Cachexia - kuyini? Cachexia e umdlavuza

Cachexia - kuyini? Cachexia, ngamanye amazwi, Ukuwohloka umzimba - inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi elinesimo ukulahlekelwa okukhulu esisindo kanye ubuthakathaka jikelele kanye ushintsho engqondweni. Lokhu kakhulu mpilo amanoni carbohydrate izinqolobane, encishisiwe amaprotheni zamagama, kube kwandziswa catabolism yayo (ukuwohloka). Cachexia ungakwazi futhi zenzeka izifo oncological.

ukukhathala zamabanga aphansi naphezulu

amafomu amabili isifo cachexia - zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Ukuwohloka Primary ubizwa nangokuthi pituitary kanye yesibili - lingaze.

● cachexia Primary noma exogenous kwenzeka ngenxa engayitholi enganele izakhi, kanye phetho iziyaluyalu ezilandelayo: ukuhlukumezeka palsy, isimila noma letindzala lesion pituitary hypophysitis sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, ukucindezeleka isikhathi eside, ukopha (ukopha phakathi izitsha thinning), ukudla, ukudla embolism ( ingress izinhlayiya angaphandle wamanje igazi, okubangela semithambo occlusion), ukutheleleka ethize ezingamahlalakhona.

● cachexia Secondary noma endogenous kuwumphumela izifo futhi kubangelwa izici ezifana gipoinsulinizm (insulini ukuntula), zamagama anda glucagon, malabsorption (malabsorption izakhi), ukuntula glucocorticoid, ukukhula neoplastic, somatostatin ngokweqile.

izimbangela

isifo Cachexia kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana futhi izici:
1. Isikhathi eside ukungondleki nendlala.
2. Izifo yaleli pheshana emathunjini, ikakhulukazi emphinjeni, kanye yesifo celiac, enterocolitis.
3. ukudakwa isikhathi eside nge brucellosis, isifo sofuba kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelanayo futhi ezingalapheki suppuration izinqubo.
4. sokuzincisha Psychogenic.
5. Kwemizwelo we indlala yegilo, esingamahlalakhona adrenal.
6. izifo endocrine elihlobene ne iziyaluyalu umzimba.
7. Inhliziyo ukwehluleka.
8. isimila ebulalayo.
9. Wasting ezinganeni.

Yini izimpawu cachexia libhekene? Yiziphi lezi zimpawu?

symptomatology

Kunezindlela eziningana izimpawu, esibonakala by cachexia. Ukuthi lesi sifo enza imizimba yethu:
1. ezesabisa kwesisindo afika ku-50% isisindo somzimba, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu engaphezu kwengu-50%.
2. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
3. Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
4. Ukukhubazeka.
5. Ukulala iziyaluyalu.
6. Yandisa ukunqotshwa izifo.
7. Nciphisa wegazi (lwemithambo ingcindezi).
8. Esikhunjeni Esiphaphathekile futhi flabby isikhumba.
9. Can amavithamini, futhi kwamazinyo.
10. Izinguquko trophic e izinwele nezinzipho.
11. Ukuthuthukiswa stomatitis.
12. livela ukuqunjelwa ngenxa emathunjini motility iziyaluyalu.
13. ongaphakeme amaprotheni wokuqukethwe negazi, albumin, i-iron, B12.
14. Abesifazane kungenzeka amenorrhea (ukumisa zokwehlukaniswa).
15. iziyaluyalu kwengqondo.

Cachexia kanye psyche

Ngithanda ukugxila nokugula ngengqondo e cachexia. Abakwazi ukuzibonakalisa e ukucasuka, ukucindezeleka futhi tearfulness ukuthi ngokushelela iyangena bengasinaki, ukuwohloka ngokuphelele. Emhlanganweni exacerbation lesi sifo lapho ombangela cachexia kungabonakala nasemkhakheni amentia / syndrome amential (nesiyezi, libhekene i ukungakwazi ukugxilisa, ukunyakaza kunezinxushunxushu futhi kokuthikamezeka, futhi incoherence ukucabanga ngenkulumo) noma delirium (ubuhlanya lapho indoda isebujameni njalo yokukhathazeka injabulo ubona ukusangana), psevdoparalich.

Cachexia in Oncology

cachexia olunomdlavuza - a syndrome lapho ngokuqhubekayo incipha lwamathambo yemisipha nezicubu adipose ekuthuthukiseni indlela okwakheke ngayo isimila, ngokuzimela ngemva kwesidlo. Ukuncipha kwamanzi is ikakhulukazi liphinyiselwe labo iziguli umdlavuza emathunjini ipheshana noma emaphashini izitho. Abantu abanjalo ungalahlekelwa kakhulu ngendlela 80% isisindo somzimba, okuholela baxhashazwe.

Umdlavuza njengoba imbangela cachexia

Cachexia e umdlavuza kungenzeka. Imbangela cachexia kungaba isimila. Ngenxa izimila umzimba iba atypical, ukulungisa kuso. Ithumba kudingeka substrates, ekwazi ukuqinisekisa ukukhula nokwakheka kwalo. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi umdlavuza cachexia umphumela oludakayo ku izicubu zomzimba eziphilile kanye nezinhlaka, ukuma nokwakheka kwawo futhi okubangela eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa.

Ngo ukwakheka izimila kule semali acidosis acid kuyinto isibindi obonakele. Ukuze kulesetayelekile lokuhlushwa acidosis acid, umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa ushukela egazini, futhi ngokuvamile abakwazi ayibususi.

Lapho umdlavuza cachexia waphawula:
- ukwehla ezadala umonakalo ngo-isisindo futhi ngenxa yobuthakathaka;
- ukwephulwa ukuzithiba izinqubo;
- Ukwehliswa plasma cholesterol;
- ukuthuthukiswa izifo ngenxa yokwephulwa amasosha omzimba amaselula kanye humoral;
- dysphagia (ukugwinya);
- ukuhlanza, ukukhishwa isisu;
- ukwanda yamandla adingekayo;
- antidiuresis consequently hyponatremia;
- hypercalcemia;
- ukuvuvukala;
- ukwanda egazini glucocorticoids;
- kwezinye izimo, delirium ngisho equlekile.

Imiphumela umdlavuza cachexia

Umdlavuza cachexia kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukwandiswa igazi glucocorticoid oyenza izinqubo gluconeogenesis (glucose zamagama) e sesibindi kwemisipha izicubu, kwandisa ukuwohloka amaprotheni namafutha. Ngenxa glucose abatholako ngu amangqamuzana omdlavuza eba kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela (ongaphakeme igazi glucose). Kuleli isizinda (okungase ukungezwa ukucindezeleka), endocrine nezindlala ngenkuthalo ukukhiqiza ama-hormone inani eleqile okuholela adakwe hypoxia hemic (encishisiwe umehluko arteriovenous-mpilo umyela). kwezinso Homeostatic zenzeka. Konke lokhu kungaholela ekufeni.

ukwelashwa cachexia

Iningi nokwelashwa kweziguli cachexia wenziwa ezibhedlela noma emitholampilo. Ukwelapha okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa mayelana nokulahla neoplasms. Izintambo namandla yokutakula, okuyinto ibangelwa ekwandiseni umzimba nge amavithamini, izakhi trace, amafutha kanye amaprotheni. Ngenxa yale njongo ingasetshenziswa ukudla kalula digestible. Isetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezifana: multivitamin ekwelapheni hypovitaminosis, ama-enzyme ukuze kugayeke. Ukudla sivela ngezindlela ezimbili: enteral (lapho singena ipheshana wokugaya ukudla) bese parenteral (ukudla aphuthelwe ipheshana wokugaya ukudla). indlela Parenteral isetshenziswa ukususa nesineke besesimweni kanzima (ikhoma) ekwelapheni izifo zomdlavuza, ngemva kwabo, kanzima abangondlekile, izifo ezinzima, ukugwinya iziyaluyalu. iqondiswa Ngakho-glucose, amavithamini, acid acid Izingxube, electrolyte, amaprotheni hydrolysates (parenterally iqondiswa). Futhi, esebenzisa amathuluzi ukwandisa esesuthi. Uma isiguli uhlushwa ukugaya kahle ukudla kanye ukumuncwa kwayo, isetshenziswa ekwelapheni polyenzyme izidakamizwa (izidakamizwa "Pancreatin", "zemikhosi" izidakamizwa).
Ukuvimbela ukuhlanza, linqume esebenzisa "Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol". Kuyinto ngempumelelo futhi emva nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Cannabinoids oluqukethwe kulesi ukulungiselela, zakha uthando, futhi, ngokulandelana, futhi isisindo somzimba. Ukuncipha komzimba kungenziwa wayeka esebenzisa amafutha inhlanzi, ngakho-ke futhi ingxenye ekwelapheni izifo ezifana, ezifana cachexia.

Ukwelashwa ngemithi.
Ukuqeda ukusetshenziswa cachexia izidakamizwa ezifana:
1) "carboxylase" - isiza kujwayeleke isisindo, kunciphisa ubuhlungu futhi isekela izinhlelo zomzimba. Imiphumela engemihle - iguliswa. Ingasetshenziselwa cha, uma umzimba uchayeke okungenani eyodwa ingxenye.
2) "Megeys" noma "megestrol acetate" - ikhuthaza ukwanda yemisipha namafutha. It ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa uma kukhona kuvelana izingxenye izidakamizwa, abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala, ngenkathi bekhulelwe nangenkathi bencelisa.
Ephambi kwezinduna kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zihlanganisa ukwelashwa yokwelapha elwa namagciwane. Uma kudingekile, faka anaboliticheskie hormone. Ezimweni kuphazamiseka psychogenic abathintekayo ekwelapheni kudokotela wezifo zengqondo.
Sithemba siye baphendule umbuzo wakho "Cachexia - kuyini, ukuthi uwuchaza kanjani futhi kanjani ukulwa."