Isiteshi Museum "Kozlov Zaseka" Tula esifundeni: incazelo, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Kukhona Museum amancane esiteshini eziyinkimbinkimbi "Kozlov Zaseka" phakathi nezikhungo Russian kwamasiko, ukugcina futhi bembonisa ukubonisa izinto ezibalulekile futhi imibhalo. Ikheli esiteshini ilula: emzini Tula, emgwaqweni Lva Tolstogo. I abaseduze sisendleleni eya ifa Yasnaya Polyana Yeka wavula ngo 1868. ukwakhiwa kwalo ehlangene ethwele Moskovsko-Kurskoy wesitimela ithrekhi (okwamanje legatsha Tula eMoscow w / d). Isiteshi kungokwalabo esigabeni wokusebenzisa.

uyaziqhenya Chugunkov

Kwenzeka isimanga ngoba isiphetho ukucasha esiteshini esincane ihlobene eduze igama umbhali omkhulu Russian, umbhali amanoveli "Impi Nokuthula", "Anna Karenina," "Uvuko" kanye nabanye, ngoba yena wazalwa, wayehlala futhi esebenza e Yasnaya Polyana. impucuko impumelelo kanye yenze ezinye izinguquko ezisemqoka kwempilo kokujwayelekile isidleke ejwayelekile (khumbula, ekuqaleni ifa ingeyamakhosi bohlobo Kartsev ke Volkonsky futhi UTolstoy).

Leo nendlu yakhe zazivame abonwa phezu Gantry: bekufika lapho-imeyli, zisebenzisa amasevisi ngocingo. Ngo-November 1910 Ashen kusukela yasekwindla, njengokungathi usizi esiteshini wabingelela lomngcwabo we frequenter yakhe edumile. kufika wezimpahla Sad kusukela Astapovo lapho UTolstoy wabanjwa ihora lakhe lokugcina.

Kunobufakazi bokuthi uma umbhali "Chugunkov ozidlayo" kuqala wabona ukudideka abanolwazi. ukwethuka Khanyisa ngohlobo Swinger puffing esitimela washesha: "Mirror we Russian Revolution," njengoba yaziwa, wayebuye ibonisa zonke okuqhubekayo, kuhlanganise emkhakheni wezinto zobuchwepheshe. Umzila Yasnaya Polyana - Kozlov Zaseka baba ejwayele ke. Amateur luhamba sasivumela yingcweti kalula ujantshi ngenkuthalo belisebenzisa.

Bavelaphi igama

Lolu hambo wokugcina indodakazi yakhe Tatiana e Kochety UTolstoy oneminyaka engu-82 ubudala, futhi, waya ngesitimela. Kwaba Agasti. Ngaphandle kwefasitela ekuqaleni kancane, bese ngokushesha bangene izihlahla ujwayelene ryzhinkami kuqala okunye ngaphandle kwamaqabunga awo aluhlaza, wagijima ukuwahlangabeza, "wabaleka" omunye: Lutho neze Leo bacabanga ukuthi yokuvalelisa phakade "Farewell, Kozlov Zaseka!". Phakathi nohambo, umtshele ngakho yokuvalelisa "usuku" nge esiteshini.

Izivakashi abanesifiso abaholela: kungani stop ubudala ibizwa ngakho hhayi ngenye? igama elisuka e ngekhulu nanhlanu. Lezo zindawo babe emaphethelweni ubukhulu eMoscow, okuye kwadingeka ukuthi bavikeleka ekuhlaseleni isitha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usethe abatis.

Ukwakhiwa kuyingxenye ebalulekile nezivikelo sibukeke njengalokhu: kwaketula izihlahla ezinkulu, namagatsha awo kuphelelwe kangangokuba ogcwele Cola. Ngokushesha unqobe lo vorog isithiyo wahluleka, enikeza abavikeli ithuba ukuqoqa amandla. Gantry isithiyo wendawo ogama lakhe behlonipha izimantshi Danila Kozlov. Ngokusobala, umuntu omkhulu kulelo isibindi futhi ahlonishwe abantu.

Ukwakhiwa kabusha kuyinto ababethi bemitshingo nesixuku

Kusukela ngo-1928 kuya ku-2001, esiteshini Kozlov Zaseka ngokuthi Yasnaya Polyana, wabuyela igama lakhe yasekuqaleni. UTolstoy futhi amaningi okuthiwa stop kafushane nangokomzwelo: Kozlovka. Namuhla ukuthi enomsindo "kwalasha lapho bengeke benze abantu", okuyinto yake yabhala UTolstoy, noma egumbini lokulinda noma emsamo, njengoba umthetho, is hhayi waphawula.

Futhi ngaphambi nje yena nomkhaya wakhe omkhulu, ababebalelwa imiphefumulo eyishumi nantathu izingane, ungakwazi ukubhuka imoto. Ungacabanga ukuthi obukhulu whiled kude isikhathi kuze kufike isitimela, ohlezi phezu amabhentshi ngokhuni egumbini lokulinda. Omncane ngokuqinisekile kahle endaweni encane kuze kufike ku: okubona wonke amagumbi, liphume ku tiptoes ukubona cashier efasiteleni.

Ngemva kabusha 2001, oba ngo isinyathelo we ujantshi eMoscow, esihlalweni, njengawo ngaphambi, abagibeli bamenyiwe ukuba zihlale phansi umzuzu noma amahora ambalwa. Bheka engajwayelekile Amahhovisi ibhokisi elikhanyayo bezijabulisa kakhulu ngisho omdala yesimanje. Phakathi nohambo lwabo lwasolwandle engqondweni yethu ezithakazelisayo ukuvakashela ihhovisi esiteshini Kozlov abatis.

Abadala nabasha

On the green umholi ithebula baize flaunts endala yocingo. Bangaki imilayezo unengwa ke? eposini, ucingo ehhovisi - konke ngesikhathi UTolstoy: bayakhohlwa cell phone yakho, hamba ubize izihlobo noma abangani idokodo. Izivakashi eziningi baziwa: uhambo interactive emuva ngesikhathi bathanda. Kozlov Zaseka - Museum, okuyinto bonke ubudala.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, okungukuthi ngo-1902, isiteshi eziyinkimbinkimbi ungeze umthwalo isikhala, yesikhulumi Yakhiwa izinkuni, Lesisemkhatsini (esiqhingini) yesikhulumi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sakha indlu yangasese, sela, Puteyskaya endlini. Konke lokhu kuqukethwe namuhla usesimweni Lihle lungisa, ukuze akanamahloni ukukhombisa izivakashi zabo zakwamanye amazwe ukuletha.

Okuthathelwa kukho: 2001 Kozlov Zaseka kuyinto igatsha Museum-esiteyidi UTolstoy "Yasnaya Polyana" (Shchekinsky wesifunda, Tula esifundeni).

Phakathi kabusha enkulungwaneni yesithathu njengesisekelo athathwe ngo-1910: wasebenzisa ulwazi walondoloza mayelana nokubonakala isakhiwo, umhlobiso zayo, ukubonakala endaweni ezungezile. Ngokusekelwe yokuthi isiteshi ukukhonza ukugwema "inclusions" wesimanje (I-antenna, ikhebula, nokunye. D.) Yehlulekile. Kodwa izivakashi cha thikazisa izinto ezincane, ukugxila ezibalulekile.

ngemuva umzila?

Station eside ephila ukuphila esebenzayo: odlulayo izitimela elide ehlobo nabasebenzisi we ujantshi baba amaholide eziningi. Kodwa izikhathi sezishintshile. Labo wavakashela Gantry ikhombe ngo-2016, wezwa kusukela iziqondiso hambo, isitimela eMoscow - Yasnaya Polyana kukhanselwe, naphezu lokho okuye efunwa ngabakwa abagibeli. abasebenzi Museum Ngethemba ukuthi umzila, buyobuyiselwa. Phela, nguye endaweni ezimangalisayo mlando.

Yebo ... kanye kusuka eMoscow kuya Yasnaya Polyana abantu abaningi abadumile wafika Lvu Tolstomu. Ngokwesibonelo, umculi IIya Repin. Wenza abangane kanye nesazi kudala njengoba 1880, lapho ngokungazelelwe wehlela studio wakhe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, nombhali isithombe "Barge Haulers phezu iVolga", "Ivan le Kubi neNdodana yakhe", nabanye. Cishe njalo ngonyaka wavakashela umbhali omkhulu izindlu umndeni wakhe, wadala igalari ekumeni of nomunye.

Sasihamba estate engengaphansi lihlonishwa Ongoti yobuciko uVladimir Korolenko, Ivan Shishkin, nezinye tivakashi letihloniphekile. Bonke ke saya esiteshini Kozlov Zaseka (Tula). UTolstoy umbhangqwana ojabulayo wabahlangabeza, ephelezelwa ukuba Yasnaya Polyana, amakhilomitha lapho abambalwa kuphela. Futhi lena kuphela ingxenye encane idatha zomlando.

Kwakhiwe isakhiwo sokulondoloza amagugu elincane kodwa ezithakazelisayo

izivakashi abaningi bayawuthanda kakhulu izinzuzo Museum kanye esiteshini sesitimela, uqaphele ingxube avumelanayo umlando kanye yesimanjemanje. Kulokhu Museum - ekamelweni elincane nge nokuchaza ezithakazelisayo. Lo mbukiso ibizwa ngokuthi "Lva Tolstogo sesitimela". Kwakufana imbiza? Indlela agqoke zabahamba? Uyini sife-ku wemithwalo?

Konke lokhu nokunye okuningi zingatholakala ku abasenawo esiteshini nge umbhalo oqoshwe e isiSlavonic Esidala: "Kozlov Zaseka". Desk, ngemuva okungase ukugcizelela esibayeni imigqa embalwa, vintage, izintokazi efekethisiwe 'futhi raincoats zabesilisa azinabo komgwaqo, amagilavu, ipotimende elikhulu, ekhangayo isithombe indzaba - konke lokhu kuvumela ukuba babone umoya iminyaka eyadlula.

Kukhona inkonzo ezifana esithombeni ku engakashukeki engutsheni endala. Ngakho lapho ephuma, abantu ngenjabulo uthatha ekhaya isiqeshana isikhumbuzo Kozlovka. Ungakwazi ahlale endaweni ngokudayisa ka L. N. Tolstogo, kuvulandi, e flowerbeds, ebhentshini nge ekhandiwe tracery imilenze - lokukhetha zezivakashi hlaza kuya obonakala ulula stop Kozlov abatis. "Indlela uthole kuye?" - umbuzo namuhla usuku. Kodwa kule ngezansi.

Zonke njengasezulwini UTolstoy

Kukholakala ukuthi ugcine wangaphambili emfashinini namuhla. Nokho, Museum avakashelwa ngithanda ukubonga bonke labo ezikhathini zethu ezinzima wakwazi ngokuvumelanayo sihlanganise yesimanjemanje kanye nomlando. Isiteshi Museum "Kozlov Zaseka" - isibonelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, imitha ngalinye elisebenza isithombe esihle.

Kwacatshangwa futhi kuhlaziywe yonke imininingwane. Ngokuqinisekile kwakungekhona kulula ukwakha emsamo kwanoma iyiphi metal noma plastic ezivalekile. Kodwa kwakungafanele at UTolstoy. Ngakho-ke ezicijile kuwufanele ezimfushane, ngokhuni, okuqinile ababukeka eqinisweni. Phakathi kwalezi, kungenzeka, wakuhlanganisa ihhashi lakhe UTolstoy.

Iphosta isixwayiso isidingo ingqondo lapho emsamo Retro kakhulu: umnumzana ngeshwa kulesi sigqoko phezulu, ukuthi futhi bheka, uthole esimweni esiyingozi. Futhi iyini lokhu kunxusa: "Nkosi, unakekele impilo!" Abaningi baziwa: nje ufuna ukuba nangokuhleleka ikukhonzile.

Ehlobo ungcono ebusika

Zaseka Kozlov - iphuzu elilodwa okuyinto kuwufanele ukuvakashelwa kunoma ubani ukhathele amaqembu wokuziphilisa befuna. Bathanda ukuthathwa isithombe ngokumelene okwenza Museum kanye esiteshini sesitimela lo mbhangqwana. Wedding bezithombe ngokuvamile khetha "imibala" kahle lasendulo, isakhiwo esiteshini ngokwayo, isikhumbuzo umbhali. Ngokuvamile, Kozlov Zaseka eyaziwa futhi ekhangayo (nakuba sekwenzeka: i esinabantu ke engenalutho).

Cishe zonke izimenywa ngokuzithandela liba esitolo isikhumbuzo, ibha umthamo, ukungcebeleka, endaweni. Ehlobo ophithizelayo ngaphezulu. Ebusika, njengoba kwasho abanye, "Ubuhle akwanele." Kepha ezimbotsheni zom kanye fruiting, bonke bayavumelana ukuthi emoyeni omuhle, iphunga elimnandi apula, futhi yonke indawo iphunga petunias. Izakhamizi ikakhulukazi bayakwazisa okunethezeka.

Ukuba Kozlovka!

Izitimela ukuze Gantry ikhombe - yinto yesikhathi esidlule. Khumbula ukuthi kudala eduze Tula umzila - Kozlov Zaseka abantu bahamba kagesi lutho Uphakeme. Wasuka esiteshini eKursk e Moscow, kodwa kukhanselwa, amakhowe ekukholakala ukuthi ngenxa yokuntuleka abagibeli.

Manje, ochwepheshe ukweluleka ukusebenzisa inombolo Shuttle 218, okuyinto esithunyelwa eMoscow w / esiteshini. Vele ungakhohlwa ukuxwayisa umshayeli ukuba Kozlovka, ngoba ngokuvamile abashayeli licace kakhudlwana lafinyelela nezimagqabhagqabha, nezimbuzikazi wena ngokudlula umgomo, izoba stop zokugcina edolobhaneni Skuratovo (West). Kusuka lapho, iya esiteshini kude futhi kungaba kuphithene yaseZimbabwe-ithrekhi. Yiba uhambo ezinhle!