel grouse ukhula eMalaya nase- Asia Ephakathi, iMedithera, ezintabeni zase-Iranian nase-Afghan nasemagqumeni. Izindawo ezikhethwayo ezinomswakama omuhle wasentwasahlobo kanye nesikhathi esishisayo, esomile sasehlobo.

Imbali yomqhele kaTsar iyisitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esingakhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-1.5. I-bulb inkulu futhi iqukethe ama-scale scaly esikalini. Abanye babo banezinso ezonweni zabo, ezingaphansi kwezimo ezihle zingakhula zibe abantwana abasha. Kusukela kulesi sibhamu esiphuthumayo sikhula ingxenye engaphezulu-isitshalo, nge-lanceolate encane noma e-oblong-lanceolate eshiya ama-10 cm ububanzi kuze kube ngu-20 cm ubude. Ngaphansi kwemibandela yeqembu eliphakathi, ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezihle, i-hazel grouse yama-emeral ikhula ibe ngamamitha angu-1-1.5 namabhuloki . Ngemuva kwembali kaMeyi, kakade ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ingxenye engenhla yale mbali iyomile, futhi isibhamu "silele". Ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla ekuqaleni i-bulb "ivuka", iqala ukwakha izimpande futhi idale ukuphunyuka konyaka ozayo, emva kwalokho iphinde "ilele" ubusika bonke.

Izici zezimbali

Ukubala kwezimpaphe ku-hazel grouse, kuye ngokuthi yizinhlobonhlobo, kungaba lu-orange, oluphuzi, olubomvu. Njengomthetho, ku-inflorescence kunamabellane ayisithupha aqondiswe phansi, ububanzi bawo obufinyelela ku-10, ubude buka-5 cm. Manje kunezinhlobonhlobo lapho ama-buds engekho khona kodwa emigqeni emibili. Izimbali ze-orange kanye nezibomvu ezimhlophe eziphakathi kwe-vein central, futhi nangaphandle ezingxenyeni ezivame ukutholakala "ngemivimbo" encane yombala ocebile we- burgundy. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuvulwa, izimbali ziqala ukuhlukana. Ngenyanga yokuqala ehlobo, umqhele wasebukhosini (imbali) uveza izithelo ze-hexahedral, ngobukhulu obuseduze nezimbali, - amabhokisi agcwele imbewu. Njengoba zivuthwa, imbewu iyakhohlisa, kepha imbewu ayiqhubeki, njengoba izithelo ziqondiswa phezulu.

Sithenga isitshalo sokutshala

Uma phakathi komakhelwane nabangani akekho okhulisa ama-friillillaria, khona-ke ngeke kube nzima ukuthenga ama-bulb alokhu okuphela. Namhlanje bathengiswa ezihlukahlukene zemidwebo yembali, iziteshi zokubeletha ezikhethekile, izikhungo zegadi kanye nezitolo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga okuhlukahlukene okuthandayo, khumbula ama-nuances alandelayo:

1. Ungafaki ngaphezulu kwama-bulb ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha nezinhle. Intengo kaningi izikhathi eziphakeme kunezohlobo zakudala, futhi ngenxa yalokho, i-hazel e-orange ye-orange noma umbala ophuzi izokhula.
2. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwakha ibhulabhu yembali umqhele wasebukhosini, isithombe osibona ngaso, singahluka ngobukhulu. Vele uthenge lezo ezingaphansi kwezingu-4 ububanzi, akufanele, ngoba ukuguga kwezimo zethu kungadla isikhathi eside, ngeke ubone izimbali eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
3. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, impahla kuphela yokutshala, okungenani ububanzi buka-6 cm, i-blooms ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, kuzo zonke ezinye izimo kuzothatha iminyaka eminingana ukuba ikhule.
4. Abalimi abaningi badideka yibo emgodini ophakathi kwebhubhu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusona isici noma umshado, kodwa indawo lapho ihlumela leminyaka eyedlule ikhula khona.
5. Iphunga elibukhali kakhulu eliqondile elivela e-bulb livamile, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo sizivikela kumagundane.

Indawo yokupheka

Izinto zokutshala zithengwa, udinga ukukhetha indawo lapho utshalwe khona kahle, ukuze isitshalo siphume kahle futhi njalo ngonyaka sijabulela izimbali zayo. Eqinisweni, "i-Crown's Crown" iyimbali, ukulima okungeke kulethe izinkinga eziningi nezindleko ezikhethekile zamandla nesikhathi. Ngokuba i-hazel grouse yombusi, indawo iyafaneleka kokubili elangeni nase-penumbra, efudumele futhi ivikelwe emashikheni. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi inhlabathi ivundile futhi ivulekile. Uma isayithi inemhlabathi enzima, kufanele kudingeke ukuthi kube khona imithombo emihle, ngoba lesi sitshalo asibekezelelisi amanzi amaningi. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ukukhulula nokuthuthukisa inhlabathi enzima, sebenzisa isihlabathi somfula kanye nomquba obolile ngezinga lika-10-15 kg ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye.

Izimbali zeTsarskaja Korona: ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ezindaweni eziphakathi, ama-bulb ofillaillaria atshalwa ngoSepthemba-Okthoba, ngokushesha emva kokuthenga esitolo. Uma impahla yokutshala unayo noma itholakala kwabanye abalimi, emva kokuba izimpande ezintsha ziqala ukwakha. Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-bulb kuyadingeka ukuphatha ngesisombululo se-phytosporin noma i-manganese. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba ufafaze izimpande ezintsha ngokuvuselela izimpande noma amalahle aqhekekile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshala ama-bulb ekujuleni okwanele:

• Abantu abadala, abanesisindo esingaphezu kuka-6 cm - kusuka ku-25 ukuya ku-30 cm;
• Kudinga ukukhula - 15-20 cm;
• Izingane ezincane - 5-10 cm, kuye ngobukhulu.

Ibanga eliphakathi kwe-plantings kufanele libe ngaphansi kwezingu-20, kodwa lingcono futhi lingama-30 cm. Zonke izitshalo kufanele zimbozwe noma zimbozwe ngamahlamvu emngceleni wobusika.

Imbewu yokutshala?

Ngaphezu kokuphindaphinda i-bulb-babies, kungenzeka ukuba ukhule imbali kusuka emzimbeni we "Tsar's Crown". Ukukhula ngale ndlela kude kakhulu, izitshalo zendlela zizokhula ngale ndlela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Imbewu ye-hazel grouse yombuso inconywa ukuba ihlwanyele emhlabathini masinyane emva kokuvuna, ibafake ibe yi-cm eyodwa emigodini ibe ngu-10 cm ububanzi, igcine ibanga elifanayo phakathi kwemigqa. Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, khona-ke entwasahlobo yonyaka ozayo kuzoba nezithombo. Izithombo kufanele zondliwe minyaka yonke nemifino eyinkimbinkimbi. Kusukela eneminyaka emibili ubudala, ama-bulbu kumele avuzwe futhi aomeswe njalo ngonyaka.

Kulungile kanjani ukubheka?

Imbali "i-Tsar's Crown" ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo siphuthuma kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi sidinga ukuba sikhulelwe umcibisholo omuhle wonyaka we-fritillaria. Le mbali ifanele cishe noma yikuphi ukugqoka okuphezulu, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga amaqabunga amancane, angabangela ukushisa kwamahlamvu. Uma ungahle uhlele ukukhiqizwa kwembewu yalesi sitshalo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuwa phansi amacembe nokuhlanganisa izithelo zamabhokisi kufanele zisuswe, ukuze i-bulb iqoqe izakhi.

Ezindaweni eziphakathi, i-hazel grouse yombusi ivikelekile kakhulu ebusika. Kule nsila, i-spruce noma i-pine lapnik, umhlanga, obekwe endaweni engaphansi kwezingu-30 cm, ungasetshenziswa. Kungenzeka ukumboza izitshalo kuphela emva kokuqala kwamazinga okushisa aphansi. Ukuphesela kwasekuseni kwentwasahlobo kususiwe.

Ngayo yonke imithetho, umqhele wasebukhosini ngemuva kokuphuziza kwe-stem kufanele ugobe njalo ngonyaka. Kodwa okuhlangenwe nakho kwezimbali eziningi kubonisa ukuthi izitshalo azibheki ikakhulukazi ukumba yonke iminyaka emithathu kuya emine. Ukwehlukana okunjalo emithethweni akuthinti ukuphakama kwesitshalo kanye nekhwalithi yezimbali zalo.