Enhlonhlweni elikhulu endaweni

Peninsula shayela le ngxenye yezwe has uxhumano ezwekazini, kodwa ngakolunye nxazonke by ezilwandle nakuzo izilwandle.

Enhlonhlweni esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni

Indawo yokuqala endaweni (2.7 million sq. Km.) Kuthatha eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya. Itholakala ku ntshonalanga ye-Asia. Ngakho, kuba enhlonhlweni elikhulu Eurasia.

Le ndawo ngokuthi "Izwe amathempeli ezimbili" eyaziwa, njengoba lesi kuyisikhathi lapho kukhona khona ababili amathempelana zomhlaba Islamic - Mecca futhi Medina. Lapha uzothola hot desert amazwe, okuyizinto kuyaqabukela kulotshwe air lokushisa iseduze zero okungenani Celsius, nge ehlane izimila nemvelo (95%). Ngakho lokho ongakwenza ukuqinisekisa impilo yakho, abahlala ehlane izifunda? Impendulo ilula - enhlonhlweni ngobukhulu has ezifakwa olukhulu "igolide abamnyama" esifubeni yayo futhi "fuel blue".

Kukholakala ukuthi le ndawo yale nhlonhlo eyaphathelaniswa enamathiselwe isihlangu Afrika, kodwa ekupheleni the Paleogene ahlukaniswe futhi ekugcineni prichlenilas ukuze Eurasia. Ngenxa enhlonhlweni elikhulu Eurasia has namathafa ukuthi kukhona okunye okucishe kufane eMpumalanga Afrika.

Olunye ulwazi mayelana ukuphi yeNhlonhlo Arabhiya

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, kule nhlonhlo Itholakala ntshonalanga ye-Asia. umngcele layo elingenhla (enyakatho) siphela cishe wamashumi amathathu enyakatho eningizimu-latitude - ku parallel 12 enyakatho nenkabazwe. Kusukela empumalanga kuya entshonalanga enkulu inhlonhlo elise phakathi 34 futhi meridians 60 longitude empumalanga. Le ndawo Imininingwane elalihlala Peninsula Okwe kumephu kuyinto 2730 sq. M. km. Ukuze uqhathanise, iqhawe umsuka Russian - Taimyr. Kuyinto enhlonhlweni elikhulu Russia, okuyinto usesikhundleni ingqikithi sq ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 400. M. km, okuyinto ezincane kasikhombisa.

Bahlanza ngasemanzini, inhlonhlo ye-ezilandelayo:

• Red Sea ogwini olusentshonalanga (ukukuhlephula, ungathola ezwekazini lase-Afrika).
• I Persian futhi Oman gulfs empumalanga (ngakolunye uhlangothi wabo Iran), kanye Arabian Sea, lelo, kanye eGulf of Aden ugeza nhlonhlo ngobukhulu ngisho eningizimu.

Engxenyeni esenyakatho yenhlonhlo kukhona "uxhumano" nge nezwekazi Eurasia, nawo onke lawa manzi basonta e-Indian Ocean.

izici impumuzo

Ugu yeNhlonhlo Arabhiya maloraschlenennye futhi iqonde. Uma sithatha futhi ukuqhathanisa enhlonhlweni elikhulu Russia, isithombe ngokuphelele okuphambene.

Kusukela ogwini eduze Red Sea, sithola elisezansi encani okuyindlela agelezela lamagquma: Hijjah (enyakatho, iphuzu esiphezulu at 2347 m) no-Asheri (eningizimu, nge esiphezulu iphoyinti 3760 m). Ngokulandelayo, ukuthuthela ogwini eGulf of Aden, Hadramout kuyinto upland. Ngokuvamile, uma ubheka eNhlonhlweni Yase-Arabhiya kumephu, kungenzeka ukuba uqaphele ezinye izici ezifanayo kanye ukuqalisa yakhe, kodwa hhayi njengoba nenhle njengoba Italy. Ngakho, endaweni lapho iminwe kufanele kube (ogwini olusempumalanga, emngceleni eGulf of Oman), Ubuye amagquma - uxhaxha El Akhdar. ukuphakama kwalo obuyisilinganiselo emhlabeni 3352 amamitha. Ngakho, kuvela ukuthi cishe lonke nhlonhlo nokuntula amagquma ukufihla ngemuva ehlane ezindaweni plain. Ugwadule olukhulu kunazo zonke enhlonhlweni - Rub 'al Khali - kuthatha cishe ingxenye yesithathu nsimu, endaweni "unyawo" ye-ndza (endaweni eseningizimu phakathi afanayo futhi El Akhdar Ukhahlamba Asheri). Futhi, kukhona ezingwadule ezimbili ezinkulu - Small futhi elikhulu Nefud Nefud. Ngasenyakatho, inhlonhlo ye esuka ezwekazini wakhwela kancane futhi ogwadule lwaseSiriya.

Isimo sezulu akuyona elihle kunawo

Izintaba ziye zaba nendima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni izimo sezulu ezikhona emazweni Arabian. Engeza lokhu, isimo ezindaweni ezishisayo, futhi kwenzekani?

Izifunda flat ngiziqhayise kwezulu ngonyaka isamba kusuka 50 kuya 100, kanye nezindawo - futhi kuze kube amamilimitha angu-70. Ukuze uqhathanise, sikunikeza edolobheni laseMoscow, lapho imvula yonyaka phakathi kuka-400 no-500 kwangu. Zonke umswakama aphume kwezilwandle pick up wena emikhulu, lapho imvula idlula eyikhulu namashumi izinkomba eMoscow. Amazinga ehlobo uhlale endaweni yamanani 30 ^{° C,} nge kaningi ukusebenza okuningi kunalokho. Ebusika izinga lokushisa angehla 7-24 degrees Celsius, nakuba kwakunabamemezeli amacala ngisho ukunciphisa zero.

Permanent emifuleni nhlonhlo ngobukhulu has cishe awekho ngesisekelo mibandela. Ehlobo boma, futhi ebusika futhi lagcwala amanzi. Ama-Arabhu esibizwa emfuleni "emfudlaneni". Kukhona emathafeni ngamanzi - ezivundile ezakhiwe ukusondela ukuba itafula amanzi. Ezinye izindaba zika-ndawo eyihlane, cishe ezingaphili.

Biota

Flora nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto has enhlonhlweni ngobukhulu ngesisekelo izimo zezulu, ngeke kusimangaze ukwehlukana kwayo. Ngo ezivundile kungathola izinsuku, entabeni emithambekeni sikhule Aloe, mimosa lomtholo. Esikhathini eningizimu kakhulu kuvamile fan entendeni - vismaniya. Kulezo zindawo lapho hhayi ushiyiwe ngempela, ukusakaza tinhlobo letehlukene amakhambi kanye notshani. Kwezilwane:

• izinyoni (izigwaca, intshe, bustard, loluhlata kwetjani);
• ezincelisayo (impisi, impisi, panther, impungushe, Wild futhi isisulu salo - nensephe, ibex, izinyamazane, gerbils);
• izibankwa, izinyoka, izinambuzane - ngokuchichimayo.

Izwe eNhlonhlweni Yase-Arabhiya kanye labantu bayo

Le ndawo ngobukhulu lapha ihlanganisa Saudi Arabia - insimu yalo balinganiselwa ku ayizinkulungwane 1750-2240 sq M.. km nge elinabantu abacishe babe yizigidi ezingu-23. ndoda. Ingxenye esele lihlukaniswe phakathi Yemen (ezingu-18. Pers.), UAE (2.4 million. Pers.), Kuwait (2 million. Pers.), Oman (2.6 million. Pers.) Futhi Qatar (0.78 million. keli.).

Amazwe ezifana Iraq naseJordani, libuye kancane elise kule nhlonhlo. Inani labantu base-onke lawa mazwe, ingxenye enkulu (akusho ukuthi cishe zonke) - kukhona Arabhu.

I ukwanda kwabantu inyuka zokuzamazama ugu - abantu 10-50 square kilometre, emizini emikhulu, lesi sibalo antante anamakhulu mabini. Kwezinye izifunda, kungukuthi bazivumelanisa okuba khona komuntu, okungenani abantu abangu-10 ngamunye 1 square. km noma cha.

Izinkinga abasebenzi angaphandle

Eqinisweni ethandekayo ekhathaza ohulumeni wonke amazwe ayengawabantwana hlala endaweni ngobukhulu Peninsula, kuyinto umbuzo abasebenzi angaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Saudi Arabia, zezenhlalo sona sabikezela ukuthi ngo-2030, abantu abayizigidi ezingu-39 e-ingxenye yesine ayovela bakwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kubangela eziningi lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana nokunikezwa ezindaweni zemisebenzi yabantu bomdabu kuleli zwe, futhi eminye kanye iketango kusukela lisakazeka wakhe amaningi nemiphumela engemihle, kuze kube sezingeni lokuba intsha ngaphandle umsebenzi, isiqala ukuba bahlanganyele amaqembu ziyingozi. Ngenxa ohulumeni kula mazwe wayenza yasebenza izinhlelo ukusungulwa emnothweni, injongo eyinhloko okuyinto ukunciphisa iphesenti abasebenzi angaphandle.