Bakhrushin Theatre Museum e Moscow

Izinkulungwane ekhaya yaseshashalazini umlando izinto ezithakazelisayo, engalindelekile, futhi enhle. Bakhrushin Museum - iqoqo waseshashalazini enkulu kunayo yonke eYurophu. yobuciko wakhe iqala zeminwe ukwakheka Tommaso Salvini phezu igilavu Marii Ermolovoy futhi ekupheleni nge upiyano ihambisana okuyinto Fedor Shalyapin sang. Alexey Alexandrovich Bakhrushin wayengeyena nje umnikazi wokungenisa izihambi yendlu, futhi umnikazi igalari.

Mansion Alekseya Bahrushina

Umakhi owaziwa Karl Karlovich Gippius, aphume imidwebo okwashiya eMoscow Zoo itiye endlini Chinese olungaphambili lwesonto pearl Butcher, kanyekanye kwaba umndeni Bakhrushins umklami. Wakha nje indlu - Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Bakhrushin, kodwa ngisho akazi. 1895-1896 GG. Gippius ngokuzimela ababesebenza esakhiweni mbumbulu ezimbili storey indlu emgwaqeni Zatsepsky Val, 12.

Ngaphezu isitayela English Gothic, kwaba inhlanganisela izitayela ezimbili: namaMoor futhi Russian. Ngenxa ubukhazikhazi kanye umnotho yendlu lalibizwa Versailles. Futhi njengoba indlu ikhona Zatsepsky Val ke lalibizwa Versailles ngesikhathi uzwane.

Esikhathini 50-60s kwekhulu elidlule ngenxa ukulungisa wezangaphakathi ezilimele, kodwa phambi kwasala kufana nalokho kwaba ekuqaleni.

Mansion ngoba Bakhrushin abasha, owayesanda nje kokushada, kwakungeyona umsebenzi kuphela Gippius umkhaya.

Dynasty bona babasekeli babo Bakhrushina

Manje isilinganiso isiRashiya, omncane mayelana eMoscow yomthengisi umndeni lwamakhosi eyaziwa, ngaphandle inkulumo ethi "Theatre Museum. Bakhrushin. " Kodwa kuze kube yilapho 1917 zazaziwa ngokuthi bona babasekeli babo.

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala umndeni ikusasa abashisekeli zazisekhona ekhulwini le-17. Indoda okuthiwa Bahrush wabhapathizwa ngo esontweni igama kuchasiselwe yakhe nesibongo Bakhrushin. Umuntu owasungula le umugqa iMoscow yayingenye Alexei Fedorovich nomkakhe Catherine Ivanovna. Umkhaya wathuthela eMoscow ngaphandle kwemali. Ngeminyaka embalwa nje, bathola lesi sitshalo, okuyinto edingekayo izimali omkhulu.

Ngo-1848, u-Alexei Fedorovich efa futhi eshiya umfazi namadodana amathathu ayizinsuku izikweletu eziningi okwakusadingeka bazikhokhe. Izingane ukunquma lapha ukuze nithuthukise umsebenzi kayise e 1860 Bakhrushins nokwandisa ukukhiqiza umndeni. Nge imali zinikeza izimali imithi namasiko.

Ngo-1887 umkhaya yakha esibhedlela abampofu. izinga imithi yayiphezulu kangangokuthi ngisho ocebile babephathwa khona (kodwa ngokungafani abampofu, ngokubakhokhela imali). Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakhela yokukhosela, lapho ungakwazi ukuthola imfundo. Futhi 1895 - indlu abafelokazi nezintandane nge nezikhungo zezokwelapha, kwezamasiko kanye nezemfundo. Khona-ke omunye 6 izikole zasendaweni, amasonto kanye 8 3 yaseshashalazini, ingqikithi emikhulu izakhiwo angaphezu kwangu-100.

kwesizukulwane sesithathu Yaduma Alexei Petrovich nangokuthi Alexei Alexandrovich. Russian kwakudala lokuqala izinombolo, kwesibili - zasesiteji ezigcawugcawu. Kuyinto kusuka eqoqweni lwakhe lwaqina Bakhrushin Museum.

Umuntu owasungula le Museum nokuziqhenya

Bakhrushin Aleksei Aleksandrovich wazalwa ngo-January 31, 1865 eMoscow, emndenini ocebile kodwa nesizotha. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, safaka uthando art. Uyisemkhulu ngabhala nenkondlo, nayo yonke izihlobo eqoqwe lutho. Nge eminyakeni eyisithupha, umfana waya Bolshoi futhi Maly theater. Wathatha iqhaza ukusebenza. Esemncane ngafunda ibhizinisi lomndeni, kodwa ngenxa wokuzilibazisa lwaludlula konke kwamanye amakilasi.

Kodwa hhayi ngokushesha Alexei Alexandrovich waqala ukuqongelela izinto ukuthi kamuva engena Bakhrushin Museum. Ekuqaleni, wayehlanganyela umxhwele izinto ezingavamile ezivela eMpumalanga. Ngase ukuqoqa konke okuhlobene Napoleon.

Okuthandayo eyaba eminyakeni eyikhulu

Kukhona legend ukuthi Umfutho lokuqoqa ethiyetha endala kwaba impikiswano ngabathengisi-ngalendoda N. A. Kupriyanovym. Yena waqhoshela Bakhrushin iqoqo playbills olwesibili wathi ukuthi iqoqo lakhe kuyoba ebanzi. Khona-ke u-Alex wenza iwine hhayi kuphela ingxabano, njengendlela yokuzilibazisa ukuphila. Futhi kusukela 1890 e Bakhrushin endlini zathuthelekela ezihlukahlukene ezigcawugcawu.

Ekuqaleni lwaya yakhe bayabukana sengathi bafuna ukuhleka wonke eMoscow. Feodor Chaliapin ngisho nakanye kwesokunxele umbhalo wesandla yakhe napkin wathi yena uyowudlulisela ke Bakhrushin.

Waqhubeka ukuqoqa izinto kusukela eMoscow, eSt Petersburg kanye Paris ebhayisikobho.

May 30, 1894 Bakhrushin yokuqala yabonisa iqoqo yakhe kwabangani nozakwabo. Umhlangano ka-October 29 wethulwa emphakathini. Khona-ke Bakhrushin Museum Ngazalelwa eMoscow. Ngemva kwalokho, ukwakheka waba agcwaliswa nezipho ezivela abadlali ezasekela wokuzilibazisa yakhe.

Collector ngofuzo

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, kwaba umzala Alexei Petrovich Bakhrushin Aleksei Aleksandrovich ephefumulelwe ku yokuzilibazisa. Wanikeza amacebiso awusizo ngezindlela lokuqoqa. Weluleka hhayi ukuchitha imali ezitolo ezibizayo futhi uthenge izinto ezimakethe futhi phezu Sukharev.

ziphephile Okokuqala yayimane nje egumbini lendlu, kodwa ekugcineni ukusakaza emakamelweni aphezulu. Collection anda. Ngakho kwamiswa olandelayo ehamba phambili State Central Theatre Museum Bakhrushin.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe isipho

Lapho inxuluma ishiywa khulula kule nkundla kuwo wonke amagumbi amathathu, u-Aleksey Aleksandrovich enquma ukudlula igalari mahhala futhi ngokuphelele ngaphansi kokunakekela isimo.

Ngokusobala, ngokusho kodwa iseluleko omunye umzala wami sika ubapha yakhe. Iseluleko kwaba: "hhayi ukuze adlulisele iqoqo izingane, ngoba abazi bayawazisa umsebenzi futhi aphelise Museum."

Usinxusa ukuba Duma State, kodwa kukhona it is ikuphikile esekelwe kunokushoda kwezimali e isabelomali edolobheni.

Museum wathatha ngaphansi sephiko lalo Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov (uMengameli we-Academy of Sciences). Isinqumo sakhe, igalari aba ngaphansi kokulawula kwe-Academy. Kwaba Novemba 25, 1913

Ngisho nangemva kokuba Revolution Theatre Museum. Bakhrushina egqoka "igama wobunxiwankulu." Yakhe

Njengoba sekunama-impilo entsha iziphathimandla sawohloka. Umndeni kanzima ukufudumeza igumbi ne ziphephile.

Nomvuzi wafa 7 Juni 1929 e- izindlu eduze eMoscow amaslayidi Amancane. Wembelwa emathuneni Vagankovsky. U-Aleksey Aleksandrovich kwaze kwaba usuku lokugcina wahlala yinhloko Museum.

Izikhangibavakashi inxuluma Alekseya Bahrushina

Moscow Bakhrushin Museum uyaziqhenya iqoqo yayo.

Omunye ziphephile oluvelele - isithombe Fedora Shalyapina eyayibhalwe ngo-1909. Lokhu inkosi opera Russian. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayengumuntu soloist we Metropolitan Opera, i-Bolshoi yaseshashalazini Mariinsky. Anakho inkanyezi phezu Hollywood Walk Lodumo. Portrait - ukusebenza Aleksandra Yakovlevicha Golovina, umculi, setha umklami nomculi. Chaliapin ngomfanekiso Mephistopheles.

Lesi sithombe se-kuthé phambi weKhabhinethi wangomhla zingama-Alexei Alexandrovich, elinye - at the ophumayo Museum. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngomfanekiso Boris Godunov. Umbhali izithombe - Nikolay vasilevich Kharitonov.

Fedor ngokwakhe wayengumuntu isivakashi njalo zemibukiso kanye nabanye abanikazi, ngakho kumaphesenti athile kuxoxwa ngaye - kwesokunxele kuya ngokwabo.

umsunguli iKhabhinethi

Bakhrushin Museum e Moscow has zezikhulu zayo nezimpahla siqu fan enkulu. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo ehhovisi - isithombe sakhe, futhi kwedeski. Njenganoma iyiphi ngumuntu onobuqambi, itafula wanqwabelanisa nezinkulungwane izinto kancane. Ngamunye has indaba yayo siqu. Phakathi kwazo kunezinye olubunjiwe isibhakela esiliva. Kukhona umbono ukuthi wathela abadlali olusemthethweni Maly Theatre, futhi ngaleyo ndlela oyicelile ukuthi Uzithukululile ukulawula lakhe phezu kwabo.

Ehhovisi - ukusebenza AL Roller, O. A. Kiprenskogo, I. E. Repina, K. P. Bryullova, Sorin, Z. E. Serebryakovoy, A. V Fonvizina nabanye abaningi.

iqoqo eliyingqayizivele amaphosta eyenziwe amakhosi adumileyo AM kanye V M. Vasnetsovymi, A. Ya Golovinym, S. Yu Sudeikin,. I. Ya Bilibinym,. LS Bakst.

Kunezindlela Umbukiso ukuthi lunikezelwe ballet. Ukuqoqwa ballet izicathulo ubonisa kwemvelo kule art.

Hall Theatre Lokuzalwa

Bakhrushin House isitshela indaba ethempelini Melpomene. Ngo ihholo lombukiso zonke izinkambo ziqale portrait Fedora Volkova, owadala unomphela netiyetha Russian futhi kubhekwa umsunguli wayo. Iqoqo ine isimemezelo ezisemthethweni 1758 uQueen Elizabeth II ukudalwa ubuciko yenengi yokuthoma. Kukhona-patent kweqiniso ka kwamadoda asebukhosini, okuyinto aluthola Umbusikazi uCatherine II.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Bakhrushin amaqoqo ezicebile futhi engavamile, isibonelo ezifana imininingwane serf yaseshashalazini Sheremetiev futhi lokuzalwa izigcawu upopayi Arenas. Kukhona ihholo elalinikezelwe Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19, endaweni ubeke eceleni lapho Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu. Lo mbukiso amumethe izinhlamvu imbongi, ekumeni of Izıhlabane kwekhulu, izinto zabo.

izindawo Abaningi babekela eceleni ngoba amasampula lethempeli oluthandayo Melpomene umsunguli - the Maly Theatre. Kukhona layout isakhiwo ngo-1840.

Ezinye zezinto - sibonga abadlali kusukela abalandeli. izinhlamvu ngokomzwelo, Igama eligcwele ISIPHO Museum Bakhrushin. Sikhungo esiteji zokubhukuda, amadrama yesandla, abadlali Autographs - konke lokhu indlu umndeni.

Indlela eya ziphephile Museum

Ngokuvamile u-Aleksey Aleksandrovich olukhohlisayo. Ukuze umeme umlingisi, uyawubhidliza, uyawubhidliza kuze ewindini nge igama isivakashi, emva kokukhipha kusukela emashalofini a zezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezithakazelisayo, futhi akhononda ukumelwa ubumpofu. Futhi theatergoers ngokushesha yasigcwalisa izimpahla zazo, okungaba iqoqo ewusizo. Ngakho agcwaliswa Museum Bakhrushin.

Ziningi izinto Wathenga emakethe. Kwaba ku Sukharev Wathenga ngoba ruble angu-50 22 portrait serf abadlali Sheremet'yevskiy yaseshashalazini. Kamuva kwacaca ukuthi ukuthi imidwebo Kwebiwe. Libuye lapho wafunda behlise. Ebengikufuna into ezithakazelisayo, futhi ibuza intengo angomakhelwane. Umthengisi, umxhwele amaklayenti, wancoma umkhiqizo futhi eyayigcwele intengo. Bakhrushin, sengathi ngengozi, cela intengo eziningi izimpahla agcinwe, umdayisi is hhayi ukulalelisisa, ngabiza lemali engezansi. Khona-ke umuntu wathenga into kwesokudla ezishibhile.

E-Moscow waya anecdote ukuthi Bahrushin athile ngokushesha. Phela, njengoba nje ukukhanya ihambe umlingisi odumile, indoda bangiphuca izinto zakhe eqoqweni lakhe. Amakhophi wamnika ngonembeza omsulwa, ngoba bazi ukuthi ukubaphatha ukunakekelwa lo muntu.

Kuze kube manje igalari kuhlanganisa amagatsha ayisishiyagalolunye - a izindlu yesikhumbuzo, amafulethi izibalo yamabhayisikobho Russian owaziwa, kanye ihholo lombukiso.

Abantu abaningi bafuna ukuba zihlanganyele emhlabeni wezobuciko. Ngezikhathi ezithile kule isikhungo avele izikhala. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Bakhrushin yamjabulisa ukwamukela ithimba lakho womuntu ukuthi uyakwazisa futhi ihlonipha umlando ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini.