Kanjani ukuthuthukisa ingane onyakeni owodwa vo: imidlalo, izivivinyo, amakhathuni kanye nezincomo

Ngemva kokugubha umkhosi usuku lokuzalwa lokuqala ingane yabo, abazali sebeqala ucabange indlela isikhathi okusheshayo izimpukane. Futhi abaningi bacabanga efika engqondweni yakho ukuthi awukwazi miss zikhathi eziyigugu. Iqiniso lokuthi umama nobaba ngeke akuvumele ngomntanakhe esemncane, kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukubamba esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi akwenzeki. Kodwa kanjani ukuthuthukisa ingane ngonyaka 1? Yini okudingeka uyenze ngesikhathi kulonyaka, ngane yakhula hhayi kuphela smart, kodwa futhi ujabule futhi awanaki? Indlela silondoloze ubunye ukuba singabonisi ukucasuka ekuthuthukiseni ekuseni ingane kangcono? Zama ukuqonda ngale ndaba eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezibalulekile.

izici kwenqondo izingane zonyaka wokuphila wesibili

Ngemva kokushikashikeka unyaka wonke umntwana - lokhu akuseyona elele ngokuthula (noma njalo ukukhala) besigaxa e indlwana. Ingane ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyishumi nambili zakwa-ukuphila Iyakwazi omningi ikhono, kodwa lapho ulinde okutholakele olwengeziwe. umsizi Omkhulu kuleli kuyoba ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi zokufundisa izingane 1 unyaka.

Ngalesi ubudala, izingane kanye ukuzimela futhi uzonxanela nokuhahela cwaningo njalo imvelo bakhe bebonisa ukwesaba nokungabaza. Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali bayasizwa babhekane nezinkinga kuqala ingane yakho, ungamsiza zingesabi yokuthola izinto ezintsha, futhi ngenxa yalokho, impendulo yombuzo kanjani ukuthuthukisa ingane ngonyaka 1, kuyofika ngokwalo. Izingane kuhlakaniphile kakhulu, babeka phezu uhlobo nabalomele ngempela ulwazi. Bazama ukulingisa kukho konke abazali bakhe, futhi lesi sici - ithuba elikhulu ukhuthaze ngesibonelo ekuthuthukiseni ingane entsha.

I physiology izingane eminyakeni 1-2

Kuncike ukuthuthukiswa efanele komntwana kwakuseyisiqalo kakade ukuhamba. Kuningi Okwammangaza abazali bakhe, esikhathini esiyinyanga ngemva izinyathelo zokuqala wayengumuntu izizinda ngempela unethemba ngaphandle kosizo, futhi enye amabili - siqala ukusebenza. Ijubane ukukhula kule nkathi kubambezela, umzimba uchitha imithombo emikhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ingane ukuthuthukisa uhlelo. Kubandakanya lobubhalo lakhe, ukubambisana. Lokhu kungase kube nomthelela kule ezemidlalo imidlalo zokufundisa izingane iminyaka 1-2 :

• ibhola imidlalo ;
• ayeqhutshwa yezemidlalo noma nemigoqo udonga ;
• Ukushaja nelula umzimba Gymnastic;
• ebhukuda yokugezela elikhulu noma indawo yokubhukuda.

Ngalesi ubudala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kukhawulwe umsebenzi ngokomzimba ingane. Ukuhamba emoyeni opholile - epaki nasezindaweni zokudlala zezingane ekhethekile - ithuba elikhulu ukunikeza ingane yakho amaningi ukuba ukhathele nge egijima mayelana futhi ubonise umoya wabo yophenyo. Kanjani ukuthuthukisa ingane ngonyaka 1, uma kungekhona ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana nezwe elingaphandle?

ukuthuthukiswa ingane Early

Babalelwa ku le timu lubhakuza lenqwaba izinganekwane kanye izinganekwane. Abaphikisi nabasekeli ukuthuthukiswa isencane iphuzu luphambene umbono. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ingane kufanele ufunde konke yena lapho eze ngesikhathi esifanele. Abanye bakholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi ingane kungaba, nokuthi kubalulekile ukuba bangalibali ukuqeqeshwa cishe kusukela ekuzalweni (ekusekeleni lo mbono, othisha ukudala izinto ezikhethekile didactic, imidlalo zokufundisa izingane kusukela ngonyaka-1 izigceme zabo ezincane).

Ososayensi Ngokombono wabo licacile: ingane - kuyinto ishidi engenalutho ephepheni. Ubuchopho bakhe ukwazi ukukhumbula futhi sigxilise oluningi ulwazi, ngakho ke kungani ukusizakala lokhu, kanye nolwazi adingekayo ukuze bakwazi ukuzenelisa inkonzo, hhayi ukusiza ingane ukufunda ngokushesha, musa simfundise ukuhlukanisa phakathi imibala, bobunjwa nezilwane iminyaka engu 4-5?

Montessori School

Omunye izindawo ethandwa kakhulu esikhathini pedagogy ekuseni kuba uhlelo Montessori, okuyinto efundisa abazali kanjani ukuthuthukisa ingane ngonyaka 1. Yakhiwe ngu- Italian Maria Montessori engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XX, lesi simiso ithole labo abanamathela emazweni amaningi. Kuyini lokhu? Ekuqaleni, Maria Montessori wasebenza labantwana ezihlukahlukene ukulibaziseka kwamabanga okukhula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindlela zalo ziye zasetshenziswa imfundo izingane ngokuphelele enempilo.

Kule ndlela, othisha kanye zokusebenza kwengqondo ukufundisa ingane ukuthatha izinqumo, ngizimele izahlulelo zakhe nezenzo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nemithetho olwamukelwa kanye nezinkambiso. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amathoyizi njengoba labo amaqembu lapho izingane abathintekayo kulesi simiso, akukho. Kukhona engenakwenzeka ukuthola isibhamu umshini noma unodoli, kunalokho, izingane wahlanganyela nokufunda. Basize kule amathoyizi fun for izingane iminyaka 1-2:

• amadayisi;
• mbhoshongo;
• sorter;
• emaphazili
• zomculo.

Amakilasi Montessori ezihilela ekukhuleni kwengane amakhono zokuzisiza, okungukuthi, ingane kufanele ufunde indlela ukudlala, ukudla, ukuphuza. Uma abazali amakhaya ehlelekile abanamathela lezi zimiso, ingane ekhula umuntu oludonsa ukuthi ingane zigonywe imithetho yokuxhumana emphakathini. Lokhu umntwana uyakwazi ukubhekana nezimo ukungqubuzana nangesithunzi, azishiye.

Moscow ngamisa izikhungo ekhethekile zokufundisa izingane kusukela ngonyaka 1, esekelwe imfundo Montessori: "Izinyathelo", "Montessori Garden", "Early Development Club" emgwaqeni. Mills nabanye abaningi.

Ingabe kufanele ngingene ahlupha lembuzi?

Ukukhulisa ingane ngesikhathi isencane - akuyona inqubo lula kokubili ingane nabazali bakhe. Ukukhetha enye indlela yokuziphatha qhinga, kudala imithetho ethile kanye nemigomo, musa ukunqotshwa isilingo ngisuke course isethi.

Lapho abazali ukuba bazikhethele bona ukuthi umbuzo obalulekile mayelana nekusasa wenzalo yabo: "Thuthukisa ingane ekhaya, unyaka ongu-1 - iyona engu kwesokudla," - kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umama nobaba besebenza ndawonye naye. Akunakusetshenziswa abakwazi eqise noma okunye ongayifinyelela nomphumela ohlukile - ingane uvala ngokwako. Ngalesi ubudala, le ndoda kancane ufunda izinto eziningi ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu ukuqhathanisa, mbumbulu, futhi kuphela ngesimo umdlalo. Ngakho-ke, ngisho imidlalo zokufundisa izingane 1-2 ubudala kufanele kube ezithakazelisayo for umntwana.

Phakathi self-ucwaningo Akubalulekile bamukela ingane; uma ekhona akanandaba, azizwa ezimbi noma omatasa nomunye into ebalulekile kuye - wena kumelwe bazinikele kuye amaningi okwanele. Ezemfundo athwale kuphela izithelo lapho kuyokwenzeka ngaphansi kwesimo isikhundla isihlobo kanye umfundi (ingane) futhi uthisha wakhe (unina). Khona-ke inqubo ezojabulisa futhi, yebo, umphumela, engesiyo alinde isikhathi eside! Abazali abaningi badidekile mayelana umbuzo wokuthi izingane ngalesi yobudala ungabukela opopayi? Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukuvikela ngokuphelele ingane kusuka izinzuzo impucuko yesimanje kuyinto cishe akunakwenzeka, kodwa uma usondela udaba nangengqondo ukunikeza ingane yakho ithuba ukubukela opopayi zokufundisa izingane iminyaka 1-3 ubudala, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside, futhi lawo ezifanelana nobudala, lutho ezimbi kuzokwenzeka .

Yini ukudlala?

Ngemva kokushikashikeka unyaka wonke, izingane ziqala ukwenza izinyathelo kuqala komphakathi yabo. Bafunda ukudlala kanye noninazala, umfowabo noma udadewabo. Omdala ingane enkulu iba umbuthano wakhe nomphakathi. Kubonakala nabangane lokudlala, yajabulela ukuyisa ababheke, uyalalela futhi uzama nje ubukele umdlalo ezinye izingane, kodwa futhi ukuze lubambe iqhaza kulenqubo.

Phakathi nale nkathi, imidlalo zokufundisa izingane kusukela ngonyaka 1 ziyahlukahluka. Kubalulekile eyenza ingane ikwazi ukuthuthukisa motor amakhono, lokhu kungadala ezinye izifundo elula (ngaphansi kweso labazali babo!):

• Ukuhlunga imininingwane ehlukahlukene - kungenzeka ukuthatha ubuhlalu ezinkulu, izinto zemvelo (chestnut, walnuts), pompons. Ziyakwazi ukuphila lowehlukile noma ekwakhekeni, umntwana kufanele enwetshiwe izinto emathileyi ehlukile noma amaseli.
• I-Transfusion, oversleeping - lena eqakathekileko ekukhuleni kwengane. Ukudlala amanzi nenhlabathi kinetic, okusanhlamvu - kuyisimo mnandi futhi ewusizo, eba ukuphikelela nokuthembela ukucabanga ngekwendzawo.
• Umdwebo - umuntu akufanele alindele ukuthi ingane kuzodala ngebuciko, kepha inqubo ngiyomletha nabazali bakhe ukujabulela. Ungase uthole akucabangayo yini - wokulinganisa, amapensela, upende (penlight, gouache, emifanekiso).

Lemisebenti ukuthuthukiswa kuzosiza yibonise umehluko phakathi letinkhulu naletincane izingane 1 nonyaka owodwa ubudala, uyokuzwa ukuthi zibone yabo emizweni ethintekayo, futhi kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma.

Ungakhohlwa mayelana imidlalo mobile. Nge ingane ungafunda ukwenza umsebenzi elula: bambonise indlela angazisebenzisa lisithekile, ukuya endaweni ukudlala nemabhola emasayizi lahlukene.

Idlalwa kanjani?

Abazali ngokuvamile beyofuna amathoyizi ephelele elahlekile futhi athenge zonke ilandelana. Ukuhlinzeka inkululeko enjalo oluthandwa ingane engeke asebenze. Ngenxa yobudala bakhe wayengasekho ngisho akwazi ukukwenza futhi ayeke into eyodwa, kulapho bebodwa. amathoyizi zokufundisa izingane kusukela ngonyaka 1 kumele kube ekhaya ngempela, kodwa uma behlangabezana nemnyaka kanye nelizinga lekukhula yentuthuko, kanye izintandokazi wengane - imfuneko. Yini sinikeza:

• cubes, umklami "Idolobha";
• mbhoshongo ezihlukahlukene;
• puzzle ngokhuni, uzimele-liner;
• Sorter ukulungiswa ahlukahlukene - ne izibalo weJiyomethri, izilwane, izithelo nemifino;
• umakhi izakhi eziyinhloko;
• KaMose ezinkulu (plastic, la mandla kazibuthe noma ukhuni);
• onodoli, namazinyane azo;
• imishini okuthembekile, kuhlanganise abashushumbisi.

Ngezinye izikhathi umbono ewusizo lokho ukudlala abazali nengane, ukhonza opopayi zokufundisa izingane kusukela ngonyaka 1. izinhlamvu zabo, kanye ifomu okungezona awayiphazamisi lemfundo uyayisiza ingane nokuba baqonde ukuthi wenzeni amathoyizi.

Ukufunda ukukhuluma

Ngonyaka izingane eziningi babe nesilulumagama ngokwanele, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba zigcine ukukhulumisana nonina. Uyazi ukuthi obani ngubani e nabasizi bakhe, ungase ubuze ukudla, ukuphuza, ukubonisa ukuthi ayaziqhenya ngamadodana noma ukungajabuli. Ngonyaka olandelayo elilwela - silulumagama kwengane luyokhula ngokukhulu ukushesha, lokhu kuncike kakhulu abazali ngokwabo. Nge ingane udinga ukukhuluma kuye ukubeka amazwana zonke izinqubo, kodwa ukwenza kube ulimi kufinyeleleke futhi elula.

A umsizi enkulu kule kukhona opopayi zokufundisa izingane kusukela 1 unyaka iculo iDemo nemilolotelo. imilolotelo yabo elula amazwi okulula kalula ziqondakala indlebe, futhi inhlanganisela yalokhu umsindo nesithombe kwenza ingane ufunde ngokushesha amagama abalingiswa nezenzo zabo.

Incwadi - umngane kusuka ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila!

Ukugxilisa uthando lokufunda ingane encane kakhulu lula kunalokho zisencane kamuva. Modern ukushicilela ekunyatheliseni izincwadi amahle izingane ezincane kakhulu. Amakhasi amakhadibhodi Ukuqina, izithombe ezinkulu nge isithombe esicacile futhi akukho izingxenye ezincane - izidingo okufanele zifinyelelwe incwadi umntwana. Nokho, uhlu abalobi kumba eqolo:

• Elena Blaginina.
• Boris Zakhoder.
• UKorney Chukovsky.
• Agniya Barto nabalobi nezezinye izingane eziningi ezazikhona elikhulu.

amakhathuni zokufundisa for kids

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukubukela opopayi esemncane kungenzeka kuphela inani elilinganiselwe. Ukuze opopayi zaba nemiphumela kuphela ingane, kodwa futhi ukuba wusizo, kumele akhethwe ngokuhlakanipha. Ematiyetha lanamuhla senani labo elikhulu bonke bathanda futhi ubudala, kodwa hlobo luni opopayi zokufundisa izingane iminyaka 1-3 ubudala kuyoba usizo ngempela?

Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu kukhona tindzaba letimfisha: "Iloli uLeva", "Anti Owl", "Ufudu-Nakho Nakho", "noTini lav". Futhi ewusizo opopayi ezisiza ukufundisa izincwadi, imibala, bobunjwa, izilwane, futhi amagama ezinto.

Yiba zokudala!

Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho umntwana uye wafunda ahlale, izwe elihle wavula phambi kwakhe. Wakwazi sibheke endaweni yakhe ukukhanya entsha, zikhanga ngisho nakakhulu eseyingane, lapho ehamba. Umama badinga ukubheka imithombo emisha yolwazi ingane yakhe, futhi ngobuhlakani - ithuluzi elikahle kakhulu lokhu.

Kusukela esemncane ingane zingenza ukudweba, ukuhlanganyela udini, afake isicelo bese uqoqe umakhi, ukumfundisa ukuba umfanekiso KaMose, futhi wakhuthaza amaza akhe okudala.

izikhungo yokuthuthuka izingane kusukela ngonyaka 1 abaqhuba nalaba umzimba. Phakathi omama neyaziwayo avele: "Rainbow", "KaMose", "Ant." Kubalulekile ukuthi manje, semali impahla izingane ngempela dopey - kungcono non-enobuthi umunwe opende, isihlabathi emincane, ubumba evikelekile. amaqembu amaningi kakhulu sokuthuthukisa umkhuba sculpting kasawoti inhlama, ubukhalashana udayi ukudla.

Ingane kwabo

Yebo, ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo ingane ayikwazi ukuba wedwa. Ukuvala ingane efulethini, nokukhawulela zokuxhumana yakhe, akunakwenzeka lilindele ukuba impumelelo enkulu. Yiqiniso, ungenza siqu ukuthuthukiswa yakho yengqondo ebhaliwe, ingane uyomane akukho abangakwenza ngaphandle ukwenza lokho abazali uyinikele.

Nokho, inqubo yokufunda lungaphezu ngokushesha futhi ngokwemvelo Kwenzekani lapho ingane emphakathini. Ngakho ungafunda okuthile okusizayo hhayi kuphela kusukela abazali kakhulu babemthanda, kodwa futhi nezihlobo, ezinye izingane amasayithi, emidlalweni amakamelo kanye nezikhungo yentuthuko ekuseni.

Ebuntwaneni - iholide!

Ukuhlakulela prodigy ingane futhi wayeyisazi esizayo, abazali kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi ngokuyinhloko ekwenzeni bona. Ingane, ikakhulukazi kule nkathi ezincane ezinjalo, akudingeki ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke, akudingeki wazi zamagama etafuleni ukubuyabuyelela. Njenganoma yisiphi umama efana nobaba ukuba ingane yabo ziphumelele ekuphileni, akunakwenzeka akwenzayo kuyophumelela ngaphandle ebuntwaneni esijabulisayo, ngokunganaki futhi serene.