Crane umsebenzi endaweni: ezindaweni eziyingozi - ukubala. esakhiweni. zokuvimbela ingozi

Ukuthembeka kanye nokusebenza elingenazinkinga ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo kanye nezinhlelo - umsebenzi okudinga kalula. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi esakhiweni - endaweni ingozi lenyuka. Futhi eyodwa kwezingu elinezinkathazo kakhulu - isikhala ukuthi siqhutshwa kanye crane uhamba. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni wonke umsebenzi ezihlobene ephakamisa, uma kunqunywa endaweni crane, endaweni eyingozi izobalwa ngendlela efanele. Ukuthi kukhona izinto engase ngephutha lapho kungenzeka noma exhumene ukusebenza kwenziwe, futhi khona ngokuzimela yenqubo yokusebenza.

Egibele crane umsebenzi endaweni. Izindawo eziyingozi - okubhekisele kubo?

Ake sibheke indlela ukubala imingcele ebungozini ndawo. Umngcele kamasipala endaweni eyingozi kukaNohemu sidlula izindawo phezu okuyinto ihamba isakhiwo yezimpahla. Yini siphathelene kubo? Lokhu indawo eqondile elikhuthaza kwenda, kodwa hhayi kuphela. Ukuze-ke kumele kwengezwe ibanga elilingana isigamu zobukhulu kulencane kwangaphandle wezimpahla izoya kubo.

Khona - ngeza lapha ibanga okungenani lapho umthwalo uyakwazi lindiza kwesehlakalo, ngaphezu, ukwandisa ubungako eyingozi kwi elikhulu izilinganiso wezimpahla.

Umngcele kamasipala zone okuyinto kuncike yesondlo, kuncike ukuhamba esiphezulu jib yayo (ezikhonjiswe njengoba P (ubuningi.) V). Ukuze sithole lokho ibanga okungenani umthwalo uyakwazi zindize ekwindla, (thina selisho kwaleli nani njengoba P (isib.)), Ukuze acabangele ukuphakama ekukhuleni kwayo.

Ukuze uthole ukuphakama kungenzeka iconsi lokuthumela, sithatha kude esakhiweni we ebusweni kuya phansi wezimpahla imiswe okwesikhashana kusukela crane boom. izimpahla zokuboshelwa senziwa esebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile, eyaziwa ngokuthi cross-amalungu, ezizibeni nokunye. N.

Ukubalwa ifomula

Ngokucaca, sethula ifomula. Ukubalwa zone crane ingozi, ngokusho kwakhe, imi kanje:

PCR (OZ) = P (ubuningi.) V P + 0.5 * (imiz.) C. + P (exc.) + F (ubuningi.) C.,

lapho: PCR (OZ) - ibalwa engaba crane bokwenza umsebenzi oyingozi endaweni;

F (ubuningi.) V - esiphezulu ukufinyelela boom yayo ngamamitha;

0.5 R (imiz.) C. - isigamu ibanga ukusuka usayizi ubuncane cargo, ngamamitha;

F (. Exc) - ibanga okungenani lapho wezimpahla ezithathekayo ukwazi lindiza (ngamamitha);

F (ubuningi.) C. - esiphezulu sama Ubukhulu bayo ngamamitha.

Indlela amelela ezindaweni eziyingozi nasesakhiweni

Ngesikhathi imingcele kulezo zindawo lapho izici eziyingozi zokukhiqiza usebenza kwimodi okuqhubekayo, kufanele ufake onogada ukuphepha nokuvikela. Kulezo zindawo ezingaba yingozi, kumele yehlukaniswe off by okuwuphawu ezicijile futhi kumakwe ngezibonakaliso ukuphepha.

Ngakho, lapho ngazimisela Thepha ukusebenza endaweni, ingozi zone ukumaka indawo usebenzise izinhlamvu esungulwe GOST ethwele umsebenzi isixwayiso. Kufanele ibekwe ukuze umngcele iyabonakala kalula. Ngesikhathi ebumnyameni bosuku balindeleke ukuba angayisibekela indaba.

Setha kubo ezingqwembeni ekhethekile kumele kuvikelwe ukuze sigweme abantu ukuhamba futhi inqubo edlulayo. Lapho emikhawulweni crane endaweni eyingozi esishintshashintshayo may Abut eduze izindawo lapho abantu ukudlula (imigwaqo kanye zokuhamba). Ezindaweni ezifana kudingekile ukuba uphawule izimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso.

Insiza engamukeleki sanitary, ukungcebeleka, amavesi abantu, t. E. Zonke izindawo ukuhlala unomphela noma okwesikhashana ukusebenza ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Okunye izimo ezidingekayo

Uma endaweni eyingozi kumele kwenziwe noma yimuphi umsebenzi, ubunjalo okuyinto angahambisani kuhlelwe, isenzo esinjalo liyokwethulwa ephelezelwa Ukukhishwa imvume.

Uma esakhiweni ihlelwe ukuze ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho kuthiwa wamisa isakhiwo, azikho ezicijile ukulandelela crane, yimiphi eminyango, iza isiqondiso sakhe, kufanele ivalwe uvalwe.

Uma kukhona uzibuthe kuhlomisa crane noma uthathe, kuyadingeka ukusebenza zone kufanele abone izimpawu ezifanele isixwayiso ngokuvumelana GOST futhi ukuhlukanisa isignali imingcele.

Lapho crane isebenza, kwenqatshelwe abantu. Izikhungo kubasebenzi bayo ngobuchwepheshe asizayo ngeke bavunyelwe kuphela phakathi kwendlu kwezikhawu umsebenzi, lapho uzibuthe noma ukubambana onesikhundla abasimeme phansi.

Zonke opharetha crane nezisebenzi kufanele bafundiswe ngokuphepha lapho befeza umsebenzi onjalo. I-opharetha crane kuyadingeka hhayi ukuthi ujwayelene kwencazelo crane enobungozi umsebenzi endaweni futhi bakwazi ukusungula kwemingcele yayo, kodwa futhi ukuqonda imizila ukunyakazisa uzibuthe nokulwa.

Yini kufanele ifakwe Cranes

Uma kungekho susceptor annular phakathi izingxenye ngazinye crane - le-rotary kanye zungeza - isidingo sokuba limiter ngokushintshana.

Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka idivayisi yezokuphepha, umsebenzi okuyinto - esimweni zokugwema ukuphuka ukuthutha intambo ngokuzenzekela ayeke umsebenzi inqola.

Crane kumele unikezwe isignali ezwakalayo kabani ithoni lihlukile imoto.

Ingabe kudingeka ukuba abe voltmeter futhi imitha newashi, okuyinto wasebenza out by the indophi wezimpahla noma crane, futhi, ngaphezu, isigubhu ikhebula.

Kusukela lokho kuncike ukuphepha crane

Okuningi bese enquma ukulungisa slinging imithwalo futhi uphawu intambo. It unamathele izingxenye zensimbi kukaNohemu esebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene kokuhlanganisayo, amalunga omzimba, yesifunda nhlonhlo izibopho. Loops enisemikhawulweni ngokwenza squashing zapletki isixwayiso futhi yizindawo.

Splice izindophi umbhoshongo crane akuvunyelwe nakancane. Umthwalo kuvikelwe ngosizo indlela ephakamisa ngenxa zalapho ekhethekile ngesimo amabhlogo, ngemigqomo isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo.

Nge umthwalo block ophakamayo, ehlisela, uchungechunge ukuphakamisa wuhlelo oxhumene phakathi amabhulokhi nezinqe isilungisiwe. Izigubhu e kokusiphakamisela izindlela avele amasilinda njengoba ozwakala anemifantu Helical phezu kalula nokupakisha indophi kanye nokunciphisa izinga zokuguga.

Tower Cranes - kungani abanye ngengozi?

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo kokusiphakamisela Cranes kuqhathaniswa ngokuvamile kuncike ugoqe. Isizathu salokhu - e tesakhiwo yabo. Landela indlela kanye ngalo ihamba, njengoba umthetho, has a ububanzi (isb, ibanga phakathi komzila) hhayi amamitha angaphezu kwayisithupha. Base crane (kuba nesikhathi esithileko hlangana eksisi bogies yayo, okuyinto ahlelwe kwesinye kanye wesitimela efanayo) kubuye azinakwa futhi ngokuvamile ingeqi lokhu elifanayo.

ukuphakama kwalo libanzi, futhi kusukela kule crane Umbhoshongo kakhulu sensitive umoya umthwalo. Kuyefana nasendleleni nezinye kwezimiso yokusebenza yayo. Nge ipheshulwa eqinile crane ungawa ngisho isimo sokungenzi lutho omoya. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, isicelo anti-bacabangisise.

On kokuwa crane, okuyinto imvamisa ngempela eliphezulu, abanaso nhlobo ithonya siyaqikelela ukuba nezidingo zokuphepha. Izibalo wathola ukuthi ngokuvamile kwenzeka nalabo wabo ezisetshenziswa ukuthutha indlela wesitimela.

Kungabe kusiya

Sekuyisikhathi eside Practitioners okusolakala ukuthi isizathu izinga eliphezulu lezingozi - e ukungapheleli izisekelo ithrekhi. Njengoba izici zako ezisemqoka kulo kubonisa compaction engalingani ngaphansi ngamunye komzila. Emuva 70s kwekhulu elidlule, ucwaningo yayiqhutshelwa ngenhloso ukulawula kwabantu zokulala wesitimela, kodwa isimo sangempela, abazange babe nomthelela omkhulu - izimo Cranes ukhothamele baqhubeka.

crane abanolwazi Kunenkolelo ukuthi kungenzeka iconsi kubangelwa zithonye. Ukuhambisana inhlabathi mass ngaphansi omunye komzila uyakwazi sikhule ngenxa amaphutha zomhlaba at ephakeme imithwalo zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngenxa yalokho, valve ilahlekelwa iyasisekela futhi iyiphi displacement maphakathi gravity angawa phezu.