Asemaqeleni polecat: isithombe kanye nencazelo, ukuziphatha, ukukhiqizwa kabusha. Kungani asemaqeleni polecat is ezisohlwini iNcwadi Red?

Ngubani polecat asemaqeleni? Lesi sithombe ezihlekisayo noboya isilwane uyakwazi Ncibilikisa inhliziyo abanonya kakhulu. Mayelana ferrets uya eziningi izinganekwane - Bathi, zingabantu abaphangi nesihluku henhouses. Kodwa izilwane ezidla ezinye ezincane ezifuywa e ekuthunjweni - hhayi kuphela amapulazi noboya uboya. Bathatha fana khundla njengoba izinja namakati. Abantu ngokwethukela ezifuywa kubo njengezilwane ezifuyiwe ukudlala futhi unothando. Ngo Medieval Europe ferrets abadlale indima amakati amancane ke. Babamba amagundane izinqolobane, ukudala induduzo. It ngokuthi i domesticated Ferret ferrets noma Furo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lena zenyathi olukhethekile zasendle isilwane albino. Phela, lo mdwebo edumile by Leonardo Da Vinci sika "Lady nge Ermine" Intombazane enhle egcina Ferret kuyinto. Kodwa kulesi sihloko asikhulumi kangaka ferrets njengoba ngezihlobo zawo zasendle ezihlala ehlathini futhi asemaqeleni.

umndeni elikhulu Mustelidae

Ngo ezesayensi ngezigaba ngokuthi asemaqeleni polecat Mustela eversmanni. It kungokwalabo umndeni ka mustelids. Lokho distantly ezihlobene yezilwane ochakide mink, solongoi, izipikha, futhi, eqinisweni, Martens. Lena esincelisayo encane ezidla kungokwalabo uhlobo lwe of ochakide futhi ferrets. In the izwi wesibili igama yesayensi isilwane - eversmanni - bathela intela ku-sezilwane Russian E. A. Eversmanu (1794-1860), owachaza zilwane. Izihlobo abaseduze kakhulu nomuntu asemaqeleni ugodo (Mustela putorius) kanye omnyama ezinezinyawo (Mustela nigripes) zamaHori, futhi Ferret (Mustela putorius Furo). Zingamatana nomunye futhi ahlinzeke inzalo iphila. Umuntu nzalo eziningi ziye etholakala: isibonelo, hybrid polecat-mink, okubangelwa inyunyana i mink. Nakuba zonke izinhlobo ferrets babe izindawo ezahlukene, bona azivumelanise nezimo ezintsha. Ngakho, ihlathi ferrets kwalethwa New Zealand ukubhekana labantu elikhulayo amagundane. Ngenxa yalokho, izilwane ezidla ezinye ezincane-kwaguqulwa manje sisongelwa nezilwane bomdabu kulesi siqhingi.

habitat ferrets

Zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zivamile enkolweni Eurasia, eNyakatho Melika nase enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, lapho, njengoba ososayensi bakholelwa, ukuthi ezifuywayo Furo. ERussia, owakhiwe ihlathi (amnyama) kanye Grassland (ukukhanya) kaHori. Nakuba umbala kungesona isici esiyinhloko kwezinhlobo. Phakathi ferrets abavamisile amacala albino, njengoba kungaba amnyama noma Ermine isudi. Ukuze zonke izinhlobo eyinqaba isici "imaski" ebusweni. Asemaqeleni polecat uhlala ezindaweni evulekile yeChina, eMongolia eKazakhstan nase-Asia Ephakathi, e iningizimu yeSiberia, Eastern futhi eYurophu Ephakathi. It ugwema emahlathini, izintaba, nemizana. Ukhetha elisezansi asemaqeleni, semidesert, imishayo. Ihlathi yakhe uzakwabo, kunalokho, itholakala emahlathini nasemahlathini. Black ezinezinyawo Ferret kwendawo yemvelo - emahlathini aseNyakatho Melika. Domesticated ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule e-Afrika noma Iberia Peninsula Furo has a isimo sokungakhethi kwesikhwama nolaka futhi mnene zasendle akakwazi ukuzondla.

asemaqeleni Ferret: incazelo uhlobo

Lokhu - isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke yazo zonke zezilwane. Adult male obuphelele umzimba 56 amasentimitha, futhi isisindo - amakhilogremu amabili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isilwane ngempela umxhwele (18 cm) umsila, yena usengozini raspushivaet. Guard izinwele ziphezulu, kodwa ezingavamile. Siyabonga kulesi sici, ukukhanya ebonakalayo futhi underfur obukhulu. Dark "imaski" ezizungeze amehlo esivamile zonke izinhlobo Mustela, kodwa asemaqeleni ferret ngokucace kakhudlwana, ngoba egqoke ekhanda ezimhlophe. Amathebhu nomsila (noma ithiphu) amnyama. Animal kuhamba jumping. Asemaqeleni polecat, isithombe okuyinto "ikhadi ukushaya" yezinye izinhlobo "Isivuvu ka Zorro" Usizakala phansi izingwejeje, hamsters, pikas nezinye namagundane. Unganqikazi ukuthatha futhi izintethe ezinkulu. Bachitha izidleke phansi izinyoni. Ngo Ukudla yakhe ihlanganisa amaxoxo, izibankwa, okungenani - inyoka. Abantu abahlala ngasosebeni loMfula imifula kanye namachibi ukukhombisa amakhono amahle kakhulu ukubhukuda. Base abe ukudla namanzi izimvukuzane.

Isibalo zinhlobo ensimini ka-Russia

Esikhathini asemaqeleni kanye ihlathi asemaqeleni wengxenye European Russian Federation lalikhona a zenyathi entshonalanga Ferret ukukhanya. Eningizimu eSiberia, Zeya-Bureya Plain futhi lase-Amur esifundeni kutholakala biotype eziwusizo kakhulu. Inani labantu base-lokhu polecat ukukhanya lunciphe lwaba iyashaqisa ngezabelo ku zamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Ikakhulu - ngenxa ukukhiqizwa engalawuliwe uboya nokwehlisa izindawo kwendawo yemvelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla endaweni ihlathi endaweni Amur-Zeya phakathi inwetshisiwe we polecat asemaqeleni, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthuthukiswa ala mazwe i wezolimo ziyingozi ekusindeni zenyathi. Kakade sixties, lesi silwane ivelakancane Stavan ezingelwa. In the 70s wahlangatshezwa njalo ngonyaka futhi kuphela eduze noMfula Amur. Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi abantu balelo bhange ngakwesokudla (China) ukuwela Russian Federation. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi manje laseSiberia asemaqeleni polecat e Red Book of Russia, labantu bayo iye kancane kancane kuncipha.

Imikhuba ye polecat asemaqeleni

Isikhathi esiningi isilwane has a yokuphila ngedwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwenyuka kwezinga labantu endaweni elinganiselwe, ungakwazi ukwakha amaqoqo. Khona-ke, iqembu izilwane waqala inqubo ekwakheni kokuziphatha abathanda esigaba sabefundisi, kwakuwukuthi kanye nokubuswa. amaqaqa asemaqeleni ngokuvamile chasiselwe "ubugebengu" obenziwa izimpungushe, ochakide kanye Martens. Empeleni, kuba - isilwane ewusizo ngoba ebhubhisa, noma kunalokho, ilawula inani namagundane. Eside futhi mncane umzimba ukukhanya polecat kuyamsiza zingene isisulu sakhe emgodini. Kwesinye isikhathi usebenzisa kubo ngoba emakhaya azo. Nakuba uhlobo uye walungiselela polecat asemaqeleni imilenze kwemisipha ne izimpiko eqinile, zishona ke Ukuvubukula ezingavamile. Kwesinye isikhathi isilwane ukugqiba ukudla ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo ukuze nezikhathi zendlala, kodwa bavame ukukhohlwa ngalezi "stashes". izitha zemvelo asemaqeleni amaqaqa kukhona izinyoni ezidla inyama nezimpungushe. Ngo isilwane eziphuthumayo isebenzisa esinuka futhi pungent imfihlo nezindlala anal, okuyinto Kuphendula kwesitha.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ezindaweni kuhlalisana asemaqeleni polecat futhi ngokuvamile ngikubhastelise. Ngakho-ke, abantu atholakele futhi (amnyama) izilwane abamnyama. Nakuba inani lezakhi zofuzo zinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene: amathathu nesishiyagalombili abakhileyo emaqeleni, amane - kusukela zasehlathini. Asemaqeleni polecat ngaphandle kokuthi zikhwelwe igcinwe ngaphandle, kodwa ensimini yabo akusho uphawu futhi ayiwavikeli. Uma ezimbili abantu bobulili obufanayo ukuhlangabezana ubudlova komunye nomunye, they cha phendla. Kodwa abesilisa ukulwa lakowesifazana, okwalapha iluma nokuklabalasa kakhulu. Ladies ohlotsheni kancane esingaphansi Cavaliers, kodwa isisindo sabo kulula cishe ngesigamu: amakhilogremu amabili kuqhathaniswa 1,200. Abesifazane ebeletha ukwandisa futhi kuhlomisa izimbobo okungalungile, kuvuleke hay yazo, izimpaphe, fluff. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile, bemba bashone ngokwabo ekhaya. Ungakhetha beka noma imbobo ephansi amanga isihlahla eziyize. Ubaba ithatha ingxenye inzalo ezikhulayo. Uma abasha nganoma yisiphi isizathu afe, insikazi uyakwazi ngikubhastelise futhi emva eziyisikhombisa - nezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili. Nakuba ngokuvamile zikhwelwe iqala ngasekupheleni ebusika.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

ngemuva kwezinyanga nesigamu kokuzalela, insikazi sizala ephakathi kwemine eziyishumi (akuvamile nanhlanu) nqunu, iyimpumputhe futhi ngingakwazi nhlobo ukuzisiza namazinyane azo. Amehlo abasha evulekile kuphela ngenyanga. Asemaqeleni polecat - okhathalelayo kakhulu. Insikazi akabashiyi izingane kuze batawutfola lwati noboya. Ubaba kuletha intombi yakhe ukudla. Abahlengikazi zesifazane Pups ubisi naye kungathi izinyanga ezintathu. Kodwa ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho, eneminyaka engu-amasonto ayisishiyagalombili, lo mfundi osemncane has ukucinga ukudla. Lapho isikhathi lactation usuphothuliwe, lo abasha ukuhlakaza befuna indawo yayo. Ukuthomba zivele ekupheleni onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila. Ezikhathini ezimbili noma kathathu ngonyaka, ukukhulelwa zesifazane singenzeka.

ubude bempilo

Alas, i-Ferret ngokwemvelo, kungakhathaliseki zinhlobo, uhlala e-avareji yamaphesende ngeminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine. ngokwempilo yangenyama eNkulu izingane (ngezinye izikhathi wabulala wonke udoti), izitha eziningi zemvelo, ukuvaleka kwendawo ngenxa kwamahlathi zilima of emaqeleni nezimfunda, wanciphisa inani imiphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ferrets singangena kule izifo umqedazwe. Bayafa kusukela isifo frugivores, amarabi, skryabingileza. In ekuthunjweni, ukudla okunempilo futhi ukunakekelwa wezilwane, ferrets siphile kwabayisishiyagalombili, okungenani iminyaka eyishumi.

polecat European

Lesi silwane has a noboya mnyama kunalabo asemaqeleni akubo. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, inani lezakhi zofuzo zinhlobo ezahlukene ezihlobene, okuyinto akubavimbeli ukuba ukudala nzalo nomunye, kanye mink nezipikha. Ngaphandle polecat futhi kukhona, nakuba amancane, kodwa umehluko. He is ezincane futhi ngomusa. owesilisa umzimba obuphelele - kuze kufinyelele amahlanu cm, umsila - nesikhombisa cm, nesisindo - yingxenye eyodwa kilogram. ugebhezi lwakhe akuyona njengoba esindayo njengoba kule polecat asemaqeleni, nangemuva uzungeza hhayi onomfutho kakhulu. Izindlebe round wakhe, amancane. polecat European uhlala ase-Europe. ERussia, engatholakala kuze kube Urals. Uhlala, olufana negama lizisho, ehlathini ngisho o-Ashera encane. Fur umbala isilwane konsundu, kodwa umsila, imilenze, entanyeni nasesifubeni - cishe abamnyama. Ukudla e asemaqeleni kanye ihlathi ferrets efanayo - Muridae namagundane, Toads, amaxoxo, amaqanda futhi izinyoni abasha. Ungadla yesilwane esiphila ngenyama leverets. Ihlathi polecat futhi ayithandi zishona, zikhetha ukuboleka yomunye.

Ferret Black ezinezinyawo

Lena - komncane kunabo zinhlobo Mustela umndeni. It is basakaza eNyakatho Melika - eCanada nase-United States. Ubude umzimba sesilwane - wonke cm amane nanhlanu, futhi isisindo - kancane ngaphezu kilogram. Black ezinezinyawo Ferret noboya muhle: ngasesinqeni se elimhlophe amathiphu izinwele kancane kancane mnyama. Lokhu umbala unikeza jikelele aphuzi izilwane noboya ezinembewu. Ngenxa black ezinezinyawo Ferret noboya wayephakathi izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ngenhlanhla, abantu bayeka ngesikhathi ngu nokuqothulwa kwabantu nezilwane noboya ezinembewu. polecat American kufakwe Red Encwadi-United States. Kodwa kuze kube yilapho 1996 zilwane ophilayo kuphela ekuthunjweni. Manje baqala ukunyathelisa ngo engokwemvelo yemvelo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kukhona cishe izikhathi eziphindwe kasithupha ngabanye. American Ferret black ezinezinyawo odla ikakhulukazi marmots, ifike bangazihluphi ezidlekeni zawo. Ukuze sisinde, umndeni kumele kube ferrets amaBlackfoot udle namagundane, abangamakhulu amabili namashumi ayisihlanu ngonyaka, ngakho bahlala eduze yinhlanganisela umdlalo wakhe.

Ferret, noma Furo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Mustela putorius Furo ususiwe ukusuka ebumnyameni ihlathi polecat. Sinenkosi inombolo efanayo wama-chromosomes, sinikeze inzalo ngempela enempilo futhi akwazi ukuzala. Kodwa ukufuywa ngokuvamile wathatha izilwane albino. Ngakho-ke, i-Furo wanamathela elinye igama - Ferret emhlophe. Akuwona wonke umuntu uthanda amehlo abomvu futhi ngimpofu albino impilo. Ukuze kuqiniswe ke ferrets ngezinye izikhathi wawela kanye zasendle ihlathi izihlobo, ngakho umbala noboya izilwane ezifuywayo ziyahlukahluka: Sable, pearl, ophuzi, segolide. Level of intelligence, sekuseduze ukuba namakati. Kodwa musa ukuphendula kuphela isidlaliso, kodwa futhi ukwazi ukuhamba phezu leash futhi enze imiyalo ehlukahlukene efana inja. ferrets Young ziyizilwane ezithanda ukudlala kakhulu neselula. Isilwane enamathela master yakhe, nokuthembela kwabanye abantu.

Ferret Ukunakekela

Abazalanisi bavame usiqinisekisa ezingaba abathengi Furo ukuthi anakekele izilwane ezincane kudingeka ubuncane ngoba ferrets kukhona omnivorous. Lokhu akulona ngempela kuyiqiniso. Iqiniso liwukuthi ferrets kanye Ferret kuhlanganise, kukhona carnivores baphoqwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukudla yabo kungaba izilwane engaqhathaniswa kubo ngobukhulu. Endle, ferrets ungadli yenkomo kanye ingulube. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi umnikazi Ferret kufanele ukubamba gophers ukondla isilwane sakho. Ferrets abasabelayo ukuba izinkukhu kanye unogwaja. Ngezikhathi ezithile kungenzeka ukunikeza inyama yenkonyana, iwundlu offal. Nge izinhlanzi kudingeka uqaphe. Ferrets ungenziwa kuphela ulwe, Jack mackerel, haddock, mackerel, cod kanye trout. Furo Umnikazi (albino ikakhulukazi) kufanele basingatha futhi impilo isilwane sakho. Ngaphezu namarabi isifo usekela, kukhona isifo ferrets ethize. Lokhu plasmacytosis viral (isifo Aleutian esijwayelekile), kanye insulinoma hyperestrogenism. Ferrets nazo itheleleke nge Umkhuhlane womuntu.