Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop: incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ukutshalwa kanye nokugcinwa, isithombe

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - umhlali ehlathini izimfunda kanye emaxhaphozini. Kodwa amasu okulima zisenza eziningi ihlathi emasimini isikhule ngempumelelo ekhaya izingadi. Ikakhulukazi abathandwa balimi Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto sinikeza ngemininingwane esiphezulu, ukubabulala ukuthi kuncane ukuthi lokhu berry emangalisayo kufanele ukuthenge futhi isitshalo engadini yakho. Kungani kufanele sikhule aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi kungani Blyukrop? Izinto eziza kuqala.

Le ndawo zokukhula

Uma uzoba endaweni yabo yimuphi isitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi livelaphi. Kuyasiza ukuba siqonde lokho izici ukunakekelwa kuzodinga isilwane esisha oluhlaza. Mayelana uhlamvu esihlokweni sethu kuyoba inembile inkulumo ethi "American amajingijolo Blyukrop".

Incazelo ezihlukahlukene ezidingekayo uqaphele ukuthi kwakusijabulisa abalimi American, futhi izicelo ezimbonini it is kusukela ngo-1952 eyaziwa. E-US Blyukrop uphawu lokuma, it is ngenkuthalo ezikhulayo kulo lonke i-Nyakatfo Melika. Futhi imvelo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingatholakala zonke izifunda lapho akusiyo ashisayo ehlobo futhi ngempela kubanda ebusika.

ERussia, it is kutshalwa kuzo zonke izindawo nge sezulu esipholile, kuhlanganise naseMoscow, Leningrad esifundeni, eMpumalanga Ekude, Trans-Urals, Western eSiberia.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Blyukrop uhlobo kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-American noma American amajingijolo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa lezi emibili ehlobene eduze izitshalo nezithelo berry zifana kakhulu. Kodwa kukhona umehluko omkhulu mayelana ikakhulu isivuno futhi palatability. Ngakho-ke, ukuthenga yisithombo, uqiniseke ukuthi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, noma kunalokho abayikho ngaphandle yayo, ngeke wenze iphutha ukukhetha.

Kanjani Blyukrop grade

Zonke Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezitshalo kukhona amalungu omkhaya Ericaceae futhi nezihlahla lezihlahla. Entwasahlobo ka namagatsha awo avele amahlamvu Iqanda emise kwakubonisa of amathoni ocebile oluhlaza. Zonke ihlobo, ngisho ngaphandle sezihlahla berry kukhona tebuciko kakhulu. Kodwa enhle ikakhulukazi ziba ekwindla, lapho amahlamvu izinguquko umbala oluhlaza ibe bomvu-purple-orange-purple. Yilokho okwatholwa Blyukrop amajingijolo.

Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunamazwi isithombe ukukhombisa sikhalo salo, sinqume kuqale umqhele, ukuze labo abafuna ukutshala endaweni kubhekwe isitshalo yabo, kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokusebenzisa landscape yayo avelele. aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop, kanye nabanye abameleli zilwane, eside isibindi, futhi, uma unakekelwa kahle ejabulisa ne ubuhle baso kuze kube iminyaka engu-100. Ukuphakama izihlahlana ezinhle kakhulu kodwa compact, ukufinyelela 1.7-2.1 m ngenxa ke ayisekho iyakhula.

Kubalulekile kakhulu ukunakekelwa kahle ukwazi ukuthi izici uhlelo impande has Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. incazelo ezihlukahlukene luyobe lungaphelele uma akazange aveze ukuthi izimpande zalesi izihlahla berry encane, filamentous, elise at a akukho cm engaphezu kwengu-40 kusukela phansi ukujula. Lint kubo lapho, ngakho uthole amandla ngezithukuthuku hyphae ekhethekile isikhunta, emthwalweni ezindaweni zawo futhi lingena ngaphakathi. izimpande amajingijolo eqala ukukhula kusuka ihlumela ukuvuvukala, iyama mayelana Meyi futhi laphinde uqalisiwe ngesikhathi amajikijolo yokuvuthwa. Uma izinga lokushisa lehla kuya esitebeleni 5, izimpande ukuzumeka kuze entwasahlobo.

Izimbali zifane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bochonochki ngaphandle kwesembozo noma izinsimbi, ogama amacembe Cishe eligoqiwe. umbala wabo ungase omhlophe noma pink, futhi ubude 1 cm. Luyaqhakaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngo-May, isinambuzane impova.

incazelo amajikijolo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubukeka umuhle ehlathini, ngenxa esiphundu, elimnandi futhi ewusizo kakhulu amajikijolo kutshalwa aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, izithelo nesithombe Lure kusuka emakhasini omagazini ingadi, kuyinto engacabangeki ngaphandle indaba lokho wokuvuna ezotholwa yibo bonke abahlala kahle ukunakekela pitomitsy yabo. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene kungokwalabo phakathi-ngakho amajikijolo uvuthwe ngo ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Ukuvuna imisiwe kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-August, njengoba yokuvuthwa senzeka Ukuboshelwa. ezithela sekukonke for ehlathini isizini 7-8, futhi amakhilogremu ngezinye izikhathi ezingaphezu, amajikijolo etholakala makhulu (kufika ku 2 cm ububanzi futhi enesisindo 20 amagremu), isikhumba iqine nge eqinile, ungalilahli crease, akukho binda futhi akukho ufa, futhi amahlumela uhlale ebusika.

Round, amajikijolo kancane isicaba ezimnyama blue, cishe abamnyama. Umbadlana oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubanika uhlobo plaque, okwakunginika igama kwakusho. Basuke eqoqwe amaqoqo elikhulu, ngokusebenzisa olubheka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka mnandi kangaka Blyukrop. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene njalo kubonisani ukuthi ukunambitheka amajikijolo uzoba mnandi, ephethe ukunambitheka ehlukile omuncu. Nokho, abanye abalimi bathi amajikijolo baba muncu kuphela. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi sokuvuna Yayiqala ekuseni kakhulu noma izitshalo etshalwa ngaphandle ngokuvumelana nemithetho.

Kukhethwa indawo zokutshala

Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi akusiyo ezingezwakali Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ukutshala esesikhundleni izici ezibalulekile kuzokusiza unqume ukuthi kulula ukukhula endaweni noma cha. Into yokuqala uwukuqala zonke wensimu, ukuhlangana isiqalo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - ukukhetha kwesokudla indawo. Kufanele kube libalele, vula ekhoneni ayenomoya ngoba emthunzini zalesi sitshalo uthela izithelo buthaka kakhulu.

Eyesibili isimo - inhlabathi umswakama. Kusukela imvelo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezikhulayo kukhona amaxhaphozi, ungabona ukuthi uyabuthanda umswakama. Mahle kabi uma wathola indawo lapho kukhona amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba, futhi aqambe amanga ngesikhathi ka 45 kuya ku-60 cm ukujula. Kulokhu, ngeke sigcine umswakama ezidingekayo ukuze amajingijolo. Uma komhlaba zilala kakhulu kwamanzi, kungadala amanzi yokujama tsi, okuyinto engeyinhle. Okokuqala, Bush oyogula, bese ngokuphelele angase afe. Uma une nje icebo ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuba enze amanzi qualitative ngaphambi kokutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. kangcono kancane lapho etafuleni amanzi sibonakala sishonile kunesikhumba kunesidingo. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo yiyo angabhubhi, kodwa kuyodingeka lonke ihlobo ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi nomswakama kwakwanele kuye.

Kunesizathu sesithathu, mhlawumbe isimo ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke sikhule aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop. Incazelo izinhlobo, okuyinto ezikhulayo ikakhulukazi kulandela imithetho ngenhla kubonisa ukuthi isitshalo esithile kudingeka kuphela kakhulu azibukhali (pH ngaphansi kuka 4) nokukhanya nenhlabathi. Ngo esindayo loam aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, cishe, ngeke sikhule ku ane-alikhali futhi singathathi hlangothi nenhlabathi ngisho iqala ukulimaza futhi ekugcineni anyamalale. Ngisho ngesikhathi pH 5-6, lesi sitshalo inokubukwa enhle kanye izithelo ezimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma umhlabathi endaweni engadini abe asidi evamile, kubalulekile ukuba wehlise eyayenziwe, bese kuphela itshalwe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Hlola i-pH kwenhlabathi kungaba endaweni yokugeza. Isithombe olunzima kungenzeka ukuthola izitshalo ezifana wona, Sorrel, Mint, Buttercup, heather, okuyinto asidi komphefumulo. Kodwa uma endaweni ubuswa kusofa utshani, isihlahla somkhaya, milkweed, asidi i-amajingijolo kudingeka kwenziwe nge. Kanjani? Khulisa Ngosizo lwawo sawdust ibolile futhi Peat esidi, okumele ukungezwa okutshalwe imbobo u hlanganise inhlabathi. ukufuna Ngakho futhi lula inhlabathi. Abanye abatshali belulekwa ukuba sinciphise pH ngu citric, malic, noma acetic acid, futhi lula inhlabathi ngokungeza nalokho yesihlabathi Peat in a isilinganiso 3: 1.

Lokusakaza by cuttings kanye Bokuhlela

Isikhathi esiningi vegetatively okusakazwa Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ogama izimfanelo baningi, ngokuqinisekile kubonisa ukuthi kungcono futhi kulula ukuze asakaze by layering aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, utshekisa amagatsha emhlabathini (kubalulekile ukuthi substrate qophelo lalinabashumayeli Peat nesihlabathi kunesidingo), ukuba ucindezele lutho afafaze iphuzu ukuxhumana substrate efanayo. Abalimi abaningi ngaphezu kwalokho embozwe isakhiwo ifilimu. Uma wenza kanjalo-ke ekuqaleni entwasahlobo, ake izimpande amagciwane by ekwindla, kodwa ukuhlukanisa naye elalivela esihlahleni kudingeka kuphela entwasahlobo elandelayo.

Okwesibili amajingijolo zizalela indlela - cuttings. Kuze kube yimanje, ekupheleni kwekwindla amahlumela bafa, emagxolweni esesikhundleni bok. Bakhandwa zihambisana futhi agcinwe endaweni epholile kuze entwasahlobo. Emhlabeni ekupheleni kukaNdasa, le cuttings bafa ku 20-25 cm ubude, ibekwe ebhokisini ne Peat substrate futhi qiniseka isihlabathi, waphuzisa sonke isikhathi aqikelele ukuthi inhlabathi yase usemanzi. Ibhokisi ibekwe endaweni abamba ukushisa noma umane ukudonsa ifilimu phezu kwalo. petioles Roots lekufanele takhe ekupheleni ehlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe zidluliselwa endaweni unomphela lokuhlala.

imbewu esiphelweni

Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi le nzalo esandisa Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. incazelo ezihlukahlukene (ubuhle ubude ngokuqinisekile isikhalazo ukuze abalimi abaningi) futhi ngezinye izikhathi inikeza le ndlela, okuyinto Yiqiniso, isikhathi esiningi ngokwengeziwe, kodwa ekugcineni bakwazi ukuthola okuningi izithombo. zikhule kanjani aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusuka imbewu? Hlwanyela kubo kangcono, kungakangeni ubusika, lapho kubanda, kodwa frost ongakabi usuqalile. Uma inqubo yokudlulisa entwasahlobo, imbewu kufanele wakubo esiqandisini zonke ebusika.

Ngaphambi ayihlwanyelayo, ukulungiselela imithombo noma anemifantu. phansi labo tamped, wathela kuya acid Peat, sawdust, isihlabathi futhi izinaliti, okufanele izikhathi 3 isikhathi eside kunaleso nezinye izingxenye. Ibekwe imbewu phezulu, wawathulula e substrate efanayo cishe 1 cm, waphuzisa. Entwasahlobo badinga ziqhume. ukunakekelwa esengeziwe Ukukhipha futhi ziba ngcono inhlabathi azungeze izithombo, kokuphuza efaka umquba ne-nitrogen eningi fertilizer. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izithombo laliqala ukwanda amandla ako ngokushesha. On-site Plating amajingijolo abasha zikhule iminyaka 2. Phakathi nale nkathi, balimi ungakwazi ususe ababuthaka kanye izitshalo okungenani ethembisa. Ukuhlala ngomnyaka wesithathu abatshalwé endaweni ekhethiwe ngabo.

ukunakekelwa

Uma yonke into yenziwe kahle, kokuhlupheka kancane kakhulu uyokhulula Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ukunakekela edinga ulwazi oluthile, indawo ekhethekile kunikezwa kanjani udinga ukuba ukhule. Sesiphawulile ukuthi amajingijolo kudinga omuncu ukukhanya nenhlabathi futhi umswakama eyanele. Lawa izithako ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphumelele. Uma ingadi umhlabathi esifundeni azanele amajingijolo pH adingekayo ukutshala izitshalo umbe emgodini ojulile nguhhafu imitha ububanzi elilodwa laying odongeni amabhodi, UTJHAPHISA noma amaphepha ipuleti metal, ukugcwalisa izakhiwo okuholela Peat esidi isihlabathi. Ungasebenzisa futhi le sawdust rotted, uphayini izinaliti, ngisho kusukela coniferous ihlathi umhlaba, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uhlole pH layo. Sikhumbuza, izinga lokuphuma kufanele lube phakathi 3-4. I zilungisiwe ngokunjalo ibekwe imigodi Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Nokho olithenge nursery izitshalo, cuttings noma cuttings Nokho, bagxilile, nakuba ezihlabayo landa lisuka imbewu).

Ukutshala isitshalo, phansi emhlabeni sawdust semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla noma izinaliti, embankments ungqimba kwaba mayelana 12 cm. Lokhu kusiza ukuba sifinyelele nomswakama oyifunayo. Nge ukuthambisa okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma ziba ngcono inhlabathi kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uhlelo impande ehlathini itholakala esondelene kakhulu ebusweni.

Kukhona enye indlela esingathola ukudala emhlabathini aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye asidi oyifunayo. Siqukethe lokwengeza emhlabathini isikhathi esingangonyaka noma emibili ngaphambi kokutshala ehlathini sulphur powder (per imitha cubic kufanele kube 250 amagremu) noma umquba amaminerali, ezifana urea, NPK, ammonium nitrate. Okubalulekile: zalisa aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akukwazi organic.

Sun - kungenye isimo okumelwe ahlangabezane nazo ukunikeza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esihlwabusayo Blyukrop. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Northern Tall iqukethe kubonisa ukuthi, emthunzini amajikijolo iboshelwe kakhulu esingaphansi abavuthiwe kamuva, bona, kanye ukunambitheka kwabo kutholakala nge-asidi sasivumela lubonakale.

Kukhulisa Blyukrop isivuno amajingijolo futhi izihlahla yonyaka. Kumelwe bafeze ngoNhlolanja - kuka-March. Empeleni isitshalo ekhiqizwa prophylactic (ukususa onesifo, amahlumela yonakele) kanye ekuvuseleleni (ezingeni eliphansi ziyasuswa amagatsha ubudala). Futhi, izihlahla Kwenziwa, kanye noma yimuphi umuthi izithelo noma ehlathini, ngenhloso thinning umqhele.

Efingqa ngenhla, kungaba kuqashelwe ukuthi amajingijolo ukutshalwa Blyukrop - akuyona into elula kangaka, kodwa esihlwabusayo futhi unempilo amajikijolo kuwufanele ukuzama.

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene. zinhlobo Northern ubude

Abanye abalobi ukuhlonza ezihlukahlukene, nakuba lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele, kusukela enyakatho ubude - uhlobo amajingijolo, isici esiyinhloko okuyinto ukuphakama isitshalo. Abanye abameleli bayo zandise kuze 4 amamitha, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso, zikhula 2-2.2 amamitha. Ikhaya ukuba zinhlobo eCanada nase uthi esenyakatho Melika. Lapha, isitshalo ngasinye uyakwazi bakhiqize bafike 10 kg amajikijolo, kodwa thina ukuthola kuyinto ephansi kakhulu kunalokho eRussia.

Izinhlobonhlobo kule zinhlobo kunezindawo eziningi. Umbandela esiyinhloko Ukukhetha zabo fruiting ngqi (aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Early sesivuthiwe, maphakathi, ngasekupheleni-ukukhula) kanye nenani amajikijolo. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene lokuqala athandwayo Patriot, Liberty, Aurora, Bluetta. bona zonke uvuthwe ngo ekuqaleni kuka July. Maphakathi no-inkathi izinhlobo zihlanganisa Chandler (amajikijolo ngobukhulu), Bluecrop, Bluejay, Duke, Hardyblue, Reka (ezihlukahlukene beyithela khulu) kanye nabanye abaningi. Amajikijolo baqala ukuqoqa kusukela maphakathi no-July. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-ezinikeza isivuno ngo-August, zihlanganisa izinhlobo Jersey, Elizabeth, Bluegold.

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene. ubuhle undersized

Kube eared (noma ixhaphozi) futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka undersized. Marsh futhi ixhaphozi kungabuye chasiselwe zinhlobo ekhula ongaphakeme, kusukela ukuphakama sezihlahla lingaphansi kuka 0.8-1 amamitha. Ziyakwazi ezikhangayo ngoba bayakwazi ukukhula nenhlabathi boggy abantu abahlala enkangala, futhi umthunzi ngokwengxenye, kodwa isivuno ongaphakeme, kuze 2-4 kg amajikijolo isihlahla. Amajikijolo ngokwabo athé lincane izinhlobo amade futhi asidi kuzo manje. abalimi Russian ngiyikhiphile izinhlobo ezifana agugula amajingijolo - ehlathini ubuhle Iksinskoye, Blue placer.

amajingijolo efanele ku imithetho kulinywe nokunakekela akahlukile abade, kuphela ikhula nje imitha nengxenye, okungenani - kuze kufinyelele 1-1.2 amamitha. Ngakho-ke, inikeza isivuno kancane kancane, futhi yena amajikijolo amancane, kodwa futhi simnandi kakhulu futhi unempilo. Omunye umehluko lingaphansi ezingezwakali yemifino amajingijolo. Ngakho, kuba bafune ku asidi kwenhlabathi futhi zingakhula kahle kakhulu pH 5-6, futhi uma umhlabathi akuyona ukukhanya okwanele, lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo ngeke ezintekenteke. Nomunye amajingijolo ehlathini undersized isizini yonke eziqoqiwe kg amajikijolo 3, kodwa ngoba ingxenye zwe yayo kungaba ngaphezulu uvalwe, nge isivuno ngokwesilinganiso etholwe kuyafana ukuthi kwezinhlobo ubude. izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile: Northblue, North Izwe, Northland.

kokufaneleka elingenakuphikwa

Kuze kube manje, izithombo kanye imbewu emakethe linikeza ezihlukahlukene amajingijolo izinhlobo, ngamunye ephethe kunezinzuzo zako kanye nebubi. Phakathi ezihlukahlukene funa ekhethekile Blyukrop aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, izimfanelo zonke izinkomba ezinemininingwane ngendlela letinikwe lapha ngenhla. Njengoba ubona, lokhu berry idinga ukunakwa, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa ezithela eliphezulu kakhulu izinga izithelo, zinhlobo enhle zokuhlobisa. Enye ewusizo for balimi Isici yandise amasosha ayo omzimba nezifo izithelo izitshalo kanye frost okusezingeni eliphezulu ukumelana. Bengenamizi Blyukrop umelana ngokuphepha okushisa afinyelela ku -34 degrees Celsius, uma kukhona ikhava iqhwa.

cottagers Ngakho abaningi, futhi abanikazi iziza yangasese like aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Blyukrop. incazelo kobufakazi ezihlukahlukene abantu ukuqinisekisa ngokugcwele. Amanothi ngokukhethekile ukuthi othelayo kokuvamile, kodwa eziningi amajikijolo eyatholakala ngokushesha, kodwa kuphela ngonyaka 4-5th emva kokutshala. Uma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akhule kusukela sokuvuna imbewu kuzodingeka silinde isikhathi eside. Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ezihlukahlukene ngokuthi i-frost, kodwa uma ebusika nokhahlo akukho iqhwa, izitshalo legatsha Umuntu angase athinteke. Ngenxa yokuntuleka nesiko ezinye balimi ukusho fastidiousness enhlabathini, ngokuvamile ukubeka kusayithi.