Umculo Baroque

Siyini "imiklamo yobuciko"? Baroque - kuyigugu, okuyinto ine ijamo okungajwayelekile (ukuhumusha elingokoqobo elivela isiPutukezi). Ngo-Italian izwi lisho "eziyinqaba, kube yinqaba." Kodwa into akuyona translation, kodwa iqiniso lokuthi lo Inkathi Baroque, okuyinto wadonsa kusuka 1600 kuya 1750., Ingabe ekuqaleni ukusabalala impucuko yaseNtshonalanga eYurophu.

Phakathi nale nkathi, ngakho abizwa ngokuthi "Baroque" engokwemvelo umale ngokuphelele, kungakhathaliseki ukungazi ngisho savagery. Owesifazane, isibonelo, kwadingeka ukuba okhanyayo, donsa ku corset, umbala - kwekhanda ezihlotshisiwe. A isiketi kwaba osayizi Amazing. I ubulili besifazane base lezi ziyingi eliphakeme wazicabangela ngisho hot izinsuku ehlobo, ukugcina isikhumba esimhlophe. Phela, tan kancane kwaba alifaneleki.

Abesilisa Kwadingeka inhlanhla akukho okungcono - iwigi saziso ekhanda lakhe, akukho amadevu noma intshebe - kuphela ihlanzekile ukushefa ubuso. Kuphoqelekile ukuba ukusebenzisa iphunga kanye powder wedwa.

Ukuvela izitayela ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe uye liphenduke uhlobo oluthile "ukuqhuma" ngenkathi Baroque. Umculo zaqala ukushintsha okuningi. umculo Vocal kancane kancane waqala ukuthatha izikhundla zabo, yadedela ithuluzi. Lokhu kwaba nomthelela ekubeni buthakathaka iSonto LamaKatolika ukulawula inqubomgomo (Yempucuko). Kwakuphakathi nale nkathi bese wazalwa nomculo wezwe.

Kancane kancane, umphakathi ifikile yokuthi umsindo zomculo waqala ihlangana zibe linye, okwaholela ukuvela amaqembu, nakuba isikali hhayi esikhulu njengoba esikhathini sethu. amakhonsathi lokuqala okwakukhona kulo umculo esontweni kuphela.

Kusolwa ukuthi umqondo wokuqala wegama elithi "ekhonsathini" Kwente kuvakale umzabalazo noma umehluko.

Ngandlela-thile, kodwa umculo isiko Baroque uye wakwazi ukuvula ukubukwa okuningi emculweni, kakhulu ekwandiseni amakhono ayo.

Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, futhi kwakukhona bomculo ezimbili ezinkulu - Corelli futhi Vivaldi. sokunconywa wabo ukuthi baye wakwazi ukusungula begodu bahlanganise ekhonsathini, futhi becabangela okungale kwalokho ibandla. soloist ngamunye waba nethuba ukusebenzisa ekhonsathini ukukhombisa amakhono abo.

Ngandlela-thile ngaphambi kwalokho, cishe ngo-1600, ekuqaleni ekuzalweni kwesikhathi Baroque, abaqambi ezimbili ezinkulu - okungukuthi, Cavalieri futhi Monteverdi wabhala opera lokuqala ababevela ukunambitheka nemibuthano wokuziphilisa iminyaka eminingi ziye waqaphela ngokungena ku fashion. Ngesisekelo esiqintini opera wayedabuka zamaGreki noma wamaRoma. Lokhu kwaba isinyathelo sokuqala umculo Baroque.

Opera - ngemdlalo lokudweba, uye waphefumulela bomculo ukuqaliswa izindlela ezintsha zokuthola izinsuku umfanekiso ethinta imizwa nemizwelo yabantu e umsindo umculo. Uma sikubeka kalula, opera yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo umthelela isimo esingokomzwelo isilaleli, kwaba luba umgomo wakhe.

Ngenxa yalo msebenzi we Rameau, Purcell futhi Handel opera sandile ensimini ka eFrance naseNgilandi.

England nomthelela kwenkathi Baroque, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-oratorio, okuyinto ihlukile opera. Oratorio - umsindo umculo, esigabeni akuyona ephelezelwa senzo. Ngokuvamile, oratorio yayisekelwe wemibhalo yenkolo noma izindaba. Isibonelo kungase ukukhonza njengomdala oratorio "Mesiya", eyabhalwa Handel. Opera isibe uhlobo esiteji umculo Baroque yesibili.

Kodwa eJalimane opera "akakuthandanga", ngakho bomculo German wasala yakhe - ukubhala umculo for the esontweni.

Enye, futhi ningafani ngisho owaziwa umqambi enkulu yenkathi Baroque kuyinto Johann Sebastian Bach. Waya umculo eziningana eyinqaba, ukuthola kulo amathuba engapheli ngokuya ukudala imisebenzi. Kuyinto ngenxa Bach, sonata lokuqala, Harpsichord, eyandulela upiyano, waba insimbi enkulu yomculo.

umculo Baroque wadlala indima, okwenza kube ezihlukahlukene, sisivumele okungaphezu isonto futhi baqala ukuthuthukiswa yabo kwezinye izitayela.