I okusezingeni eliphezulu polyethylene yamangqamuzana: Uhlolojikelele, izici, ububanzi

Nsuku zonke, ku mkhakha womsebenzi womuntu yethula izinto ezintsha etholwe ngemishini. Omunye walena uwukuba a eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene, okuyinto vele ne-yalolucwaningo 50 kwekhulu elidlule isibe mkhiqizo wokuthengisa, kodwa kuyanda ngempela kuze kube manje.

incazelo

I eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene ingenye kwezinhlobo we Thermoplastic ethylene polymerized. Sici Its main - a amaketanga yamangqamuzana eside kakhulu. Basuke beyiqonda kangcono futhi udlulise lo umthwalo, "balwisana" ekuxhumaneni kwabo aphakathi.

Umbala wawo ezibonakalayo akuyona ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo Plastics. It has no iphunga, ukunambitheka, awusebenzi ifa izakhiwo anobuthi. Yena kokwenza abafonayo umbala ukuqaliswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo it has iqoqo izindawo ukuthi ukuhlukanisa kuwusizo phezu kwezinye polymers.

I eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene sisetshenziselwa izinto kanzima ngamandla okusezingeni eliphezulu nomthelela. Uyakwazi ukumelana voltage ngobukhulu eside. Akukona ungamunca umswakama, ngenxa lokho akusho uxhumana isikhumba womuntu futhi kubonakala oshelelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has a ukumelana nokuhuzuka okusezingeni eliphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-steel) futhi Coefficient eliphansi friction.

I izakhiwo eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, Isici esiyinhloko polymer okusezingeni eliphezulu amaketanga yamangqamuzana made. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bababukela kuthambekele luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa. Kwahlelwa kakhulu zifana kuya komunye nomunye. Lokhu kuchaza amandla material.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene yakha amaketanga olude, ukuhlobana molecule ngabanye ibuthakathaka. Lesi sibalo ingaphansi kunobukaJohane Kevlar okungenani impahla okuhlala. Lesi sici kwenza polymer akuyona nokushisa ukumelana - lincibilike ezingeni lokushisa 144 degrees Celsius.

Kulesi polyethylene Ukwakheka ebuzwa esters, ama noma amaqembu hydroxyl, okuyinto enze izinto ukungenwa ezindaweni amakhemikhali asebenzayo futhi ezinzima. Ngenxa yalolu ketshezi akuyona amanzi angaphansi, umswakama, ama-ejenti nolaka, angenziwa imisebe ultraviolet.

Izindlela eziyinhloko lokucubungula

Izidingo okufanele zenziwe polyethylene ephezulu yamangqamuzana, GOST 16338-85 iqukethe. Ngokusho kwabo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezici indaba eyenziwa kwethonya metallocene yelikhono monomer - ethylene. Ukuze imikhiqizo ngqo lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo eyinhloko yokwelashwa asetshenziswa:

1. Ijeli-ukuphotha. Izinto zokusetshenziswa axutshwa nezinkolelo kuphela. Ungqimba kwaphumela icindezelwa ngokusebenzisa ukuvuleka emanzini. intambo Bafunde niyishise amaziko kanye kanyekanye edonsa nokususa uketshezi.
2. Hot ucindezele futhi sintering. Ungqimba powder onomfutho ngebutho elikhulu, kanjalo ukuthola impahla eyohlobo. Kungaleso sikhathi-ke ukushisa kabi - sintering ezingeni lokushisa 150-200 degrees.
3. Ram extrusion. I impahla eluhlaza is bhotela ukuba mass iraba-like eyohlobo bese extruded ngokusebenzisa Imibhobho esemzimbeni ekhethekile.

kabanzi Iningi gel-ukuphotha. Ngempela, ngale ndlela etholwe eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene Imicu yotshani kokuba amandla aphezulu.

Sebenzisa umkhakha lempi

I okuzenzela asetshenziswa ukwenziwa eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polymer okuyinto kabanzi esetshenziselwa ukudalwa izembatho zokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi izivikelo zomzimba. Ngenxa yalaba izakhiwo sesigcilikisha njengoba ongaphakeme isisindo ethize kanye okusezingeni eliphezulu sobala isivuno ukucindezeleka (isilinganiso lezi indices kuyizikhathi 7-8 kunakunoma steel) zempi etholwe ukukhanya futhi livikela zesibhamu, eziyingozi kanye nezinye izakhi elimazayo.

zempi umzimba eyenziwe amashidi etholwe ngokuxubanisa kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba komunye nomunye ngaleso-engeli lehlukene. Ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe enjalo ivele Indwangu multiaxial - okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi webs lwengilazi ukuthi sikhuthazele ekucindezelekeni ukuphendukela kunoma iluphi uhlangothi. Isetshenziswa ukuvikela umzimba kanye emikhawulweni eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene. Izakhiwo Indwangu multiaxial ongavikela nezimoto armored, kanye nokusetshenziswa fibre ukwakha cut amagilavu ukumelana.

Kusetshenziswa imithi

Kwezokwelapha, eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko for kudalwa izimila ngoba inyonga yomgogodla ka kwedolo. Ngokokuqala ngqá iye yasetshenziswa enenhloso anjalo esikhathini esikude 1962. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ngaqala zidonse isikhathi eside.

Kabanzi futhi ilungiswe impahla - reticulated noma polymer cross-ezixhunyiwe. It is etholwe eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polyethylene Imicu yotshani obstrelivaniya gamma ray noma ama-electron, okuyizinto crosslinked nomunye lokuluhlaza. Ngemva kwalokho, is phansi ithonya ezishisayo, okuyinto kunciphisa namachibi zokunciphisa yayo ikhono.

Ukotini Wekhethelo esekelwe lezi izinto zokusetshenziswa asetshenziselwa suturing. Umholi enkulu ekwakhekeni mikhiqizo yiyona DSM inkampani, enezela emakethe ntambo ngoba sutures wezokwelapha okuthiwa Dyneema Uhlanzekile.

Sebenzisa umkhakha

Inqubo esetshenziswa kabanzi embonini usuthole eliphezulu yamangqamuzana polyethylene ishidi, okuyinto enikeziwe ekukhiqizeni emakethe setshe ukushuba 2 cm. Ngesisekelo ekhiqizwa plastic iwindi ekilasini ophambili PVC-panel ukumiswa kanye PVC okusezingeni eliphezulu amaphrofayli.

Ngo isiqoqi sama-softwe ukwenziwa izindandatho uphawu, amabombo, ukudalwa izingxenye, abasebenza uwoyela wokubacindezela noma ophansi, futhi izinhlelo womoya nge high yokusebenza ingcindezi, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa polyethylene ephezulu yamangqamuzana 1000 - ingenye kwezinhlobo polymer main.