Chemical umkhakha emhlabeni. Amazwibela

umkhakha Chemical kuyinto umkhakha eziyinkimbinkimbi okuyinto inquma lizinga intuthuko kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe ehambisana isiqoqi sama-softwe, kanye balethe konke imikhakha yezomnotho, futhi izinto nobuchwepheshe.

Imboni chemical zomhlaba ingenye amagatsha eyinhloko umkhakha esindayo, futhi isisekelo impahla kanye lobuchwepheshe kwesicelo zesayensi kanye amakhemikhali yabo bonke imikhakha yezomnotho. Lomkhakha komnotho kunendima eyinhloko ekuqiniseni amandla ukuvikela kanye umthamo zamabutho elikhiqizayo ekunakekeleni izidingo zokuphila kunoma yimuphi umphakathi. Chemical umkhakha kuyinto izimboni zwe eliyinkimbinkimbi, ubuchwepheshe eziyisisekelo okuyizinto izindlela amakhemikhali processing izinto noma izinto zokusetshenziswa. Through the ukuthuthukiswa imboni chemical avele nokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa okuhlangene ezidayiswayo; ekhiqizwa esikhundleni izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibizayo eshibhile futhi ethengekayo; kabusha ezimbonini; kukhona ukusetshenziswa okudidiyelwe izinto zokusetshenziswa. Chemical umkhakha zomhlaba yakha eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi Amatebhe uhlelo ukuxhumana nabanye imikhakha yezomnotho, ezifana igesi namafutha-yokucwenga umkhakha, nge amalahle, ngensimbi steel umkhakha, kanye lezigodo nokukhanya. Inhlanganisela ezahlukene izimboni kanye chemical unike amandla ukudalwa wonke izakhiwo zezimboni.

Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi abantu umkhakha chemical emhlabeni kwadingeka izinkomba enkulu yentuthuko kwaze kwaba maphakathi nawo-70s. Inkinga amandla kwenkathi ijubane encishisiwe kancane yentuthuko umkhakha, njengoba ukubuyisela inqubo yokwenza igobolondo-ukulungiswa wathatha isikhathi esithile umkhakha zamakhemikhali. ukuqhubeka umkhakha chemical kwabonisa imiphumela esitebeleni, futhi okwamanje electronics umkhakha kuphela ngaphambi izindleko zokukhiqiza. I isabelo ukukhiqizwa yezimboni emazweni asethuthukile, umkhakha kumakhemikhali yesibili kuphela isiqoqi sama-softwe.

Petrochemical umkhakha eRussia isethi eyodwa umnotho kazwelonke, ezimayini nasembonini ukucutshungulwa uwoyela nemikhiqizo yalo. Ngokwezibalo, kuleli shumi leminyaka elidlule we 20th imikhiqizo Petrochemical ekhulwini zaba ngaphezulu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yonke imikhiqizo ye umkhakha zamakhemikhali ezingaphezu kwesigamu ngevolumu ukukhiqizwa izingxenye organic emhlabeni. Labo ngezabelo zazaziwa nasesikhathini umkhakha Petrochemical eRussia.

Chemical umkhakha e oyiyo liyinkimbinkimbi futhi ubulungu ezingaphezu kuka-200 ase-imikhakha, kanye ezahlukene imikhiqizo oluqanjwe embonini zamakhemikhali, kuziwa 1,000,000. I chemical umkhakha eJalimane, njengoba umkhakha chemical emhlabeni kuhlanganisa sub-imikhakha kule mboni yezimayini futhi amakhemikhali, amakhemikhali eyisisekelo futhi amapulasitiki umkhakha.

Imayini namakhemikhali umkhakha ihlobene isizinda, ukucubungula kwandzisa phosphate, umanyolo, nesibabule. Uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluthi chemical umkhakha emelelwa ukukhiqizwa umquba, nosawoti, alkalis, acid. A umkhakha polymer esekelwe zamagama organic futhi kuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa epulasitikini futhi zokwenziwa inhlaka, zemicu iraba, udayi, njll Igatsha olufanayo umkhakha Petrochemical inikeza izidingo umthengi somphakathi esisetshenziselwa womshini kwemikhiqizo yasekhemisi, photochemistry, insipho nomjuluko kwezimonyo namakha.