Chechen Republic, Alkhan-Kala: umlando, isenzo ubuphekula, izithombe

Festive ekuseni, Meyi 9, 2016 ukuqhuma kuba saphashanyiswa bakule ndawo ka Alkhan-Kala (Chechnya). PPC 138 liye laba yindawo isenzo zobuphekula, Uzame fighters okuqondene amaqembu abangafuni ukuthula nokuzinza esifundeni. Okwenzeka ngosuku kabanzi imbozwe abezindaba, imiyalezo ezakha isithombe ngenhloso walungisa ubugebengu. Kodwa okokuqala olunye ulwazi mayelana endaweni, lapho kwenzeka le nhlekelele.

Ezinye izibalo

Idolobhana Alkhan-Kala, ise Grozny esifundeni Chechnya. Lena nemizana kahle esikhulu. Ngokusho ulwazi 2016, labantu bayo iseduze abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nambili. At onawo zabo - izikole ezintathu yesibili, ezemfundo-ukukhiqizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, esitolo, cinema kanye Izitolo kweshumi. Izakhamuzi Alkhan-Kala, musa sibhekene nezinkinga umsebenzi - endaweni kwalesi sigodi usebenza yenkukhu ipulazi, futhi epulazini eliseduze elise "Kularinsky".

Incwadi yomlando encane

Phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi, elaliphansi kwamagquma North eCaucasus akayena umuntu futhi enamandla isimo Alania, futhi ngenxa yalokho yokuvubukula eyenziwa edolobhaneni abavubukuli Soviet ngaphezulu, yabe seyaziwa ukuthi le ndawo ine ngalezo zinsuku lalihlala amadlozi we Chechens. Lokhu kufakazelwa inombolo enkulu ezitholakala ezweni izinto zangamalanga, izikhali kanye imihlobiso, akashiyi kungabaza ngokuthi bakuyiphi Alan isiko.

Umlando walo edolobhaneni Alkhan-Kala iqala ngesikhathi Caucasian neMpi iminyaka 1817-1864. Kwakuyisikhathi inqaba Russian "Golden Valley", izinsalela ezingasetshenziswa nanamuhla ngebhange okuphambene emfuleni Sunzha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngemva izimpi olunegazi ke lathunjwa Amabutho ayengaphansi kokuqondisa umyalo abangane Shamil oseduze - abafowethu Gendargenovskimi.

Umsuka igama emzaneni

Lezi amaqhawe yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba hhayi kuphela wanqoba ibutho eliqaphile isiRashiya, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ithole izandla zabo phansi simngungile, phakathi ababengabafelokazi ugunda okhuluma ngomnikazi wezwe ocebile okuthiwa Alhi. Waqala icala lapho abazalwane yakhetha ngosizo abavikela yakhe Shamil. Engafuni efuna nilwe nge imam esesabekayo Alih kubhekwe adle ukuthuthela ebhange okuphambene Sunzha futhi kukhona wathola settlement entsha, ogama lakhe kwakuthiwa lisuselwa egameni layo - Alkhan-Kala (Alhi idolobha).

I abakhuluma isiRashiya sabantu kwalesi sigodi

Ngo nenkathi zangaphambi wamavukelambuso, lo muzi wawakhiwe ngokuthi Yermolovskoye, yokudumisa jikelele odumile waseRussia, owenze neqhaza elikhulu kokunqotshwa izizwe empini of eCaucasus. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi ngokuvamile igama lisetshenziswa izinsuku zethu izakhamuzi zakhona abakhuluma isiRashiya, futhi kuba esiteshini sesitimela eliseduze. Ezinsukwini ubudala ke wawutholakala ikakhulu eyayihlala Cossacks kanye nezifiki - abasuka eRussia, okuyinto kufanele ibuye ukuqapha nokulandela umthetho futhi umphakathi kule ndawo oluyingozi kakhulu.

Ngisho esikhathini Soviet, ngokusebenzisa edolobhaneni Alkhan-Kala ujantshi Yakhiwa, okuholela Grozny. Asebemnkantsh 'ubomvu, lapho namuhla uhlala kancane kakhulu, kabuhlungu ukhumbula indlela ngo-1944, i-izitimela zakhe zinyakaza, kubhekelwa Kyrgyz futhi Kazakh emaqeleni izinkulungwane Chechens - abesifazane, izingane nabantu asebekhulile (amadoda alwa ngaphambili), wagwetshwa izincwadi zokubaxosha. Labo abambalwa ababengoFakazi ithuba ngo-1957 ukuze ubuyele emuva, ukudala umphakathi Chechen, kodwa labantu Russian sasikhona leyo minyaka.

Abantu ababeka uyakhazinyuliswa idolobhana lakubo futhi republic

Eminyakeni phambi okubi kakhulu isimo sezombangazwe e Chechnya, naphakathi kwabakhileyo ababewujabulela eziningi abantu bayazigqaja ezweni labo. Phakathi kwazo kunane-udokotela odumile - ohlinzayo plastic Hassan Zhunidovicha Baiev, ngoba impumelelo kwezokwelapha ngokuphindaphindiwe ukhishwa e-United States, Japan kanye UK isihloko "Indoda Yonyaka", futhi baba owawina "Odokotela Kwezwe" umklomelo. Lo muntu okungavamile wakwazi ukufeza imiphumela libonwe ezemidlalo, abe iqhawe emhlabeni e Sambo won ubuqhawe US izimpi ngaphandle imithetho. Ngempela umuntu unekhono kuyinto unekhono konke.

emzaneni Chechen ka Alkhan-Kala, isithombe zazo okusesihlokweni esithi, wanika Russia eziningi abanye abantu ezinkulu. Phakathi kwabo kukhona umnikazi owaziwa AA Arsamakov, Umculi Ezigcwalisiwe, umlingisi-puppeteer Ya Yu kwenza, ummeli wamalungelo abantu M. A. Musaev kanye nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho owaziwa kude lé nemingcele weRiphabhulikhi. Bonke baye amaqhawe izinhlelo zikamabonakude nezomsakazo, kanye nezincwadi cindezela Russian angaphandle. Ziyakwazi kufanele uyaziqhenya Chechen Republic.

Alkhan-Kala phakathi neminyaka izibhelu olunegazi

I esidabukisayo ingxenye yalungiswa emzaneni mashumi Chechen impi, uqubuke ezintabeni of eCaucasus. Ngenxa yalokho izingxabano, izakhamuzi zalo eziningi (ikakhulukazi Russian) baye baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo kanye amachaphazelo ebabayo ababaleki. Kunobufakazi obanele we Izenzo zonya ezazenziwa ngokumelene abakhuluma isi-Russian, omningi walo okuyinto kuleyo minyaka babe asebekhulile. Akungabazeki ukuthi zenziwa njengengxenye ukungqubuzana inter-yobuhlanga, futhi kuphela ngenjongo bedla ifa impahla izisulu nokunonophala siqu.

Ngokuvamile, umuzwa Wahhabi kuwo zazinzima uqine ngokwanele ukuba bathi phakathi Izakhamuzi enjalo abasekeli oshisekayo separatism kanye nokwakhiwa kombuso Sharia, njengoba yemphi yafike Arbi Barayev nomshana wakhe, ngokudabukisayo eyaziwa Idelakufa Hava Baraeva. Lokhu intombazane eneminyaka engu nesikhombisa ubudala ngo-June 2000 bophezela kuhlasela, wathola ukusabela okuhlukahlukene hhayi kuphela ezweni lethu kodwa futhi phesheya.

Umalume nomshana wakhe

Eduze federal ukufakwa kwezempi sikagesi fuse iloli ezazigxishwe TNT. Imiphumela yezenzo zakhe ukufa amasosha amathathu Russian walimaza abanye abahlanu. Ngeshwa, lesi senzo emthethweni ukuthi ziqondakala abaningi Chechnya njengoba isenzo zobuqhawe okuyisibonelo. Mayelana Hawa Barayeva uye sakhiwa ngisho ingoma sekuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu.

Mayelana anjani abantu babeyihlazo akuxhomekile amaqembu emthethweni kuhlonyiwe leyo minyaka, ungathola umbono ngesibonelo umalume lokhu ukuzibulala abasha - eshiwo ngenhla Arbi Barayev. Rose ngesikhathi Chechen impi yokuqala isikhundla sokuba jikelele uBrigadier weRiphabhulikhi ka Ichkeria, futhi kokuba bancishwa lokhu isikhundla , Aslan Maskhadov, wayengumuntu esikhathini ngaphambi kokuqala umkhankaso olandelayo, lathola udumo njengoba lomphangi owelapha ngokukhethekile ukuthumba umholi we kuyiqiniso kwamaqembu ezigelekeqe, okuyinto baye bathi eziningi izakhamuzi Chechnya and ezindaweni zayo ezungezile.

Ukuqalisa kwezigcwelegcwele

Ngezikhathi kokubili imikhankaso Chechen wezempi Russian usephoqeleke ukuchitha edolobhaneni abaningi "ukuhlanzwa" kanye nemisebenzi ekhethekile kuholele kuboshwe bonke labo abathintekayo nemiklamo lempi emthethweni. Lezi zenzo, esikhundleni salokho, emenza igagasi elisha ubudlova phezu ingxenye ekhona edolobhaneni Alkhan-Kala (Chechnya), komhlaba ahlomile, abenza izenzo babeba matasa.

Imiphumela izenzo zobuphekula obenziwa zazo ziye zaba ukubulawa kwabantu abengeziwe ka igunya elimiswe ngokufanele - izinhloko edolobhaneni amaphoyisa, kanye labo wabambisana wezempi Russian. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa ngamabhomu eziningana eziphathelene nezempi amabutho kahulumeni. Kuphela ngemva kwempi, lapho Chechnya kuzolile, edolobhaneni Alkhan-Kala, kwaba ukusungula ukuphila okunokuthula. Kancane kancane kwaqala ukubuyela ababaleki wangaphambili, imizamo okuyinto ubuyisela ikhaya akhahlanyezwe izimpi.

Alkhan-Kala. CAT 188

Nokho, kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba sibuyele emuva izenzakalo ka-May 2006 ekuseni. Kwakuyisikhathi iholide, futhi umzana wayesalokhu elele. Mayelana 6:15 ukuze CAT 138, esisogwini onguthelawayeka Grozny - Alkhan-Kala ibithwele inkonzo lamabutho ehlanganisiwe Bashkortostan, wasondela amadoda amabili. Esinye sazo ubhaka emahlombe akhe. On umbuzo okuhloswe, baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo e isikhathi esibi kangaka, bathi bazoyishaya funa stragglers ngosuku olwandulela umhlambi. Iphoyisa on duty, akazange aneliseke impendulo, ngazama ukuhlola imibhalo yabo, bese yalowo owakhunyulwa ubhaka, balethwa ngempoqo, likuye i ngokurhaba iziqhumane. umngane wakhe ijikijela isiqhumane maqondana amaphoyisa futhi wazama ukuvula umlilo ne isibhamu, kodwa labhujiswa umlilo ukunqotshwa ku.

Ukuqhuma Kulimale amaphoyisa ayisithupha, nge bobathathu baphuthunyiswe esibhedlela belimele kabi kakhulu. Ngokushesha iziphathimandla Investigating ephethwe ukusungula ungubani abahlaseli. Kwakumelwe abakhileyo edolobhaneni Kirov, eduze Grozny, Shamil Dzhanaraliyev futhi Ahmed Inalov. Bobabili, kwacaca ukuthi - ngisho intsha kakhulu. Eyokuqala sazo sasingamashumi ngokulambisa engamashumi amabili nesikhombisa ubudala kanti uzakwabo yena mncane ngeminyaka emibili. Ukuthembeka lolu lwazi, akukho kungabaza ngokuthi ukuhlonza yemizimba izigebengu Kwakuhileleke izihlobo zabo.

Ukuboshwa ababehamba

Ngokuhambisana nomthetho isiRashiya, zobulelesi yayimiswe ngaphansi izihloko ezimbili - mayelana yokungena empilweni amaphoyisa aqapha kanye ukuthengwa emthethweni kwezikhali. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abahlaseli ngokwabo bafile, uphenyo ayesazobhekana ukuthola owaqondisa izenzo zabo.

Maduze, ngenxa imisebenzi op-okuphenya ebambekile kwaboshwa amalungu amahlanu inhlangano ngasese kwamaphekula kwadingeka sihlobene ngokuqondile namabutho, wenza isenzo kwamaphekula Alkhan-Kala. Kusukela ubufakazi babo kwaba sobala ukuthi izidlamlilo baqothulwa abaholi iqembu emthethweni ahlomile, lapho okokugcina ephethwe ukubandakanya iziboshwa.

Omunye wabo - Dzhanaraliyev - kukhona ulwazi ngisho izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba icala wayezama ashiye ngokungemthetho Chechnya futhi bathuthele Syria, kodwa waboshwa ngo abomthetho. ukwelashwa kuphela izihlobo eziningi, ethunyelwe kobuholi republic, wamsindisa isijeziso futhi banikezwe ithuba ukubuyela ukuphila okunokuthula, okuyinto kwenzakala nje esibukweni ngemuva kwalokho lalihlala abantu ukuthi benze izenzo ezingekho emthethweni.

Isitatimende yinhloko ye-republic

Ngokuphathelene sigameko edolobhaneni (edolobhaneni Alkhan-Kala, Chechnya) wenza isitatimende, kusho inhloko ye-republic Ramzan Kadyrov. Enkulumweni yakhe, wagcizelela ukuthi lesi sigameko kumele kungathathwa njengesigwebo elibucayi okuhloswe ngaso esidala ukungazinzi isimo esifundeni. Ngokusho kwakhe, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze sizoyiqinisa zonke emizamweni yokulwa imiphumela ngokuhlasela kwamaphekula imizamo yokuvimbela Ukuphinda yayo.

Ramzan Kadyrov waqinisekisa izakhamuzi Russian ukuthi countering zonke izenzo ezingekho emthethweni okuhloswe ngaso yokukhuphuka ukungezwani, oyokwenziwa ngezinga elikhulu futhi uthathe ubunjalo umzabalazo ayekethise. Emazwini akhe, wathi futhi manje emhlabeni ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele inqubo ukuqashelwa Chechnya njengoba republic echumayo nezinzile, futhi indlela ikhanda lakhe ngenze yonke imizamo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukwenzelela Renegades ayikwazanga ukuyimisa.