Common zasendle oat isitshalo

Ukhula kuletha asemrarweni zabalimi balimi. Kodwa umholi ubungqabavu yayo kusukela kunzima kakhulu ukuqeda. Sikhula okusanhlamvu kuyo yonke indawo kulinywa. Kuyinto eseduze kakolweni entwasahlobo, ibhali, i-oats, amasiko kanye nezinye izitshalo. Igama ukhula - oats zasendle abavamile. Funda okwengeziwe ngalesi sitshalo echazwe esihlokweni.

morphology

Oat Wild (elinye igama - oat) - esimila yaminyaka ikhula ukuphakama 80-120 cm zayo sifanamsindvo kukhona uqonde, nqunu. Umsuka uhlelo lunemicu athuthukiswe kahle kakhulu.

Ihamba obuphelele oluyisicaba cm 30, stem ahlelwe yemigqa. Ukuma aqonde, noma kancane basonta kwewashi. Have imiphetho ezithakazelisayo ciliated, ehlotshiswe izinwele ezingavamile futhi eside (cilia) ilandelana.

Inflorescence - eside (30 cm) elikhulu panicle. Lesi sitshalo has ezinkulu zasendle oats spikelets 2 noma 3 izimbali, izimbali zawo ziwukudla kusuka ekuqaleni kuka June kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ikhophi eyodwa lukhipha Nasezinzalweni 500-600 - okusanhlamvu othini lokuphotha emise. 1000 zasendle oat izithelo ukala 15-25 amagremu. Gcina ukuhluma yabo ngokwesilinganiso 3-4 iminyaka, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle kuze iminyaka 7-9.

ukusabalala

Endaweni ukusakazeka kwalo ubanzi kakhulu. oats Wild, kanye nezinye ukhula eziningi, ngokuphelele bazivumelanisa yezimo ezimbi zezulu. It is ibekezelelwe kahle ngokufanayo lo ukushisa nokubanda, izinambuzane "friendly" ukuthi ningathinti, ngokuphelele ukuncintisana namanye izitshalo, kokubili kwamasiko futhi ukhula, ngokuvamile ngokuwina impi ngoba indawo.

Common oat zasendle atholakala kuwo wonke Eurasia. Ngokwesibonelo, eKazakhstan, isivuno endaweni, enezinto oats ezingenalutho imayelana 4-4.5 mln. Ha! Futhi ezikhulayo kuwo wonke amagumbi eNyakatho neMelika, ngokuvamile utholakala eNyakatho Afrika. Namuhla, i-oats zasendle kudlulela ngale eningizimu, yokuvumelana izimo ezintsha futhi enqoba Nenkabazwe eningizimu planethi.

Yiziphi izimo ezifanele sokwanda oat zasendle

Izinhlamvu ziqhume ezingeni lokushisa 3-4 ° C emhlabathini, kodwa izinga lokubanda ofanele kakhulu ukuhluma - kuba 15-18 ° C. Izithombo iphila kunazo etholakala okusanhlamvu, okuyizinto at a 10-15 cm ukujula, kodwa ziqhume ngaphansi amandla futhi 20-25 cm, 30-40 cm ukujula, ngisho khona umswakama ngokwanele futhi sezulu ecacile efudumele.

imbewu Ephilayo ukuhlala ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo babengagwetshwa iminyaka engaze ibe ezintathu, futhi ngaphansi evumayo - ngisho kuze kube iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye.

Ngokusho ikhalenda abantu, omkhulu zasendle oat izithombo avele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva ku birches eziqhakaza efihlekile.

Ovsg ezivamile - isitshalo undemanding. Yena ngokwenama izindlebe imifino kanye blooms ngisho ehlobo ezishisayo. It akafi ngesikhathi sesomiso isikhathi eside. Odla izitshalo kwamasiko, ke ihleli ngemva ayehlasela nezilokazane kubhubhane. It kungokwalabo izitshalo isigaba trudnoiskorenimyh. Kunzima kakhulu ukuwina.

Kuvele iqiniso elithakazelisayo ngale sokusinda oats zasendle

Uma uthatha isithelo oats zasendle, ukuvuza kuye ambalwa amathonsi amanzi, Weevil ngokuyisimangaliso "liphile"! Yena uqala ukunyakaza - lokuqala kancane, ngokushesha ke futhi ngokushesha uzungeza kuma-axis awo. Le ndlela yokwenza ivumela Weevil bebodwa simbe enhlabathini kuya ukujula oyifunayo. Small imvula ngokwanele ukuba ebhidlikayo imbewu oat zasendle abavamile "zingaphila" futhi ngokushesha latshona phansi. Tper Weevil ngomoya ophansi dolezhat kuze komnyaka ukunikeza amahlumela.

harmfulness

Namanje oats zasendle zonke ekulweni isikhathi, ngoba infests okusanhlamvu uletha eningi umonakalo izitshalo:

• bome kakhulu enhlabathini, kusale kungekho okusanhlamvu umswakama kwamasiko. Ukwakheka 1 kg izithelo kuthatha oats zasendle amalitha 700 amanzi, uma kuqhathaniswa kakolweni - kuze kufinyelele amalitha 500;
• depletes kakhulu inhlabathi. kg 100 oat okusanhlamvu isebenzisa 50 kg nitrogen, phosphorus - 10-15 kg potassium - 30 kg. kg 100 kakolweni okusanhlamvu kudinga 30 kg nitrogen, phosphorus, 10 kg, 20 kg potassium;
• esakaza impande bola;
• Ukhuthaza ekukhuleni Swedish izimpukane, nematodes, bunt;
• kunciphisa kakhulu isivuno imali izitshalo (isib kakolweni izitshalo avimbekile uma oats zasendle ke isivuno salo stably uwela 10 kg ngehectare);
• It kweqa kalula nge-oats kwamasiko, ekunciphiseni zizalela izinga layo.

Izindlela emzabalazweni

Ukunqoba i-oats zasendle abavamile ukusetshenziswa yokubulala ukhula. ukusebenza kahle High yabonisa "Horizon 080 eliseKenikreya" futhi "Super Sihloko 240 eliseKenikreya." Ngo izitshalo zebhali Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ukhula "Axial 045".

Lapho kakhulu singcoliswe oats ezingenalutho esetshenziswa Amasimu yifusi, ukusetshenziswa imbewu moya.

Abalimi avame ukusetshenziswa ukuze ulwe ukhula eziyingozi ugunda amahlumela akhe, wayezama ukubhidliza oats zasendle ezivamile kuya esigabeni yokuvuthwa kanye kokuchitha imbewu emhlabathini. Kodwa le ndlela nizkoeffektiven ngoba zalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo yokuvuthwa imbewu panicle welulela ngesikhathi. Kusho ukuthini? Phehla siqukethe imikhakha emithathu e kazhdoi zazo imbewu uvuthwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Ezansi okusanhlamvu namanje ngempela green, futhi phezu baye sikhuntile. ukuchitheka Okugcwele ithatha wonke ngenyanga! Enye sokusinda indlela okuyisimangaliso okwakuphezu Mother Nature akuniké oats zasendle abavamile.

Kodwa akugcini lapho. Ngamunye uqimba we okusanhlamvu panicle kuhluke ukubukeka kwezinto eziphilayo izici, kufanele ikusasa labo siqu:

• e isihlanganisi aphansi okusanhlamvu ezinkulu. Luhlala wokusanhlamvu;
• phakathi uqimba izithelo kancane ezincane. Umsebenti wabo oyinhloko - ukuhlinzeka yonyaka yokuvuselela yisithombo oats lingabi nalutho;
• imbewu kulencane basesimweni uqimba phezulu panicle. Ziyakwazi abakhohlisayo kunazo futhi iphila. Ihlala enhlabathini iminyaka 7-9, futhi uma umninipulazi wajabula ngempela ukuthi Nganqoba ensimini oats yakhe zasendle abavamile, ngokungazelelwe ziqhume.

oats Wild wendabuko imithi

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ukhula ayikaqondwa kahle, kodwa abelaphi bendabuko usuthole ukusetshenziswa ke: zisebenzisa ukukwehlisela uphawu nge abscesses, ngoba zokubelethisa, ukukhulisa imisipha ithoni lesizalo, ukubhema lokuphela zavismosti, ukubhekana umdlavuza.