Galvanizing metal: ubuchwepheshe nezindlela

Ukuvikela metal ngokumelene ukugqwala wadala ezihlukahlukene izindlela namasu. Ingqikithi wabo uwukuthi ebusweni metal embozwe isakhi esithile esikhethekile. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina ifilimu elincanyana. It kuvimbela ingress umswakama, umoya-mpilo, futhi izinto ezonakalisayo phezu. Phakathi kwalezi zindlela isehlane galvanizing metal. Kuyinto ngempumelelo kakhulu.

Uhlolojikelele

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, insimbi galvanizing - inqubo ye lokunameka ebusweni articles impahla ekhethekile. izixazululo ezinjalo zisekelwe zinc, okuyinto ofanele kakhulu sokuqala impahla. It kuvimbela ukugqwala, futhi ivikela ebusweni kusukela izinto ezonakalisayo. Ishidi iphathwa has eziningi eziwusizo:

• kwandisa amandla komkhiqizo;
• ukumelana okushisa ezihlukahlukene;
• bangaveziwe izinto nolaka;
• kwandisa ukuphila komkhiqizo;
• umkhiqizo lungekho ngaphansi namachibi.

isisekelo zobuchwepheshe

Galvanizing metal yinqubo ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Le nqubo liqukethe ukuthi steel Kwamanzi embozwe isixazululo ekhethekile-zinc. Ngemva kwalokho, ifilimu ezacile, kanye okhona njengamanje owenza umsebenzi zokuzivikela, isb kuvimbela ukugqwala. Corrosion isakhiwo metal kuyehluka futhi kubangela umkhiqizo ukuba engaphelele.

Njengoba ukugqwala?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kwi umkhiqizo umswakama nomoya-mpilo kanye izinto nolaka. molecule awo awele isakhiwo ezijulile metal eholela ukugqwala. Ngenxa yalokho, phezu kukhona izimbobo. inqubo enjalo kungenzeka isikhathi eside. Ukubambezela yonke inqubo namachibi baqashwe isixazululo-zinc.

izigaba

Zinc Plating metal kuyinto zinc ku enamathela ifilimu zokuzivikela ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo. Kuyadingeka ukuba nemishini ekhethekile ukwenza le nqubo. Ngalinye timphawu idivayisi akufanele wadalula umswakama kanye izinto ezonakalisayo. inqubo galvanizing luhlukaniswe izigaba ezilandelayo:

1. Preparatory. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlanza umkhiqizo. Indawo yayo kufanele ahlanze kusukela ezintweni ezahlukene bese degrease ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona inqubo etching. Metal sihloko is egxilile isitsha isimo asidi. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa isixazululo acid sulfuric. Ngenxa metal Etching ifilimu oxide phezu kwenzeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isixazululo zinc izogcina eside. In the isinyathelo sokugcina umkhiqizo esuswa asalile acid yomiswa.
2. inqubo galvanizing. Lesi sinyathelo liqukethe ukuthi ikhambi lelungiselelwe sisetshenziswa kwamanzi. Okwenza lokho, kubalulekile ukuba Ncibilikisa zinc endaweni okugeza ekhethekile ngaphansi isenzo ukushisa. Lapho isixazululo ibhalwe sihloko yokugezela metallic wasigcobhoza futhi agcinwe imizuzu eminingana.
3. imikhiqizo Omiswe. umkhiqizo lashukumisa womile emazingeni okushisa okuvamile.

Inqubo galvanizing umkhiqizo metal kwenzeka emachibini ekhethekile.

Uma kudingeka, anemisila enethiwekhi. Naphezu amavolumu yabo abalulekile, nabo eyenziwa futhi sicubungula inqwaba izinto ezincane. Ngakho, imishini for galvanizing metal nensimbi imikhiqizo ungaba osayizi ezincane nje kuphela kodwa futhi elikhulu.

izindlela eziyisisekelo ukwelashwa

Indlela ethandwa kakhulu ukuvikela imikhiqizo metal ngokumelene ukugqwala is galvanizing. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene kule nqubo. Ngamunye wabo usetshenziselwa uhlobo oluthile metal. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo kungaba asabela nge-zinc. Kunezinhlobo ezine izinhlobo zokwelapha: hot, ezibandayo, ukwanda okusheshayo ezishisayo, Electroplating. Cabanga ngakunye kabanzi.

hot

Ukufunda imikhiqizo ngale ndlela iyathandwa emazweni amaningi. Izici zako omuhle iyona izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela isibe omunye okungcono. Kukhona futhi eziningi izakhiwo ezimbi. Kwasekuqaleni, indlela akuphephile imvelo, ngoba galvanizing isinyathelo ukulungiselela futhi isebenzisa amakhemikhali amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphakama ubunzima ephawulekayo phakathi ukucutshungulwa ashisayo. Zinc kuyadingeka ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa kule uhla 500 kuya 5000ºS. Ukuze silondoloze alolu ukushisa washisa kakhulu amandla kagesi. Hot-idiphu galvanizing metal ekhaya - ngempela inkiyankiya yenkinga.

Nezobuchwepheshe, inqubo ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili. Lokhu ukulungiselela nensimbi galvanizing. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala abathintekayo ukulungiswa imikhiqizo metal. Indawo yayo kumele degreased futhi bahlanza zonke amatshe. Emva kwalokho etching, ukuwasha kanye omiswe.

Lezi imisebenzi ebekwe imithetho.

Ukumboza ingxenye zinc kuyadingeka ukuze ujabulele it in okugeza ekhethekile. Kuyinto isixazululo ekhethekile, okuyinto kuvimbela ukugqwala. Izindlela zokuthola metal ngesikhathi esishisayo cwilisa galvanizing zingase zihluke. Bona kuxhomeke ohlotsheni kanye ukuma umkhiqizo. Lokhu ubuchwepheshe isetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, womshini wire lashukumisa, amashubhu kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D.

Ngemva bazithobisa indlela ashisayo imikhiqizo abe nokuphila isikhathi eside, ukuthi ivikelwe kusuka ukugqwala. Ubunzima kuphela iyona okugeza. Ukuze izingxenye ezinkulu kudingeka uthole okugeza elihambisana amavolumu, okuyinto okunzima ngempela. Lesi sici kuthinta izindleko. Oveza hot-idiphu lashukumisa metal? EKursk, eMoscow, Chelyabinsk, Yaroslavl - kungcono nje uhlu encane emadolobheni lapho izinkampani ezahlukene ukunikela le sevisi. Bavame sisebenze lemiqulu emikhulu kuwo.

Galvanizing metal - ubuchwepheshe

Le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho ukwelashwa kuyadingeka surface bushelelezi. Electroplating metal galvanizing ubuchwepheshe kusekelwe nokubopha izidakamizwa phezu isihloko ngenxa imiphumela electrochemical. Le ndlela kufanelekile ngokuphelele zonke izinhlobo metal. Umkhiqizo uthola iyunifomu sekugcineni ecwebezelayo. Lokhu kungenxa Fusion umgwengwezi metal ne-zinc.

On okunjena, lithintwa ukuba khona phezu kobuso doti ahlukahlukene noma ezinye amabhayisikobho. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale inqubo kufanele wenze yokuhlanza. Nge ekukhiqizweni lokhu kunzima ukulandela, ngakho galvanizing angase abe mpofu.

Indlela Electroplating kusekelwe umbhapathizo isihloko metallic endaweni okugeza, lapho ikhambi electrolyte. Ukuze uthole imininingwane echaza umthombo zamanje ixhunyiwe. Kulokhu, inqubo ye-electrolysis. Yena echayeke zinc, ehlanganisa ucezu metal.

Okuhle

The main izinga omuhle Akukhona ukubukeka umkhiqizo - ebusweni bushelelezi futhi shiny. Nokho, kukhona kusimo abalulekile. Ngaphambi nkinga ikhambi, elalisendlini yokugezela, kumele bahlanza kusuka zinc. Kule ndlela, semali imfucumfucu ukuthi ziyingozi imvelo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba ukuthenga imishini ekhethekile ezibizayo. It izokhipha zinc kusuka isixazululo. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ingenye eqolo.

Indlela yokwenza metal galvanizing ekhaya?

Le nqubo isetshenziswa amakhosi amaningi, uma udinga banetinkhulumo ezincane. Okokuqala sidinga ukuthola indawo efanele futhi wenze electrolyte. Inqubo wenziwa endaweni kahle umoya futhi ukugqoka izingubo ezivikelayo, njengoba izinhlayiya electrolyte ezingalimaza abantu. nabo isikhumba kungenzeka yabo zamakhemikhali ukusha. Ukulungisa azithathe amanzi, i-zinc sulphide, magnesium uviniga. CONCENTRATE Ready kudingeka ukuba nzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye metal lehliselwa emgqonyeni futhi balungiselela umkhiqizo anode. Ukuze obuncane zinc enamathiselwe wire yethusi, okuyinto ixhunywe amapayipi. Umkhiqizo lehliselwa singene electrolyte kanye inqubo iqala. Ngemva kwalokho, ingxenye metal womile. Electroplating galvanizing metal ekhaya kuyinto kahle kulula.

Izici Cold

Ngokuhamba Eminyakeni yamuva, le ndlela is kabanzi. essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi isihloko metallic okukhulunywa ngaso nge izinto ezikhethekile aqukethe zinc. Le ndlela akudingi amakhono akhethekile. Nokho, zikhona nemiphumela ethile engathandeki: galvanizing imikhiqizo siphelile angaphansi ukucindezeleka mechanical. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo njalo ukuqapha labaqeqeshi, ngubani ilungiselela isixazululo bese enza umsebenzi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, le ndlela ulula. Ngakho-ke, nemishini abandayo metal galvanizing ayidingekile. Umsebenzi kumele wenziwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yenhlanzeko. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, igemfe icutshungulwe, kanye imikhiqizo ku samuntu esinqunyiwe. Ukuze lokhu kuyadingeka ukulungiselela isixazululo futhi silisebenzise umkhiqizo nge ibhulashi noma roller. Imishini kuphela abandayo metal galvanizing, esetshenziswa - ibhodlela spray. Kuyasiza ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki futhi enze upende ngokulinganayo futhi ephumelelayo. Phakathi bokwenza, abasebenzisi abaningi baye babika nokwethenjelwa ongaphakeme.

Ubuciko ezishisayo okusheshayo galvanizing

Ngokusho indlela yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kodwa ethandwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

Waqale asetshenziswa England ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka. Lokhu okusungulile baba ngiyabonga eyaziwayo isazi sesayensi esidumile Sherard. Nokho, le ndlela ngokushesha ukhohliwe futhi bafaka esinye. imvuselelo kwawo kwaqala ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ubuciko ezishisayo okusheshayo ndlela ukuthi ebusweni iphathwa imikhiqizo zinc metal okuyizinto isimo umusi. Ngenxa yale njongo kubalulekile ashisise 2500ºS. Inqubo wenziwa esitsheni avaliwe uma oqukethe zinc-equkethe ingxube, nensimbi izakhi. Ubuchwepheshe lokhu inqubo kunqunywa hhayi kuphela yasekhaya, kodwa futhi ukungenisa imibhalo zokulawula.

Thermodiffusion galvanizing isebenze esimweni lapho kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukushuba microns 20. Inqubo zobuchwepheshe iyafana hot-idiphu indlela galvanizing. Nokho, kunomehluko, futhi. Umkhiqizo lelungiselelwe lehliselwa bakhonze ekwenzeni rotary, lapho ngenxa ujikelezisa amandla ukucutshungulwa kwenzeka. Le nqubo ibizwa eyenziwa for 3 amahora alusebenzise. Nge ngesineke kwezingxenye zalo ezihlukahlukene ezincane ezifana ngezikulufo kanye washers.

Ngokungafani indlela ashisayo, isicelo se-impova zinc kwenzeka nombala phezu bonke ubuso.

isiphetho

Le nqubo kusiza ukuvikela ahlukahlukene izingxenye zensimbi kusuka ukugqwala, umswakama kanye izinto ezonakalisayo. Kukhona 4 izinhlobo galvanizing ubuchwepheshe. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu futhi kufanelekile uhlobo oluthile metal. Ukungavumelani yezingxenye kuholele staining abampofu futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuze ukwehla ngamandla umkhiqizo wokugcina. Galvanizing yenzeka zokugeza ekhethekile noma bokushisa yokunyathelisa. Nokho, inqubo kungenziwa ekhaya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka bathenge izinto abazidingayo. Umsebenzi wenziwa ikamelo umoya ngendlela izingubo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela, njengoba ezinye izingxenye balimaza umzimba womuntu.