Ama-skyscrapers abizayo kakhulu akhiwe eminyakeni engu-20 edlule

Emashumini eminyaka adlule, izakhiwo zemiklamo azange ziphakame kuphela, kodwa futhi zakhula ngokubaluleka. Ukulinganisa kwethu kuhlanganisa imibhoshongo ebiza kakhulu emhlabeni, yakhiwe kabusha eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule. Ukuphakama komunye wabo okungenani ngu-152 m.

14. I-Antiliya (Maharashtra, India)

Ngo-2010, ummeli waseNdiya u-Mukesh Ambani wakhiwa i-Antilia ububanzi obuphakeme ngamamitha angu-173. Indlu yangasese ye-magnate inamaphesenti angama-27, kanti indawo yayo ingama-37 000 m². I-skyscraper iyakwazi ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba ngobukhulu bamaphuzu ayisishiyagalombili. I-Antilia ibiza izindleko ze-Ambani $ 1 billion futhi yaba yindawo enkulu yokuhlala yangasese emhlabeni wonke, ngenani elivunyelwe kuphela eBlakkingham Palace.

13. Burj Al-Mamljaka (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

I-99-story rising-skyscraper engaphezu kwamamitha angu-300 yenzelwe inkampani yaseMelika e-Ellerbe Becket futhi yakhiwa ngo-2002. Amahhovisi amakhulu amahholo, amahotela kanye namafulethi, kanye nebhuloho elimboziwe lapho kuvuleka imibono ye-Riyadh.

Esitezi sesibili samabhilidi kukhona ibhange, isikhungo sokuthenga nezokuzijabulisa kanye nomsikashika wabesifazane. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kubiza u-$ 1 billion.

12. Indlunkulu ye-European Central Bank (eFrankfurt am Main, eJalimane)

I-skyscraper yakhiwa ngonyaka ka-2014, futhi kusukela ngo-2015 kungokwalabhange eliphakathi kwendawo ye-euro.

Izindleko zokwakha umbhoshongo zaziyi $ 1.25 billion.

11. Burj Khalifa (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)

Ukuvulwa kwezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni wonke kwenzeka ekuqaleni kuka-2010 - eminyakeni eyisithupha emva kokuqala kokwakhiwa. Ngomoya ophezulu ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kungu-828 m.

Ngaphakathi kweBurj Khalifa kukhona amahhovisi, izitolo, izindawo zokudla, izindawo zokuhlala kanye namahhotela ayisishiyagalombili, kanye nendawo ephakeme kakhulu yokubona umhlaba. Ukwakhiwa kwe-giant kwakhiwe imali engu-R5.5 billion.

I-Shard (eLondon, eNgilandi)

I-shard ibiza u-$ 1.5 billion eyakhiwe ngo-1975, kodwa ukuphakama kwayo okungu-310 m, kwafinyelela ngo-2012 kuphela. Manje umbhoshongo wama-95-strey uyisakhiwo eside kunazo zonke hhayi nje eNgilandi, kodwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

Esikhathini esiphezulu sendawo kukhona amahhovisi, izindlu zokudlela, izindawo zokudlela, izitolo, ihhotela, isibhedlela, isikole sebhizinisi kanye nedokodo eliphakeme kunazo zonke kuleli zwe.

9. I-Taipei 101 (Taipei, Taiwan)

I-skyscraper, njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, lifaka phansi phansi angu-101 futhi lifinyelela ekuphakameni kwama-509 m. Ekukhuphukeni okuphezulu kukhona amahhovisi, izitolo kanye nendawo yokudlela. Isimakethe sakhiwo kwakungubhokisi elikhulu le-pendulum elimisiwe phakathi kwe-92nd no-87th phansi. Linciphisa ingozi yokuwa kwesakhiwo uma kwenzeka ukuzamazama komhlaba noma isiphepho.

Ukwakhiwa kweTaipei 101, okwaphela ngo-2004, kubiza u-$ 1.8 billion.

8. Palazzo (Las Vegas Strip, eU.SA)

Ukwakhiwa kwehhotela kanye nekhasino "Palazzo" ihlukaniswa yiklamo yayo yokunethezeka eyenziwe ngaphansi kwethempelini yezakhiwo ze-Italy Renaissance.

Ukwakhiwa kwalo, okwakudingeka i-$ 2.05 billion, kwaphela ngo-2007.

7. I-Princess Tower (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)

Umbhoshongo wamiswa ngo-2012 futhi wabiza u-$ 2.17 billion. Emkhatsini wezakhiwo eziphakeme ngamamitha angu-414 m, kunezindawo zokunethezeka ezingaphezu kwama-700 nezitolo.

Kusuka phansi phezulu kombhoshongo ungajabulela ukubukwa okumangalisayo kwe-Dubai.

6. I-Venice (Macau, China)

I-skyscraper ihlanganisa ihhotela lokunethezeka, ikhasino, kanye nendawo yokuthenga, endaweni lapho iziteshi zikhona. Kuzo kuzivakashi ze-gondolas zisuka esitolo esisodwa kuya kwesinye.

I-skyscraper, eyakhiwe ngo-2005, yatshalwa u- $ 2.4 billion.

5. Tower of Freedom (eNew York, eU.SA)

Isakhiwo esikhulu, esakhiwe ngo-2013, sabiza u-$ 3.8 billion. Itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga yesayithi, lapho kutholakala khona i-World Trade Center, kubhujiswe ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula.

I-Lifts ye-Freedom Tower, ekhuphukela epulatifomu yokubuka, ifakwe izikrini ezibonisa indlela iManhattan ishintshile ngayo kusukela ngo-1500.

4. I-Cosmopolitan (Las Vegas, eU.SA)

I-skc skyscraper enezitolo, izindawo zokudlela, i-casino, iholo yaseshashalazini, ihholo lesigungu, isikhungo sempilo kanye ne-spa sidinga imali eyizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-

Ukukhanga okuyinhloko kwamazwe angaphandle kwakuyizinga elimangalisayo lomkhiqizo we-crystal Swarovski.

3. Winn Las Vegas (Las Vegas Strip, eU.SA)

Ukwakhiwa kwehhotela elingamamitha angu-187 nekhasino "Winn Las Vegas" kwaphela ngo-2005. Ngaleso sikhathi, izindleko zayo kwakungu-$ 4.1 billion. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2016, isikhulu esiphezulu sakwaqala ukusebenza emsebenzini.

Eminyakeni engama-4 ezayo, okubalwa kuyo, enye imali eyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ($ 1.6 billion) izobe isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa.

2. I-Marina Bay Sands (eSingapore)

Ngo-2010, esifundeni esiPhakathi saseSingapore, inhlanganisela entsha yemibhoshongo engu-55 yemibhoshongo ephakeme ngamamitha angamakhulu amabili - i-Marina Bay Sands - yavulwa. Abanikazi bezindawo eziphakeme baye bafaka imali engamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.

I-Marina Bay Sands ihlanganisa ihhotela, isikhungo sezitolo, amahholo angu-2, izindawo zokudlela ezingu-7, i-rink yokudoba kanye nekhasino, eyaziwa ngokuthi iyabiza kakhulu emhlabeni. Emibhoshongweni yenkimbinkimbi kukhona ithala njengendlela ye-gondola enebhuku lokubhukuda kanye nensimu engaphezu kwezingu-12 000 m².

1. Abraj al-Bayt (eMecca, Saudi Arabia)

Ukwakhiwa kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuphethwe nguhulumeni waseSaudi Arabia, kubiza u-R15 billion. Okwamanje lokhu kuyisakhiwo esibizayo kakhulu esidalwe. I-Abraj al-Beit iqukethe ama-skyscraper ayisikhombisa futhi isesimweni sesithathu esimweni sezakhiwo nezakhiwo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zomhlaba.

Ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke i-Royal-Clock Tower eyi-120-storey, okude ifana ne-Big Ben yaseLondon.

Iyaziwa ngamawashi ayo amakhulu, axhunyiwe ngomoya wamamitha angu-45 nge-crescent yegilt.

Ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo eziphakemeyo kukhona amahhotela okunethezeka, izindawo zokuhlala, izindawo zokudlela, indawo yokuthenga yezitolo ezinhlanu nezindawo zokuzijabulisa nokupaka.

I-Royal Clock Tower ibonakala kuMosque Ogcinwe, lapho izinkulungwane zamaSulumane zithandaza nsuku zonke.