Il-20M - izindiza intelligence electronic. Kwesimo endaweni izindiza IL-20M: Esikhathini Esidlule Nanamuhla

Esikhathini zamashumi amahlanu kwekhulu XX khona kuye kwasusa umgoqo kwezobuchwepheshe electronics emhlabeni. Semiconductors waqala ukuba azixoshe zonke isibani evamile, usayizi okokusebenza ngokushesha lehla ngokushesha, kanti ithuba lokwandisa imishini. Esikhathini lempi, lezi zinqubo kuyabonakala. Signalmen wathola ukukhanya hardware compact, ukubethela amakhono amasha. Ukuhlola futhi on uqaphile. Ngokushesha, isibhakabhaka rose US "Orion", okuyinto, ngaphandle yokwephula imingcele isimo, babekwazi ukunikeza NATO umyalo esiningi ulwazi. Indlela esisabela ngayo kwaba indiza Il-20M.

I sibonelo eyisisekelo

Engxenyeni ye zamashumi amahlanu yesibili, uphawu kweSoviet umgibeli izindiza IL-18 kwaba. Yiqiniso, ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi kakade wayesenezinsuku nezinye liner Tupolev Tu-104 futhi Tu-114, kodwa eyakhelwe kumila ekuhlaseleni, abayivezi ngaso sonke isikhathi abe nekghono, ukuthembeka nenduduzo. IL-18 ngokuvamile zafinyelela Okokuqala uNobhala Khrushchev, ethanda izindiza. Lapho kuphakama umbuzo mayelana impendulo ezanele akuyona American uhlelo electronic ukukhalipha, ukukhethwa kwaba kuzenzakalele. Lezi zindlela esiyinhloko abombutho babé "umpetha trump" ezimbili ILYUSHIN airliner luyingxenye empini, ezinkulu umthamo yangaphakathi, okuvumela ukubeka gumbi eziningi imishini, kanye nomnotho. Cha, ibutho laseSoviet anizange niswele for zezindiza kaphalafini. Kwaba ikhono ebaluleke kakhulu izindlela lobuchwepheshe ukuba emoyeni nengxenye ngosuku non-stop. kwaba Kanjalo Il-20M isithunywa ahlomile. Izithombe zalesi indiza kuthola ngisho ifana ezingabalulekile ukuze American "osebenza nabo."

The main umthetho - hhayi asole

basemazweni okufika ayohlola-emthethweni kumele sifane ngumhlali abavamile, futhi kwesimo endaweni izindiza - a airliner umgibeli. Ngakho sanquma Jikelele Abasebenzi be-USSR.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu izindiza kwadingeka ambalwa umehluko kusuka kwegciwane IL-18D, umgibeli inguqulo yakamuva futhi eziphambili kakhulu, okuyinto sici kwaba anda indiza ibanga (6.400 kuqhathaniswa 4.850 km ngaphambilini kudedelwa IL-18B). Liner 1965 uchungechunge akhiqizwa eMoscow izindiza ifektri "Banner Wezabasebenzi", lapha wakhela ngo-1968 futhi Il-20M. Kusukela yezizathu zokuphepha isimo imfihlo umbala (abenzi bezindiza walibiza livery), wathola Aeroflotovskie evamile. On the ekhaleni izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali eliqoshwe umbhalo othi "IL-18", ngokuvamile, kubukeka nsé ohlangothini empini, kanye nezifundiswa kuphela abathola ukufinyelela okuyimfihlo kungenzeka lokho okungaphakathi. Kwakukhona idivayisi gumbi evumela ukuthi umfutho kanye nohlobo amasignali omsakazo ukuba yahlulele degree of kwezempi e amabutho amazwe.

imisebenzi

Phakathi umsebenzi noma ukulungiswa ubudlova, amabutho yiliphi izwe ngokukhethekile kudingeka anokuhambisana, okuyinto olunikezwa le Signal Corps. Kahle kahle, ohlangothini eduze ufisa ukwazi wawuqeda wonke lo mqulu kolwazi ngocansi, kodwa futhi ukushuba umsakazo kungaba kakhulu ekutheni uqonde. Ngaphakathi, Il-20M eliphezulu sezilimi ezempi kanye umhumushi, njalo ukulalela ukuvula imigudu yokuxhumana. He is kahle ulimi isimo engumakhelwane ekupheleleni uyazi ezilimi eziyimixhantela futhi lomkhakha esetshenziswa lempi ezingaba butho lesitha. Isimanga siwukuthi ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yolwazi ewusizo kutholakala ngale ndlela nemudrenyh. Babbler hhayi kuphela sithola i-spy.

Kodwa hhayi kuphela lalela, kodwa futhi kungaba inhloli Il-20M (isithunywa). Izithombe zithathwe nge eliphezulu iyunithi A-87P, ibanga elingamakhilomitha amaningi kuzosiza ukuba bafinyelele iziphetho mayelana kwezempi futhi akadingi ukuze bawele umngcele. Futhi-ke, zapelengovat radar bakwamanye amazwe nabo abazange ubuhlungu.

indiza

Njengoba kakade kushiwo ngenhla, IL-20M inhloli indiza yayo izici futhi isikimu jikelele umgibeli ezifanayo airliner IL-18D. Lokhu monoplane zonke-metal ne fuselage we "monocoque" isiyingi cross-section. Four Helical ophephela injini AI-20M nomthamo 4250 amalitha. a. ngamunye. Fuselage obuphelele - 35,9 amamitha ngenhla phansi ukuphakama keel - 10170 mm span airfoil - 17,4 m yayo sq endaweni 140. m. Isiphaphamtjhini-off isisindo 64 amathani imethrikhi. Speed - 640-680 km / h. Ceiling - ayizinkulungwane 10.

Yiqiniso, lapho kwakubusa umgibeli gumbi Il-20M wenza eziphindaphindekayo, kusale izihlalo kuphela izisebenzi ukukhonza eyinkimbinkimbi zikagesi. Izihlalo (abayisishiyagalombili) futhi ekhethekile yakhelwe emakhiyubhi ka parachutes, phela izindiza zempi. Njengoba indiza eside, zikhona izindawo zokungcebeleka (enkantini, toilet closet bahambe-in). Shiya ibhodi uma kwenzeka izimo normal, amatilosi can, usebenzisa kushaft okuholela wezimpahla enwetshiwe (umgibeli samuntu) dweba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, electronics scouts, abakhona kundiza, yebo, futhi umoya nezisebenzi kwamalungu amahlanu (2-pilot, umsakazo opharetha, indiza unjiniyela kanye itilosi).

Isisetshenziswa naye

Kwesimo endaweni IL-20M ifakwe eziyinkimbinkimbi elekthroniki kanye optical yokuthola ulwazi. Kuhlanganisa isiteshi "Diamond-4", "Square-2" abaphuca kudivayisi VHF "Cherry" ububanzi radar "Needle-1" ohlangothini-scan kanye nemishini optical. Ubude ekhiqizwa kweshumi amakhophi amabili IL-20M. Izithombe lezi izindiza basuke kucishe, ezimweni eziningi, ku-ibhodi azinalo inombolo evamile. Ngamunye wabo has a emaphaketheni ethize futhi yakhelwe ibanga eqondile imisebenzi, ngakho kwezinyathelo ezathathwa esilayidi.

Lenses embozwe ikhamera zasemoyeni flight by amafasitela ekhethekile, lube nezigaba f uthi afanayo radar is ebiyelwe eside (mayelana 8 m) radiotransparent ventral esitsheni nacelle. Yokukhanya ise fairings eceleni, ngemuva antenna nayo "diamond" okuyinto unomthwalo radar ukuthola.

I okwalandela isiphetho

Il-20M izindiza kungenziwa ngokuthi yayilwe isikhathi eside empini wezulu. Ukuze izwe zezindiza izenzakalo ezinjalo akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike, kodwa esimweni ngasinye singase sithi isikhathi eside izimpukane kuphela wobuciko imibono lobuchwepheshe kweqiniso. Impahla ye-elekthronikhi iba esiphelelwe isikhathi, kodwa akusho lutho, kungase kuthathelwe indawo bese ufake entsha.

ILYUSHIN izindiza waphumelela kakhulu, eziqinile, okuthembekile, lula ukuphatha futhi engabizi kakhulu. Njengamanje, kuvele ayikwazi ukushintshwa. Kuzo zonke izindlela ezingakhona ngoba indima Avionics isithunywa ungenziwa kuphela ukufeza jet Tu-214, bese kuphela emva rearrangements ngokucophelela futhi sína, ukuthi kuyindaba ithemba kude-kude. Okwamanje, nokugcina IL sika zisesimweni ukusebenza kwaba ukunakekelwa Ministry neMpi. Uhlelo yesikhathi sesimanje ezijulile.

manje IL-20M is ababethi esiku lempi zezindiza grey. livery Civil eside wakhohlisa akekho uzaletha. Lapho indiza eduze komngcele, ngokuvamile BBC emazweni angomakhelwane ukumemezela alamu ...