Calla Ethiopia: ukutshalwa kanye nokugcinwa

Abathandi izitshalo zasendlini kuthandwa kakhulu calla ongumTopiya. Plant omkhaya Araceae isihlobo calla marsh nokalamusi. Emvelweni, kunezinguqulo ezingaba ngu-6 tinhlobo letehlukene kuwo. Bonke bangabangasokile ekhangayo futhi babe izakhiwo engavamile.

incazelo

Lapho kwazalelwa Callas kubhekwe eNingizimu Afrika. Izimbali ezinhle njengalezi Uyi umhlobiso wangempela amafulethi, zokugcina, bheka mkhulu sezimbali. Lesi sitshalo likhulu, namahlamvu ububanzi amnandi futhi ucwebezela, inhliziyo emise ube umbala oluhlaza. Basuke esisogwini petioles olude basal ahlelwe rosette. Isakhiwo yokuqala imbali ngokwayo lihlukile. Kumiswa It is on ekupheleni ayelokhu ephakama, nasemakhazeni umcibisholo limelela inflorescence ophuzi-uJakobe zihambisana umgubuzelo white. Iphunga obuthakathaka kakhulu futhi sifana vanilla.

Izimbali ngokuvamile iqala kwesigamu ebusika yesibili futhi kuthathe izinyanga 1.5-2. Ngaphansi amagama ahlukene eyaziwa calla Ethiopia - Zantedeschia, URyszard, calla. esigaxeni amafomu Tuberous minyaka yonke inzalo eminingi, okuyinto kumelwe kususwe ukuze basuke awumanga zezimbali.

izimo ezikhulayo

The best into calla uzizwe yavula ikamelo layo elikhulu 'iyezwakala. Ngaphansi kwezimo eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kuze kube zemvelo, lesi sitshalo bayojabulela ubuhle bayo isikhathi eside. Umthamo lezi imibala kudingeka umthamo, nesitsha ngokwanele ezijulile. Ukukhanya kwelanga calla Ethiopia akesabi, kodwa kumele kube okusalungiswa-isihlangu. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuhlonipha imithetho eyisisekelo ukutshalwa - ukulondoloza edingekayo lokushisa, ukukhanyisa, umswakama, kokukhulelwa ngesikhathi esifanele.

Izidingo emhlabathini

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, calla iminduze uthanda marshland ezimanzi. Lokhu kumele kubhekwe lapho ulungiselela umhlabathi yokutshala ingxube, wengeza udaka emfuleni nokubeka ngaphansi ezijulile pan imbiza (kufanele kuqukathe ungqimba amanzi okungenani 5 cm). Uma sithembele yesondlo yesikhathi eside zalesi sihlahla, kubalulekile ukuthi substrate kwaba ene-asidi kancane, ecebile izakhamzimba. Ngo ngezithako zawo kumelwe abe khona futhi ubumba-wapheka Peat umhlaba, humus, isihlabathi (zonke esikhungweni isilinganiso 1: 1: 1: 0.5). Kuhle kakhulu, uma ungakwazi ukwengeza exhaphozini noma emfuleni daka substrate kancane. Bad ezikhulayo calla ikhaya Ethiopia futhi Peat okumsulwa. Abanye abatshali esetshenziswa ukulungiselela umhlabathi ukuxubana umquba noma umquba.

kokwehla

Ngo-March ukulungiselela amabhodwe ezinkulu - elilodwa tuber umthamo kumele okungenani ibe 3 amalitha. Bathulula inhlabathi ingxube ngokwengeza superphosphate (1 isipuni ngamunye 3 ilitha substrate). Ezansi le ungqimba amanzi kuthululwe ngokucophelela.

Nezilimo eziyizigaxa, senzelwe betshala kumele kube enempilo. Lokhu kufakazelwa Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zabo, ukukhanya umbala ophuzi kanye khona bukhoma apical efihlekile. nezilimo eziyizigaxa asihambisani grey-omisiwe nge isikhumba esishwabene. izindawo akhona bola noma neziqu ngobumnene wayokhuhla off nommese obukhali.

Ngaphambi betshala kwenziwe umsebenzi othile wokulungiselela. 2-3 amasonto nezilimo eziyizigaxa shift endaweni efudumele nge izibani okuhle. Khona-ke bacwilisa imizuzu 15 isixazululo ezibuthakathaka potassium permanganate, bese omisiwe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela izimbali kusuka abolile kanye nokuhlasela izinambuzane, ezivame uhlushwa calla ongumTopiya.

Nezilimo eziyizigaxa abatshalwé shallowly - abafika kwabangu-10 cm - obuncane oswakanyiswe. Izimbiza ezibekwe lapho ukushisa futhi akukho okusalungiswa.

ukuchelela

Esikhathini sokuqala 2 amaviki e ixhaphozi isitshalo akadingi. Kamuva idluliselwe kokuphuza luningi. Amanzi, sebenzisa ethambile, ukuvikela. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka izimbali kudinga umswakama ezengeziwe, ngakho amaqabunga Zantedeschia kuthiwa wafutha nge atomizer, ageze eshaweni. Kufanele kuqashelwe nokuthi amanzi abelokhu Pallet.

Ukuze esidabuka e-Afrika futhi kuyashisa, nomswakama egumbini akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-55%. Ngaphansi kulesi simo, hhayi izimbali ezinkulu kuphela, kodwa futhi zasemazweni enhle ziyojabula calla ongumTopiya. ukunakekelwa zezitshalo kudinga ukuthambisa ezinkulu phakathi ukuthuthukiswa amahlamvu futhi izimbali kuphela. Kusukela ngesikhathi lapho kungcono isikhathi ithule, banciphisa bese kuphele ngokuphelele izinyanga 1.5-2, futhi kancane kancane uqhube futhi. Lesi sigaba ekuthuthukiseni zalesi sihlahla ihlala ngokuvamile kusukela ekwindla kanye Februwari.

Izinga lokushisa kanye ukukhanyisa

Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi indawo calla ezikhulayo kwaba ukukhanya kanye Airy. elangeni kuyingozi izitshalo. Kungcono uma ukukhanya kancane iyona. A imbiza nge imbali zingafakwa enyakatho noma empumalanga iwindi. Calla Ethiopia mhlophe futhi ikhula kahle izibani, inqobo nje uma sikhethwe kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho lesi sitshalo kungenzeka eziqhakaza. -Daylight kufanele amahora 10-12.

I indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa lokushisa egumbini lapho likhula Zantedeschia. Kungaba ziyahlukahluka kuye esigabeni ukuthuthukiswa calla kweminduze. Phakathi zom balondoloze izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi 15-18⁰S. Lize ukwandisa 2 degrees kuzonciphisa izinga izimbali. Isikhathi ukuphumula Kunconywa ukuba uhlanze igumbi calla, lapho kusuka 8 kuya 10⁰S ukushisa.

top-sigqoka

Umquba sebeqala ukwenza lapho avele amaqabunga kuqala. Sihlanganisa kokubili impande kanye yokudla foliar. umquba Chemical zisebenzisa i isilinganiso izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga. Ekuqaleni, lapho besanda yentuthuko isitshalo, kuba ikakhulukazi nitrogen fertilizer. Phakathi izimbali kudinga phosphorus ngaphezulu kanye potassium. Ungafaka isicelo evamile eziyinkimbinkimbi umquba izitshalo zasendlini, equkethe lezi zici. Ziyakwazi incike izimbali okuqhubekayo futhi sihle. Calla Ethiopia ukubukeka kwabo okubonisa ukuntuleka izakhi ethile. Lapho nitrogen ukushoda eshiya fade, ukulahlekelwa ucwebezela ngendlela ekhangayo yayo. Potassium ukuntula sivezwe njengoba iphakanyiswe izinjongo zabo tapered.

Buciko ishidi okuphakelayo phezulu kubalulekile ukuthi amaconsi isixazululo ningaweli phezu ezimhlophe imbali umgubuzelo. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni yomhlobiso wawo. Ngezikhathi esikhundleni ungqimba phezulu substrate, kungenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle zitshala izitshalo. Ngesikhathi lapho calla blooms Ethiopia, abanakekela ekhaya futhi ivumela isingeniso ukuvundisa njengoba amaqabunga tea, amaqanda amagobolondo, izithelo ikhasi.

Ukunakekela izitshalo esikhathini lokuphumula

Ekupheleni zom calla ukukhula zamabhasi, kodwa izimpande zona ziyanda. Le nkathi ihlala ngokuvamile kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-July. Kwaze kwaba yilapho kuwa isitshalo zingafakwa kuvulandi noma Loggia, elingazange zingene ukubhoboza umoya futhi unekhono ukufihla ukusuka elangeni. Ayikho ukuthambisa noma ukuvundiswa ungalilahli ngalesi sikhathi.

Calla iminduze angahunyushwa ngokuthi esimweni ukuphumula okujulile, ukususa ngokuphelele amaqabunga bese ifakwa esiqandisini, ithala noma enye indawo lapho izinga lokushisa luphakathi 3-5⁰S.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

It zingenziwa njengoba amaswidi kanye imbewu. Indlela yokuqala lula kakhulu, ngakho-ke kwaba Florists yakhe kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe. Nzalo abizwa ngokuthi Izigaxana elincane elamiswa emhlabeni core in a inqwaba (kwesinye isikhathi lezi zisesikhathini izingcezu 25). Sinenkosi zisuswe noma kunjalo, ukuze ngingasebenzisi uyephuza ukuthuthukiswa izitshalo. Nezilimo eziyizigaxa abahlukene ngokucophelela ukuze kungabi bikho ukulimala izimpande ayatholakala kuwo, utshaleke esitsheni lelungiselelwe, egcwele substrate. Lokhu yalungiswa ngokuxuba izingxenye 2 umhlaba Turf no one - of Peat, futhi isihlabathi ishidi. Izimbiza ke ibekwe ekamelweni nge izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama 12-16⁰S hhayi ngaphansana 80%. Kumelwe nakanjani babe izibani okuhle, t. Ukuze. Uma kungenjalo izitshalo wadonsa, amahlamvu ulahlekelwe umbala wabo egqamile kanye nekhwalithi ziqhakaza singase sithinteke esikhathini esizayo.

Ukwandisa inani ukutshala scions impahla ingahlukaniswa ngesigamu ukuze ngamunye kwaba okungenani eyodwa izinso. Indawo ukwa iphathwa nge isixazululo ezibuthakathaka potassium permanganate, noma ufafaze namalahle.

Okusakazwa calla umTopiya kusetshenziswa imbewu. Le nqubo isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko abalimi, t. K. He khulula varietal izici zalesi sihlahla. On umhlaba kuthathwe imbewu fresh kuphela. Bakhandwa ofakwe amahora 6 isixazululo ekhethekile, inkanuko ukuthuthukiswa. Ngemva kwalokho, zisakazwa ngendwangu emanzi, embozwe phezu nezinye ekupheleni kwaso, futhi izinsuku ezingu-7 zafakwa endaweni efudumele. Uma imbewu ziqhume, bona ezihlwanyelwe emhlabathini. Bona imila ngesikhathi 20⁰S lokushisa. Ukungena ngemvume diving ku esitsheni ehlukile.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Ngokuyinhloko izifo fungal ezithathelwanayo nokuhlupheka Ethiopia calla. Ukutshala kanye Ukunakekela, olwenziwa ngaphandle ngokuvumelana nemithetho ubuchwepheshe yezolimo - isizathu esiyinhloko nesenzakalo yabo. Waterlogging zenhlabathi, ngokweqile nitrogen umquba ngokuvamile kuholele kokunqotshwa simila ukhunta. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala ukuthi udinga ukumisa ukuthambisa, esikhundleni inhlabathi futhi baphathe nesikhunta imbali.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba ekuvimbeleni izifo ezifana ne-okusho. Lahla zonke ezinye zazo kungaba nzima kakhulu .. Ukuvimbela magciwane nezilimo eziyizigaxa, nokususa izingxenye zalesi sihlahla izimpawu kancane isifo.

izinambuzane eziwuhlupho ngoba calla ingozi enkulu limelela aphid kanye spider ngomnikelo omncane. Ukubhekana nazo Kunconywa ukuba fafaza isitshalo amalungiselelo akhethekile ( "Fitoverm", "Vertimek") futhi amanzi soapy.

Ngokunakekela efanele gem wangempela indlu kungaba calla ongumTopiya. Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo lezi imibala amazing uqinisekise yokuthi Ngomzamo omncane nje, kungaba sikhule lokhu ubuhle endlini yakhe.