Barn Owl: incazelo, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo, izithombe

Barn Owl kahle aziwayo izakhamuzi emazweni aseNtshonalanga European, kodwa eRussia kuncane aziwayo obakhathalelayo. Lona legatsha eminingi yasendulo ye-oda Strigiformes. Latin igama layo Kuzwakala kuyisixazululo Tyto alba, kanye English - Barn isikhova. Abantu wambiza izikhova ebusuku, phantom futhi msindo isikhova. Sici Its ehlukile uhlobo izwi kanye ukuma ikhanda. Ubani lo isikhova ingobo njengoba kuyindlela yokuphila? Sizobe ukukhuluma ngaphezulu lesi sihloko omunye izikhova ezivamile emhlabeni.

Owl, Barn Owl: incazelo

Igama lalesi inyoni edla inyama, ngokusobala, livela izici izwi lakhe, okusikhumbuza uhlobo snoring noma nenqe. Kusukela namanye amalungu izikhova ingabe uhlobo oluhlukile disk kobuso ngendlela inhliziyo, enombono wokuthi kade efake isifihla-buso emhlophe. A usayizi inyoni encane has a umbala ukukhanya ubuso uhlobo. Kumayelana ubukhulu efanayo njengoba esinamadlebe amade noma iqhude. Ubude kuyinto 33-39 cm, esisindo saso - 300-355 g, futhi namaphiko angaba 90 cm Phela, isisindo sayo ziyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ububanzi futhi incike ikakhulukazi isilwane ngabanye .. Kungaba njengoba isisindo 180 g futhi 700 g

Ngo engxenyeni engenhla yayo umbala ne izilongotshane mhlophe futhi amnyama Umbala atholwe isihlabathi (obomvu). Barn Owl - omhlophe ezansi (ngezinye izikhathi ophuzi), ngaphandle uma amabala amnyama zikhona izimpaphe. idiski kobuso kuxhopha futhi ukubukeka flat, njengoba wathola umphetho ocher, phambi kwamehlo ingxenye encane izimpaphe abomvu. Wings - ayilutho emhlophe segolide struychatym iphethini. Iris - konsundu noma emnyama. Amehlo akhe kwakukukhulu futhi ekhululekile. It has a Imizimba emide emincane, kodwa futhi unalo imilenze emide ukuthi kukhona umsila obukhulu futhi Fluffy ukuze izinzwane. It has a umsila iDemo. Uqhwaku lwenhlanzi okuthiwa i ziphuzi-mhlophe. Phela, umbala Ezansi insimu kuncike Indawo le Barn Owl. Ngokwesibonelo, eNyakatho Afrika, Western futhi Southern Europe, Middle East, kuba mhlophe, kodwa lonke elaseYurophu - ophuzi.

Ngu ubulili ngokusobala abazi ihluke nomunye. Izinsikazi zithé ukuba mnyama, kodwa akusilo obonakalayo ikakhulukazi. amaphuphu Young akuzona azisafani abadala, ngezinye izikhathi zingabantu ezimibalabala ngaphezulu.

Njengoba sesibonile, ukubukeka basilibale has a inyoni ezifana isikhova esibayeni, isithombe usibonisa lokhu ngokucacile.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Barn Owl 35 subtypes, okuyinto kalula kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle Antarctica kuphela, njengoba bebizwa etholakala kulezi ziqhingi. Ngaphambili, ke elalitholakala emazweni aseBaltic kanye CIS: kukhona manje uhlala esincane. Ensimini ka Russia itholakala kuphela Kaliningrad esifundeni. Engxenyeni YaseYurophu ayinalo kumasistimu enyakatho futhi entabeni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-evamile esibayeni isikhova ngendlela ezovumelana nezimo ezahlukahlukene womhlaba, njengoba kuvamile cishe kuyo yonke indawo, futhi ngakolunye, ayinayo ikhono buthelela amafutha asemzimbeni, ngakho angeke abamele isimo sezulu elibuhlungu. Ngo ezisenyakatho US futhi eziningi zaseCanada, Northern Europe, bacishe bayifunda yonke indawo yakwa-Russia ngenxa yalesi sizathu-ke akuyona. Inyoni ngeke ukwazi bahlala Afrika kanye ezingwadule zase-Asia.

Kwakukhona izimo lapho isikhova ukuthi eyayenziwe uhlalwe abantu bakulezi zindawo lapho yayingakaze. Ngakho wafika ku Seychelles futhi Hawaii, e-New Zealand. Lapho lesi sikhova kwakwenzeka Seychelles, ke yaqala ukwehlelwa inani labantu kestrels, okuyinto edla.

izindawo Izintandokazi ukuze uhlale

Barn isikhova cishe njalo luhlala eduze zokuhlala abantu. It izidleke emadolobheni amakhulu nasemaphandleni. Uthanda ukuba abe matasa kuwo e attics, agcwalise futhi niches izindonga. Ukhetha kophahla futhi ezakhiweni ezishiywe dengwane. Ngokuvamile, isikhova esibayeni itholakala emathafeni evulekile, lapho inombolo encane izihlahla samanje. Lezi kungaba ezindaweni ezifana nasemahlathini, emaxhaphozini, edlelweni obukhulu, futhi iyikhaya inyoni eduze ugwadule, amachibi nemihosha kanye nemigwaqo.

It ngokuvamile itholakala khona, lapho ezolimo ipulazi kanye nezindlu amalungelo. Owl, Barn Owl uyazama ukugwema aminyene nezindawo sezintaba. Imibandela elandelayo zibalulekile inyoni ukusakaza: ukutholakala kokudla, ukungabi nobusika obubandayo kanye nokungabikhona kokuncintisana kusuka nezinye izilwane ezidla. Ngokuyinhloko, musa ukushintsha endaweni yazo, ngaphandle isimo lapho base ukudla endaweni kwendawo yazo liyancipha.

Yini udla?

I ozithandayo kakhulu ukudla wakhe - namagundane, futhi ungabhekana kanjani nalezi Pasyuk (elikhulu grey rat). Kungaba ukubamba ebusuku 15 amagundane. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile, ibadla izinyoni ezincane, njenge ondlunkulu, kanye izinambuzane ezinkulu nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Njengoba amagundane ingasetshenziswa ukudla, izimvukuzane, hamsters, shrews, opossums. Futhi bakwazi ukubamba amalulwane, amaxoxo, kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane ezingenamgogodla. Owl umhlatshelo ngokwanele epheshaneni, sibambe ngayo claws zakhe prehensile futhi iyindawo lapho ungakwazi ukujabulela ngokuphephile.

Izici indawo izinsizakuzwa ivumela inyoni ukuba liyobamba yonke imisindo, okuyinto ishicilela isisulu, okuyinto eziwusizo kakhulu kuye lapho abazingeli. izindlebe zakhe kukhona ilungiselelo azilingani: omunye wabo kwi izinga emakhaleni, kanye nezinye - ebunzini.

izwi ehlukile Barn Owl

It ishicilela shepyaschee umsindo hoshozela. Tyto ligcizelele ukubhakuzisa amaphiko futhi uqhwaku kuchofoziwe. Phela, lesi sici sebengakwazi ngempela ezethusa abantu abaye yanquma uphumule ethule ehlathini bezohlangana naye. It yaphawula eziningi imisindo sasikhipha yilo isikhova, kodwa namanje umuntu oqavile iyona raucous Trill shrill, okungase wezwa ngesikhathi indiza yayo. Barn Owl Creek ithoni ngezansi-zesifazane.

By endleleni yayo Russian igama inyoni lithole isikhathi ongaphakeme, raspy, ukukhala hoshozela, ezwakala njenge- "heee." Benza-ke kaningi kunokuvamile isikhova hooting. izwi layo eyinqaba gravelly okusikhumbuza ukukhwehlela hoshozela.

ukuphila ebusuku

Yena izimpukane ukuzingelwa kuhwelela sekwephuzile futhi akuwona amaza ebusuku. Ayevame uhlala wedwa, kodwa ungakwazi bahlangane ngamaqembu amancane ezindaweni lapho umdlalo. Njengoba esibayeni izikhova kuholele ukuphila okumatasa ebusuku, balala emini. Ukulala nabo ukhethe noma iyiphi injongo, yokufakelwa zemvelo noma - ke kungaba imbobo phansi noma yokugcina ubuningi.

Phakathi ekuzingeleni, bayashintsha ukuphakama - umqansa ke futhi wehle, ukujikeleza impahla. Bangaphinde alindele umhlatshelo, kokuba kufihlwe ukuqamekela kwakhe. Amaphiko azo ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi indiza yabo iba njengoba onokuthula elithambile, plus banayo kahle kakhulu futhi ukuzwa. By the way, kwezinye izindawo esibayeni izikhova ukuzingela emini, isibonelo, eBrithani, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi sosuku ngabo kunengozi ngesimo izinyoni ezizingelayo, njengamabhubesi gull.

Wezinyamazane esibayeni isikhova yayo izimpiko ke efika emlenzeni wakhe eside futhi edwengula umlomo. It has a intamo ezithathekayo kakhulu, ukuze babe yimpango, cishe ngaphandle eguqa. Phakathi nesidlo ebusweni disk izimpaphe ukuhambisa, futhi kubonakala sengathi umhlibitho isikhova.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Barn Owl ngokuvamile monogamous, kodwa isithembu nayo hhayi ngaphandle. Ngonyaka kukhona eyodwa, akuvamile amabili ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Ukuqala zikhwelwe kuncike ngokuvamile ku izimo zezulu kwendawo kanye nenani ukudla. Ezifudumele, lapho ukudla okuningi, akwazi ukuzizalanisa ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngokwesibonelo, ezonini esipholile yeYurophu noma i-Nyakatfo Melika, uqala ngo-March nango-June. Uma kukhona kabusha kubekwa, ukususwa amaphuphu kuyoba esikhathini Mashi-May no-June-Agasti.

Owesilisa ukhetha indawo lapho kuzo esidlekeni, bese uqala sigubhu zesifazane. Ngenxa yalokho, isidleke ayakhelwe le njongo bakhetha ukufakaza endaweni avaliwe futhi amnyama. Lokhu kungaba sekhefu Isiqu somuthi omdala, isihlahla eziyize, nezinye niches. Insikazi ukwenza ukuthi incubates amaqanda, futhi ngalesi sikhathi iduna uletha ukudla kwakhe. isidleke okunemibandela itholakala ezingeni ukuphakama 2-20 ngamamitha ngaphezu komhlabathi, usayizi laying ngokuvamile 4-7 amaqanda, kodwa kungaba kusuka 2 kuya 14. Ziyakwazi ngaphezulu ngokuvamile ezinkathini libhekene inala yokudla. Usayizi amaqanda, okuyinto zimhlophe noma ukhilimu umbala, okuyisilinganiso sabangu-30-35 mm.

Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalela izinyoni ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana imisindo ehlukene. Ziyakwazi shrill futhi hoshozela zimemeza uhayut futhi ndonda, likhipha isici umsindo "heee." Ezinye izindaba zika-isikhathi, njengoba umthetho, izikhova buthule. Kwaphela inyanga insikazi incubates amaqanda. Izingane izimpukane esidlekeni ezinsukwini 50-55 zokuphila.

By the way, i-pair of izikhova ukuhlala ndawonye kuze kufe omunye umlingani. Iduna nensikazi bukhoma eduze komunye nomunye, kodwa ngamunye ngamunye.

Ukuziphatha esikhathini ingozi

Lapho uhlezi, ehlezi isikhova, esibayeni isikhova kugcina umzimba oqotho, futhi uma kwenzeka ukuthi inyoni ukhathazekile, kuthatha ukuma esisongela - kubeka imilenze, likufahlaze amaphiko ayo indiza ovundlile, futhi linamathela phansi. Lapho ehlangana le violator ngezinto zalo ezibonakalayo yayo indawo, esebenzayo ikwazi ukubhakuzisa amaphiko ayo, sandise eduze isitha. hisses Loud anqume ngoqhwaku. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, zihlasela isitha, ehlela phezu emuva zakhe nezinyawo clawed kubabulali zishayo.

Barn Owl amaphuphu

Eaglets bathembele ngokuphelele ezintweni abazali babo, owabe ezidla. Lapho abantu bezalwa, embozwe awugqinsi phansi emhlophe. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi okuningi abandayo, esibayeni isikhova akabashiyi esidlekeni futhi amaphuphu lifudumeza ukuzibusa ngokuphelele emva kwezinyanga ezintathu. amaphuphu Grown ngimuke ezindaweni ezintsha nokwenza uthola kwenye indawo olwenzeka endaweni nasekuvezeni izithombo zaso ezintsha. Ngesikhathi esibayeni izikhova lungavela ngesikhathi ngisho 10 amaphuphu e, uma izimo zivumele, kodwa ngonyaka yendlala kulindeleke, njengoba umthetho, akukho amaqanda angaphezu 4.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuziphatha amaphuphu akuyona ejwayelekile izinyoni: bona abonise oluphathelene nokuzidela, yokwenqaba ukudla ukuze kuzuze labo balambile ngaphezu kwazo. Uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni eziningi, ogama abasha ngokoqobo khala out ukudla ngokwayo nomunye, leli qiniso libaluleke kakhulu izinyoni ezifana isikhova esibayeni. Photo of amatshwele aso kubonisa ukuthi abukeka kanjani lapho sizalwa.

Abazali babonisa ukukhathazeka ngisho nangemva amatshwele undiza kusukela esidlekeni: bayaqhubeka awunakekele futhi awondle kubo kuze kube yilesi sikhathi, baze zizimele ngokuphelele, okungukuthi azifinyelelanga ngisho nalapho sengineminyaka emithathu.

isimo sengqondo sabantu abaningi

Owl, Barn Owl kubantu bekulokhu uphawu yokuhlakanipha, kodwa ingeyamakhosi inyoni nokwesaba ekukholelweni ezeni. Into Manje ukukholelwa ezeni yesikhathi esidlule, futhi abantu ngokuya okubonisa isithakazelo sakhe esiqotho. Tyto zivuse ukwesaba abantu ngenxa ezinye zezici zalo: ubuso emhlophe efana buso, imisindo scary, kodwa futhi ngenxa imikhuba yezinyoni fly up buthule evele kulethwe phambi chelovka umuntu, ngoba abantu ngokuthi isikhova wakhe ghostly.

Barn Owl feeds ikakhulu amagundane, kanjalo uzuze phakade umuntu. Sekuyisikhathi eside abantu baziswa ukusizwa izikhova ekubhubhiseni izinambuzane. Ngakho, ekhulwini le-17 basakaza umkhuba, lapho izindlu, azivuni, azibekeleli ezinqolobaneni, Mills nezinye izakhiwo wenza amawindi ekhethekile lapho izikhova esibayeni ukungena futhi abhubhise namagundane. Ngale ndlela, futhi izinyoni Kondliwa, futhi inzuzo ngabanye.

Uma uqaphela eziningi abantu, khona-ke beqala izindaba ezithakazelisayo kakhulu: waphakamisa kakhulu, zize zithonye ngezinyawo zakhe zibheke futhi ngaleyo ndlela amelela ubuso ezahlukene. Uma sisondela ke eduze kakhulu, ngokuvamile izimpukane.

Bangaki esibayeni isikhova baphile?

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izikhova esibayeni isikhova abangaphila iminyaka engu-18, kodwa inani eliphezulu. Eqinisweni, kuvela ukuthi bahlalaphi ikakhulukazi ezincane kakhulu - isilinganiso sobude bokuphila ngabo iminyaka engaba ngu-2. Kwakukhona izimo lapho isikhova wakwazi ephila endle futhi iminyaka engu-17 le nyoni North American basekuthunjweni wafa eneminyaka engu-11.5, kuyilapho eNgilandi lwaphuka irekhodi - inyoni wahlala basekuthunjweni ngenxa engu-22.

Saxoxa le nyoni ezithakazelisayo, njengokhozi isikhova isikhova, esibayeni, mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo esenemali imikhuba nokuthi iquketheni singabasiza abantu. Ngeshwa, ngenxa yezinguquko imvelo nokusebenzisa inombolo zinambuzane Barn Owl encishisiwe emazweni aseYurophu. Futhi, kukhona amacala inyoni ukufa by ukungqubuzana imoto emigwaqweni. Okwamanje, isikhova esibayeni - inyoni efakwe eNcwadini Red ka emazweni amaningana aseMpumalanga Yurophu, lapho, ngezizathu ezingaziwa, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kukhona sincipha ngokushesha kwenani labantu bayo.