Ancient Egypt: abapristi, ulwazi lwabo futhi ngeqhaza ababenalo empilweni yomphakathi. Iluphi ulwazi possessed Abapristi baseGibhithe?

Cishe zonke lapho ebhekisela ezinhlekeleleni eGibhithe lasendulo Yiqiniso, ngokuyinhloko iphiramidi. ngomlando emathempelini waseGibhithe izikhathi Pharaonic nanamuhla walondoloza kancane. Eyokuqala yalezi ezihlobana ngayo inkathi Old Kingdom. Ngokuvamile, zisekelwe isampula olulodwa.

Kwakukhona okubizwa ngokuthi ilanga amathempeli, izinhlelo izici kabani main wawusondelene izakhiwo zokuhlala, isilinganiso kanye balo Mbuso Omusha. Kuyimvelo, ngoba zazibhekwa zokuhlala zikaNkulunkulu.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Abantu abakhonza la amathempeli ayengowesifazane isigaba esikhethekile emphakathini waseGibhithe. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nesikhathi Ramesses ababenako eziyishumi angu ezweni kutshalwa futhi cishe inani elifanayo labantu. EGibhithe lasendulo, lapho abapristi babebhekwa njengezinhlanya nasenkonzweni yenkosi, azange abe amayunithi neziphathimandla nabezenkolo. Tikhundla ikhokhwe kahle impela. ngokushesha abapristi basendulo baseGibithe waqala ukuze uthumele izikhundla zabo zenani elikhulu eziyifa.

zokuphekela izikhonzi zendlu

Ukutadisha ezweni, ochwepheshe baye bafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi lesi sigaba nendima enkulu ekwakhiweni nokuchuma isimo, ekuthuthukiseni yempilo yengqondo kanye kulondolozwe amagugu zomlando namasiko. EGibhithe lasendulo, lapho abapristi zazibhekwa njengabantu abawuhloniphayo amasiko engcwele, ngokuvumelana uHerodotus, kwaba the zenzisa kakhulu nezenzo zenkolo ezinyantisayo Yezwe Lasendulo. Ngaphambili kukholakala ukuthi ukulawula abefundisi ukonakaliswa ukuphila kwabantu abavamile nokuthuthukiswa isimo. Eqinisweni, nabapristi baseGibhithe lasendulo, ngokuba ababheki emasikweni engcwele, nendima enkulu emlandweni futhi isiko yalesi sizwe sasendulo. Futhi lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi lokhu impucuko sesiqhubeke isikhathi eside kunalokho iyiphi enye.

Ngobani abapristi

EGibhithe lasendulo, kwaba ngababusi ekhethekile. Babefanele amandla enkulu ngempela, iyona nenhlonipho lesishaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ancient Egypt, lapho abapristi wacabangela otolika ka ngentando yaphezulu, wahlala imithetho yabo. Futhi kwakungeyona abantu nje abavamile. umbono wabo walalela ngokungenamibandela ngisho oFaro.

izici isici

amathempeli waseGibhithe bacebe ngokwanele, ngisho nangaphezu kwabo bonke ababusi. Kodwa abapristi basezindaweni eGibhithe lasendulo, okuyinto ifanekisela art rock - ubufakazi, begqoke emangalisayo elula. Bona wayegqoka amaphinifa kuphela loincloths. Esimeni ngezikhathi zemikhosi ikakhulukazi, laba befundisi bavezwa izivatho ezimhlophe. Ngo amabhayisikobho amaningi, etshela mayelana nendlela khona ithuthukiswe kanjani eGibhithe lasendulo, abapristi bamelela obani nge aphuce amakhanda awo bonyana kukhanyise, ngakho wagcoba amafutha izingebhezi kwabo kubonise ukuthi imisebe yelanga. Lokhu ukubukeka zokuphekela izikhonzi zendlu waqhathanisa ngokucijile izingubo yezikhulu wendawo, bemagange eningi ezintweni zokunethezeka.

indima

Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi kusadingeka nhlobo nabapristi baseGibhithe lasendulo. Lena izinceku lombhalo esikhethekile ngaphansi kwamandla aphezulu, owenza eziningi imisebenzi kuleli zwe. Labo okwakulindeleke ukuba ukuqapha inhlonipho onkulunkulu baseGibhithe, kanye nokugcina amasiko futhi nemicimbi.

Kodwa indima yabo kuleli zwe awugcini. Hlobo luni lolwazi possessed zabapristi baseGibithe, namanje kuyabamangaza izazi-mlando nabanye ososayensi abaningi. Kwakumelwe abaphathi enemisebenzi kakhulu imithwalo engqondo waphasiswa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, kusukela ngesikhathi izincwadi eziningi zasendulo. olwazini nakokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kugcinwa kuyimfihlo eyamsiza zigadiwe.

Namuhla ososayensi ukwenza okutholakele eziningi ngokutadisha Ancient Egypt. Abapristi bakwazi ukuphulukisa hhayi kuphela, babefundisa izingane izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu izinkomo ezifuywa, wathola izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo nezilwane. Baze udumo ithuba alungise mores womuntu. Kuyinto lezi zikhonzi wonkulunkulu oyikhethile ofanele kakhulu zokutshala noma isikhathi sokuvuna, bazimisele nezinsuku ngqo kazamcolo iNayile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ezilandelwayo izibikezelo abapristi lesiGreki elisetshenziswe idatha kusuka umtapo ethempelini, okuyinto igcinwe kokuma enemininingwane kakhulu imihlola eziningi yezinkanyezi. Lokhu kufakazelwa artefacts eziningi ezitholakala lapho bemba.

ulwazi

Lolu cwaningo waseGibhithe lasendulo abathintekayo ochwepheshe abaningi. Kodwa akekho umuntu ongathi ukuthi iyakwazi lokhu impucuko kuze kube sekupheleni, futhi, ngokukhethekile, has a picture kuqhathaniswa okuphelele kwalesi lombhalo walo omkhulu.

Umbuzo ngalokho ulwazi possessed zabapristi baseGibithe, namanje uvuliwe. Kodwa into eyodwa kungashiwo: iningi ososayensi ongaphika hhayi lenhlobo ukuthi isintu namuhla ungaphakathi abakutholile, ubuchwepheshe babo.

EGibhithe lasendulo kwaba kakhulu athuthukile ukufunda izinkanyezi, okuyinto eduze eyayiphambana nokufunda izinkanyezi. Nokho, kwakungekhona "proritsatelskoy" nezelimo wezokwelapha. Abapristi wafunda ithonya izinkanyezi nezinye izindikimba zasezulwini nemvelo nenhlalakahle yabantu.

Kodwa kukhona esinye umbono: yokufuna umazi ngokuseduze kakhulu impucuko yethu ukweleta abamele impucuko ezisemkhathini. Futhi lokhu ixhunyiwe ngokuvunyelwa enjalo ngumbuso naseGibhithe lasendulo, abapristi indlela yokuphila abantu bayo namasiko abo enkolo kabani lonke vymeryat ngokuhambisana nemithetho, okwashukumisa le Sirius inkanyezi.

Ngokumangalisayo, kwaba igama unkulunkulu oyinhloko wamaGibhithe. Osiris ... Leli gama ngokucacile ngokumthanda ezwakalayo futhi ngoba ahlonipha Sirius.

imisebenzi

Abapristi, njengoba abaningi becabanga kanjalo, akazange aim ukucindezela intando enkolweni yaseGibhithe. Basuke engazange esatshiswe abantu bakhe ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkolo lokhu impucuko luyisihluthulelo ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalakahle kanye nentuthuko yomuntu siqu.

EGibhithe lasendulo, abapristi ayehlukaniswe amaqembu ahlukene, ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Babefana abagcini izimfihlakalo ezingcwele, nabaphathi zenkolo. Ngoba ngisho isikhundla aphansi kwadingeka kunokuningi okufanele sikufunde, futhi le nqubo kwaba esingathí sina kodwa futhi kunzima. Uma, ukwenza isibonelo, khuluma ngezinto Bakenkhonsu career ye Ophakeme phakathi nokubusa Ramsesa Velikogo, ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kwaqala lapho kuhlala umpristi esizayo kwakuyiminyaka engamakhulu amane kuphela, waphelela eminyakeni engamashumi amabili.

magic

Lokhu kubhekwa isikhali yabo enamandla kakhulu. Babesebenzisa magic cishe yonke imikhakha yempilo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwelapha isiguli, umpristi waseGibhithe yethulwa kuye esimweni sokubona umbono. Phakathi lokukhohlwa lesiguli, yena okubhalwe ukwazi lakhe elamukelekile: ukuza yokutakula ekuseni futhi ephelele.

magic wabo wafike wasetshenziselwa kuzo zonke izici zokuphila, kodwa emkhakheni wezokwelapha kanye nokuphepha zihlobene imithi, i-trance isiko eGibhithe lasendulo safinyelela ukuthuthukiswa walo omkhulu.

Noma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi eGibhithe lasendulo, ubephelezelwa ngokwethula isiguli kule wombuso, bese ukufaka ikhodi ukwenziwa kuwo ngemithandazo nezikhalazo konkulunkulu onegunya kunabo.

Ithonya kude

Abapristi yingcweti kahle amakhono ngokusebenzisa trance nobutha kuthinte abaphikisi babo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ezitheni isimo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ayesebenzisa ezingaqondakali Psychotechnics iziphonso imfihlo ehlukene, isibonelo-ekubumbeni wax tinongo izitha, kanye phezu izithombe zabo imilingo. Ukuze ukuchayeka akude ukuba ngokwabo edingekayo ukuze anganyakazi, ukuze bakwazi ukuthonya izingqondo nezinhliziyo emzimbeni labamelene.

Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi Abapristi baseGibhithe kukhona amadlozi bolwazi lwabantu mayelana lomkhuba yokulutha.

requiem magic

Siyazi ukuthi laba bapristi amathempeli babehilelekile isevisi lokuqala onkulunkulu wezenkolo. Kodwa hhayi kuphela. Abapristi ngokuphelele kahle inqubo ka isiko - umngcwabo - magic njengoba amangcwaba emathuneni eGibhithe lasendulo kwaba okuningi. Kukholakala ukuthi bakwazi ukuthonya izimfihlo ezingaqondakali of iziphonso futhi "ka" - khona ngemva kokufa, nikwazi mummify abafileyo. Abapristi afakwe sarcophagi eduze kwabo ukudla kulungiselelwa le nkathi kwenziwa izinto zemilingo. "Ushabti," njengoba amaphayona ayebizwa kanjalo, ngokuvumelana abaseGibhithe, esiqashwe "ka" umufi kwelizayo.

Yamasiko nemikhuba

Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi indlela babonisa inhlonipho yabo onkulunkulu, futhi wafulathela them nanini. Enye inkambiso, lapho abapristi Osiris ngosuku kuvukela noma uNcibijane begqoke izingubo azenza buso, bese bangena emzini futhi wahamba emigwaqweni, kufana kakhulu carnivals lanamuhla. Umahluko owokuthi ukuthi ziye kuphela ezenzeka esikhathini inyanga entsha, futhi kubhekwa isiko ikakhulukazi lokungcwele, njengobe kubantu banamuhla ukuzijabulisa ezivamile shou.Tem okungenani abapristi enamandla kakhulu "isikhali" kwaba umlingo wabo. Kwakukhona ngisho lonke trance isiko nge iziphandla, potions, izithombe kanye iziza, okuyinto ukuvikela kuhlanganise yizifo ezihlukahlukene: Ngisho nguphoyizeni izinambuzane izinyoka nawofezela nasezilwaneni eziyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi lokhu lombhalo isinyathelo amasiko ekhethekile okwakumangaza abacwaningi kuze kube manje. Ngokwesibonelo, kungani abapristi baseGibhithe lasendulo, kokushiya isonto, zenziwe kude.