Ezemidlalo ezindizeni - machines Aces yangempela

Abaningi ngiphuphe njengoba ingane ukuthi siphakamise ku fighter air combat ne-multi-ton umgibeli liner. Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izifiso zethu ezimiselwe kwenziwe, futhi iphupho esibhakabhakeni iyathinteka. Kodwa abashayeli bezindiza kuhlulekile kusadingeka leli thuba zihlale oshayelayo. Wakhe zinikeza ezemidlalo izindiza.

Kuyini indiza yezemidlalo

Nokho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo nebhanoyi, noma aeroklubovskoy. Ezemidlalo izindiza esetshenziselwa ukubeka kokuqala amakhono indiza Wabasaqalayo kanye isiyalo ezemidlalo ahlukene lapho umncintiswano esiqhutshwa aerobatics phakathi Aces yangempela. ERussia, izwe elaliyiSoviet Union ezemidlalo izindiza kwaba isesimweni esingesihle, kodwa kancane kancane ekuqaleni ukuze alulame. Yak - ezemidlalo izindiza, okuyinto ebalulekile izindiza zethu ezincane. Ezisetshenzisiwe UC-52, FC-54, FC-55, T-YAK18. Siphinde sibe izindiza ezemidlalo Su-26 futhi AN-2, okuyinto ikakhulukazi elisetshenziswa Skydiving. Of izimoto angaphandle ungabahlukanisa-the Cessna 172 futhi Piper PA-28 Warrior.

Zonke amakilabhu emoyeni yangasese Russian. Kule ndaba, share sengonyama izindiza senziwa izizathu zentengiso. Ngakho, namuhla iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu inkonzo - Indiza ukuzijabulisa phezu indiza yezemidlalo. Ngokuyinhloko izindiza enjalo athwalwa FC-52 futhi FC-54. Ukundiza, ngempela aqukethe ku ezindizayo club - kungenzeka ukuthola ubunikazi indiza khona ilayisensi umshayeli yangasese sika, ukwenza izindiza bebodwa. Ngeshwa, kungqalasizinda Russian kanye nohlaka lomthetho izindiza Okuyimfihlo ku ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa.

Yini okufanele ibe izindiza ezinhle ezemidlalo

Kukhona izidingo eziyisisekelo okufanele zifinyelelwe ezemidlalo izindiza. Kufanele kube lula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukumelana imithwalo abalulekile sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza, kufanele kube lula ukuba fly futhi unekhono nokuqalisa indiza eside ne ukuminyana. Kube izindiza yasemoyeni. Basuke lenzelwa mncintiswano yasemoyeni futhi ube namandla aphakeme kanye nokusebenza elawula kuka nozakwabo. ezemidlalo isivinini izindiza bengase bazikhandlele kusuka 250 kuya ku-500 km / h, indiza ayimi - 500 kuya 1000 km, futhi bangakwazi nivukele 6000 amamitha.

Kukhona izidingo ezithile okumelwe ahlangabezane nazo ekuklanyweni indiza izindiza.

1. izidingo yasemoyeni selisho zangaphandle ngokwalo umbono indiza, thola ukuthi kungakanani kuyoba nesisindo uyosho iphiko geometry futhi t. D.
2. izidingo Isakhiwo ukucacisa lokufikela umshayeli ukubuka kusukela abanikeze asebenza nabo, nokho bona ukuchaza izici okufanele babe lapho kwesibaya izindiza ibe tailspin.
3. Injini kumele zihambe ngokushelela ngesikhathi imithwalo eziphakeme ezazihlobene kokwenza indiza zijike ngokushesha. Kulokhu, ukulawula imoto kufanele lula ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze ukuphazamisa umshayeli kusukela ikhuluma eziyinkimbinkimbi.
4. Amajaji yokulawula akumele ugcwale zikagesi. Izindiza njalo kwenziwe isimo sezulu sisihle, lapho ukubonakala muhle, ngakho imishini extra kuyoba kuphela ukuphazamisa ukunakwa umshayeli sika.
5. Aircraft design kunikeza inhlangano kakhulu elula disassembly kwendiza, maintainability ezinhle, eguquguqukayo babangele futhi Inkokhelo.

Ukwakha indiza ezemidlalo, kudingeka ucabangele izinto eziningi. Naphezu alula sobala, kunzima, ngezindlela eziningi umshini ephelele.

Umlando omncane

Konke ezweni lethu waqala ngo-1923 ne monoplane ANT-1 (Tupolev), ngemva kwesikhashana, ngo-1927, yena yadibana ngumuntu biplane EMOYENI-1 (Yakovlev Design Bureau). Esikhathini 30s kwaba ezemidlalo izindiza Yakovlev ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa umshayeli. Khona-ke kukhona izindiza Gribovskogo futhi edumile U-2 Polikarpov. Esikhathini 60s yokuqala landizela Yak-18PM, eyabonisa isivinini kakhulu futhi indiza ukusebenza ngesikhathi Championships emhlabeni ngo-1962 futhi ngo-1964. Ngo-1966 abashayeli bezindiza yethu wawina nezindondo yazo zonke izimfanelo kungenzeka, amadoda nje kuphela kodwa futhi abesifazane, futhi Yak-18PM owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi okungcono izwe ubuqhawe izindiza.

Ngalesi Yakovlev Design Bureau akayekile futhi isungule Yak-30 - Double jet ukuqeqeshwa izindiza. Kwabe sekulandela olulodwa Yak-32, esahlanganisa nge catapult. Lokhu indiza emangalisayo asethwe 60s 2 isivinini amarekhodi. Ngo '73 wadala edumile Yak-50. Yona futhi le ndiza alethwe izindondo eziningi abasubathi Soviet. Endaweni wayeklanyelwe Yak-52, kodwa wayezele ezinye amaphutha design. Ngo '81, lezi amaphutha kuyaqedwa ku Yak-55, okuyinto kube yimpumelelo enkulu futhi lidumile abashayeli kuze kube manje.

Ngo-1985, Sukhoi kudala compact ezemidlalo izindiza Su-26. SU ngobukhulu mancane kakhulu kunalawo UC, futhi inekhono ngaphezulu nesivinini, sisivumele ngokushesha futhi ngokucacile ngaphezulu enze aerobatics. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le indiza izinga lesikhutha emhlabeni wokuqala fibre isetjentiswe, okwakwenza kube lula nokunye livikela kakhulu ukucindezeleka.

Kuyini acrobatics?

Lo mqondo wazalwa ngo esibhakabhakeni empi. Ekuqaleni aerobatics esetshenziswa bahlanganyele kangcono isitha emoyeni. Manje-ke ngokuyinhloko ezemidlalo, ukusebenza kokubili ezindizeni zempi kanye nezemidlalo zezindiza kanye, yebo, beqeqesha abasebenzisi abasha esibhakabhakeni.

Iqala nge izimo ezilula ezifana Kuvunguza noma slide, okuyinto, ngisho esanda umshayeli angase akhiphe. Ngaphezu kwalokho cwaningo bobunjwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezifana emgqonyeni, ujikeleze entabeni, izihibe ehlukahlukene, Yiqiniso, sokuval ibhodlela. Kulezi aqondisa umshayeli ihlangabezana ukuminyana 3g. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yasemoyeni aqondisa kuyenziwa ngesikhathi ephakeme, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphepha esiphezulu. Futhi-ke, akukho isivinini izindiza nezinto ukusebenza umbukwane ngeke kuqhathaniswe ne sport izindiza yasemoyeni.