Altai Izintaba, Plateau Ukok

Wake wezwa we Ukok Plateau? Mhlawumbe uke kwadingeka isikhathi ukuya kule emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele endaweni yabo? Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi, impendulo yale mibuzo yomibili ingucha. Ngakho ngokwendawo kwenzeka ukuthi into yemvelo kungaphelele kude ethandwa izivakashi izindawo. Ukok Plateau (Gorny Altai) is hhayi ihlelwe charter izindiza, hhayi ngcono ukuba isizini Veranda amathilomu ezithile nezindawo zokudlela musa ukuvula amahhotela amasha njalo ngonyaka, kodwa, nokho, kuyafaneleka ukuvakashela lapho nje kuvela ithuba.

Lesi sihloko sizosisiza ukunitshela ngaloNkulunkulu luhlobo kumnandi kumephu yeRussia. Umfundi uzothola lonke ulwazi olufanele ukuze ngelinye ilanga, kumnyama noma kubomvu, oyolisusa uhambe phezu Ukok Plateau. Kanjani lapho, ukuthi izindawo ukuvakashela endaweni yokuqala futhi yini okumelwe siyibheke ngaphambi nangesikhathi uhambo lwakho? Zonke lezi mibuzo ngeke zama ukunikeza impendulo eningiliziwe kakhulu. Ngakho ...

Engcwele Ukok Plateau. incazelo jikelele

Okokuqala, siphawula ukuthi lesi sici ezindawo iseningizimu eningizimu e-Altai, ezintabeni, endaweni lapho ohlala ngasemngceleni ophakathi eRussia, eKazakhstan, China ne Mongolia.

Kuze kube manje, ithafa likhona UNESCO uhlu. Futhi lokho okudingekayo ukuze afakwe ohlwini abadumile kwaba ngaphezu kokwanele ngempela. Nazi ezinye zazo. Okokuqala, endaweni izivakashi nge imibono yayo acwebile hlane nokhahlo. Ngokuvamile Plateau Ukok, izithombe ongatholakala litholakala cishe kuyo yonke Atlas elalinikezelwe Russian Federation, kubhekwa engafinyeleleki. Futhi ngenhlanhla kwaba ukungabi khona umsebenzi womuntu kugqugquzelwa imvelo ukulondolozwa efomini intombi.

Okwesibili, le ndawo livulekele izivakashi izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo manje. Ngokwesibonelo, ungathola ephulukisa Radon iziphethu, azulazule phakathi kwezindonga kanye luchuma, kodwa manje - cishe wabhubhisa isiteshi sezulu kusukela eSoviet Union, ukukhuphuka phezu kwendunduma yenhlabathi, inkosazana futhi ujabulele ezintabeni, ezine-thousander ume ogwini ichibi elihlanzekile uhlalwe Grayling.

Izici Ezihilelekile Kule indawo

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, Ukok Plateau (Respublika Altay) iphezulu ezintabeni inesimo sezulu sasivumela nokhahlo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi endaweni endulo wakhonza njengephayona indawo yokukhulekela zamabutho wasezulwini. Kulapha izindela rose, nabathakathi washesha Labelaphi baphuthuma befuna izimpendulo zemibuzo okuphakade.

Manje, noma yimuphi uhambo ithafa Ukok - leli yithuba ukuvakashela izindawo ezinhle kakhulu akude. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo into livulekele zonke izizwe, ngoba indawo ubhekwa ukuxhumana kakhulu ahlukahlukene amaqembu ezinhlanga Eurasia. Yingakho, ngenhlanhla, wabizwa ngokuthi i-altare, i-Eurasia.

Esikhathini ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi ithafa endaweni engamamitha angaphezu kuka-2 ayizinkulungwane amamitha itholakala Bertekskaya Basin, futhi kusukela ithafa enyakatho igama elifanayo kukhawulwe ugema. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele yokuthi ithafa Ukok nhlobo amahlathi, kodwa kukhona okuningi ukusakaza, emifuleni, amaxhaphozi kanye namachibi glacial.

Ngokusho Bertekskoy esigodini ageleza emfuleni eyisisekelo kunazo complex okuthiwa Ak-Alakha. Kusukela eningizimu ithafa lufrenyiwe ngumuntu afanayo ngokubabazekayo ngokuthi Tabyn-Bogda Ola. Izinguzunga Zeqhwa Zase-ukondla imifula ebalulekile kakhulu esifundeni: Katun, Irtysh futhi Khovd.

An eziningi Ukok Plateau liyisikhungo ezindawo nezamasiko nezwekazi Eurasia.

Yini igama le ndawo?

Kukhona nakanjani ezikushoyo kunzima. Ngokwesibonelo ukuhumusha kusuka-Mongolian "Ukok" lumelela igama elithi "entabeni okuqinile" noma "indawo ephakeme kokuba phezulu flat". Kodwa ngolimi Kyrgyz, igama elithi "Ukok" lisetshenziswa lapho kubhekiselwa kwabanye wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, Amathafa.

Abantu bendawo ushayele Ukok Plateau uhlobo "ukuphela kwendaba." Inganekwane ethile ithi ezimfundeni ithafa ibekwe esezongena esibhakabhakeni, ngalé kwemingcele nethonya womuntu. Phela, abantu Altai nabo bayakholelwa ukuthi asikwazi Bayamemeza futhi ngokuvamile akhulume kakhulu futhi azwakale, ngoba kungaba elibi lokuhlambalaza futhi ukuthuka ukuhlabela imimoya yabafileyo.

Ukok Plateau. Kanjani lapho. ezokuthutha impambano

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi asihole imigwaqo ithafa slozhnopreodolevaemye ngokusebenzisa entabeni ende sihamba, lapho esigodini emfuleni. Kaluga kungenziwa esafinyelelwa Chuysk. Nokho, kulo mgwaqo iba passable kuphela izimoto ezikhethekile.

By the way, kufanele acabangele yokuthi omningi walo nyaka, abafundi abaphumelela ngayo zisesimweni ngendathane futhi embozwe yiqhwa, futhi kukhona rockfalls njalo.

Isigaba 5: How to get wena imoto

Ngomqondo onabile, kuze emzaneni Kosh-Agach engafinyelelwa yinoma yimuphi uhlobo imoto, futhi ngesivinini neyamukelekayo ozidelayo idrayivu Warm Springs. I pass kakhulu efanayo zinganqotshwa ngemoto izinyanga 2 kuphela ngonyaka.

On ithafa bayofinyelelwa kuphela ngemoto four-wheel drive, amasondo udaka, amandla umzimba ungakuphi, indophi, Jack, isondo ezimbili ezisele, kanye ithangi egcwele amafutha umthamo 60 amalitha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahambi ebona ukuncoma ukuya ngezihlahla futhi lisendaweni Ukok, izithombe Avame ukutholakala ngo isiqondiso ekuphileni yesimanje ngezimo zezwe ngalinye, amaqembu izimoto 2-3.

Isigaba 6. Siyini "Ukok epholile Zone"

"Zone sokuthula 'ibizwa ngokuthi entsha, okuyinto ayinakho analogue emhlabeni kumiswa Geological, esebenza njengesikhali inqolobane kwemithombo yemvelo zensimu. International Ukwahlukanisa neoplasm libhekisela yesikhashana isigaba VI, okubonisa kakhulu isisetshenziswa Reserve.

Lokhu ukushiyana kwezidalwa izosetshenziswa njengoba nje isimo sezwe akuyona sabe isigaba unomphela.

Ukuze izinkinga zamanje "indawo ethule" alibhekiseli kuphela ekuhlanganyeleni ukuze kulondolozwe ngokusimama kwezinsiza zemvelo, kodwa futhi kuvinjelwe noma yimuphi umsebenzi kwezomnotho, okuyinto, ngandlela-thile, kungabangela ukulimala endaweni evikelwe.

Isikhathi nomlando

Isidingo zihlanganisa ithafa ohlwini izindawo avikelwe ngokukhethekile kubangelwa ukwanda Ukungenela komuntu nolaka. Izinyathelo zokuqala ukusindisa wonke umnotho Ukok ithafa (sezintaba Altai) Kuye kwenziwa kudala njengoba iminyaka 60-70. kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Khona-ke uhulumeni wendawo lesinqumo ekhethekile, okuyinto elawulwa ziklabe ingcindezi, ukungcola emifuleni, ukuzingela nokudoba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto zemvelo ithafa sekuthiwe izikhumbuzo zemvelo.

Ngokuvamile, kuyafaneleka ukuthi phezu Ukok kukhona emakamu enkulu zemivubukulo lezinkathi zomlando ezahlukene, kusukela Paleolithic ziphethe okwamanje.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

flora kuze kube sesikhathini sethu "izindawo ukuphumula" kungukuthi ngokugcwele. Yize kona ukuthi ngobuningi eyinhloko alpine zinhlobo asemaqeleni ezaziwayo. emnene ihlathi futhi alpine izici. Ngezinye ungubani okusezingeni eliphezulu Flora Ukok ithafa, okuyinto libuyekeza kule isiqondiso ekuphileni azisenzeki kaningi njengokuthanda singathanda, ke kuyofikwa ubuhlobo baso izitshalo Asian.

Minyaka yonke kukhona izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ezingavamile: Astragalus, Oxytropis, e-Altai rhubarb, umnsalo ongaphakeme, larkspur, Rhodiola, futhi nesithwathwa ngakho.

I "zone zokuthula 'futhi nezilwane ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Ezingenamgogodla nazi lezi ngempela ezingavamile Lepidoptera zasendle, njengokhozi Apollo abavamile, Apollo Phoebus, zheltushka-Mongolian, Nigella Kefershteyna njll amadamu Ukoka kutholakala izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela. Fish: Grayling futhi Altayskiy Osman.

Ngaphambi kwesikhathi nasemanzini agelezayo yethu ezihuquzelayo ezitholakala, kodwa izinyoni eziningi baphile. Baningi Waterfowl futhi izinyoni zasogwini, lapho tundryanka futhi ptarmigan, okungokwendlela ozala Galliformes.

Ngokuvamile, "indawo yokuthula" iyikhaya phezu 20 zezilwane ezincelisayo.

Ezinye izinhlobo zayo eziningi izilwane nezitshalo bhalisiwe e Red Encwadi Altai.

Ukok - ezweni Iqhwa

Kutfutfukiswa ice indunduma imihlola ezilwandle entshonalanga Ukoka ichaza engajulile eyiqhwa nge komyanga zokuhlunga kwezulu.

Indima zokwakheka abaningi ice ngokuvamile itholakala ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ayegeleza esuka ekwindla isizini efudumele.

Naledi ngokuvamile kwaphoqa ungene amaphutha kwakhiwa ngu komhlaba. Kwesizini ukubukeka kwabo kwandisa umfutho imithombo kanye frost weathering. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa okuyinto kukhona waterlogging ngensimu eduze, izimo ukuthuthukisa lezi zindawo izimila amanzi-onothando.

imivubukulo

Eminyakeni 90 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, uyathola ukuthusa enziwa Bertekskoy umcengezi. Kube wathola amasiko yokungcwaba ezazikhona emuva ІІІ- II yeminyaka BC. e.

Ekumbeni amaSkithe. yokungcwaba izindunduma baye basiza ososayensi ukuba simazi nge isiko ukuthoma ngesiKhathi seSimbi. ukutholakala Umhlaba kwaba ukutholakala endaweni lonke yokungcwaba "inkosazana ukokskoy."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule ndawo lenqwaba amathuna, izibalo itshe, izakhiwo isiko futhi kule migede imidwebo eziye zatholakala.

Ngokuvamile, le Ukok Plateau (impendulo abahambi ukwazi Asiyikulala) - umcebo omangalisayo ngempela zemvelo nezamasiko Eurasia, ezidinga ukunakekelwa nokuvikelwa.

Ngubani laseSiberia Ice Ntombazane?

Leli gama eyabizwa ngokuthi i-mummy yowesifazane atholakala lapho bemba abavubukuli Russian e kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso kwaba ngelinye lamavesi abaluleke kunawo wonke emkhakheni ngokwesayensi.

Kurgan, lapho inkosazana wangcwatshwa, ngesikhathi ekumbeni ngo-1993 usesimweni agugile zonakale. Imivubukulo olwenziwa Doctor of zomlando Sciences kanye Archeologist kusukela Novosibirsk - N.Polosmak.

Ekuqaleni endundumeni ithafa Ukok Princess etholakele. Kube watholakala endaweni yokupaka, okuyinto akunakubangelwa ukuthoma ngesiKhathi seSimbi. Endaweni enye Emathuneni asendulo, abavubukuli baye bathola umthombo emphemeni ne emzimbeni womuntu wesifazane, igcwele yiqhwa. Kuvulwe gumbi lokungcwaba ngokucophelela, ngokuzama ukuba singabonisi kulimaze okuqukethwe. Abavubukuli kwadingeka ukuba kancane kancane Ncibilikisa ice ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

6 atholakala ngaphakathi amahhashi lifake Izihlalo zamahhashi, emphemeni sokhuni, sagibela nezipikili zethusi. Konke lokhu kukhomba okungcwatshwa ngayo intokazi wekuvana kwezakhi phakathi umphakathi. Phakathi nocwaningo kwatholakala ukuthi mummy siphathelene cc V-III. BC. e. Princess eneminyaka engu-25.

Namuhla, lilondolozwe ngesikhathi Novosibirsk Museum. Okwamanje, ukugcina lo mummy ngaphansi esakhiweni ukwakhiwa, kepha efaniswe indunduma lapho kwatholakala.

Izinkinga esifundeni: i Ukok nokwakhiwa wegesi

Kuze kube manje, esifundeni uye wavuthwa inkinga engathí sina. abasebenzi negesi nezikhulu ufuna bona bakhele phezu kwelwazi "ethule zone" amapayipi.

Ibhulogi le-iNhloko Altai Republic ibekwe ekhethekile inkulumo-ze ishidi ekusekeleni ukwakhiwa iphayiphi. Leli phepha ligcizelela ukubaluleka kwesivumelwano kusolwa Altai "Gazprom" amanye uwoyela negesi inkampani Chinese. Wabuye wathi ukwakhiwa kwalesi sikhungo ngeke gasify eziqhele kakhulu, ngalokho lunikeze yemali engenayo kanye nemisebenzi.

Ukok Plateau - a eliyingqayizivele amagugu ezibalulekile zemvelo kanye namagugu lwesintu. ukubaluleka kwalo ingafaniswa ne-Eiffel Tower noma Louvre. Letha lokhu park emvelo magnificent somhlatshelo izigidigidi ezingahloniphekile kakhulu. Manje izwe ligcwele isivinini inyuka nentukuthelo enkulu lapho kuzwakala ukubhujiswa ezikhumbuzo eziyingqayizivele esidlule, ngakho ukuhlaselwa igesi Ukok iba ebukekayo ngaphezulu.

Ukubeka kuyabuchitha imvelo iphayiphi igesi "Gazprom" kwephula hhayi nje kuphela imithetho Russia, kodwa futhi izivumelwano eziningi zamazwe omhlaba, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobana neminyaka bakha uhlu UNESCO.