Isigaba "A1": ubuqili ilayisensi yokushayela

Ekupheleni kuka-2013, umthetho "Ngo-Road Traffic Safety" satjhugululwa. ilayisense yokushayela usefunde ukubukeka okusha, futhi izinhlobo zezimoto zahlukaniswa ezigabeni ezingaphezulu. Amalungelo ngaphansi isampula entsha manje banezizinda pink-blue. Isigaba "A1" (kanye "B1", "C1", "D1") uvumela abashayeli ukulawula izimoto engasindi.

Ilayisense olusha yokushayela

Ekuqaleni kuka March 2011 eRussia banikeza ilungelo isampuli entsha. Kusukela 'emidala' amalayisense ukushayela, bayehluka ngokubukeka, ukwengeza ibhakhodi kanye ukunwetshwa uhlu lwezigaba ezengeziwe uvumele ukulawula izimoto ngabanye. Imithetho olusha uvele isigaba "A1", "BE", "TM-tram" kanye nabanye. Izigaba Iningi laqanjwa 11.05.2013.

Ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha umnikazi we Moped (isithuthuthu) alinalo ilungelo ukuze ukwazi ukuqondisa imoto ize ithole ilayisensi somshayeli isigaba ethile. Lokhu faka amaphaphu ATVs. Kulokhu, mopeds kungabuye elawulwa nemithetho "ubudala". Ukukhishwa kwamalayisensi umshayeli olusha kwenziwa ngamaphoyisa omgwaqo on April 1 kulo nyaka. Amalungelo ekhishwe 2011-2014. ukuhambisana namazinga omhlaba kanye ezivumelekile wonke amazwe ayengawabantwana yasayina isivumelwano sokusungula uMkhandlu ku Road Traffic.

izimoto Isigaba ngo-2014

Amalungelo alabo bantu imodeli entsha wahlala imikhakha eyinhloko imoto: "A", "B", "C", "D". Kodwa manje ngamunye wabo uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintsha eziningana. On 05.11.2013 iphemithi, ungabona ohlwini olulandelayo:

• Isigaba "M" - Quads engasindi, mopeds.
• Isigaba "A" - izithuthuthu.
• Isigaba "A1" - izithuthuthu ephethe namandla cubic ezingekho ngaphezu 125 cm ³ futhi amandla esiphezulu kilowatts 11.
• Isigaba "B" - cishe yonke izimoto, kuhlanganise SUV nokukhanya amaloli.
• Isigaba "B1" - amamodeli we ngamabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu futhi quadricycles.
• Isigaba "C" - izimoto nge esiphezulu mass ogunyaziwe (MPM) 3500 kg. Ngakho nazi nezimoto trailer, nge MRM 750 kg.
• Isigaba "C1" - nezimoto kuvunyelwe isisindo 3500-7500 kg; nezimoto trailer, nge MRM 750 kg.
• Isigaba "D" - zonke amabhasi.
• Isigaba "D1" - ukunika ilungelo ukulawula amabhasi amancane, kuhlanganise 8-16 passazhiromest.
• Isigaba "B1" - esigabeni okuzenzekelayo "B", kuhambisana trailer, lapho MPM> 750 kg kanye nenqwaba umshini ngaphandle umthwalo.
• Isigaba "CE" - izimoto Isigaba "C", exhumene trailer nge esiphezulu isisindo kuvunyelwe ngenhla 750 kg.
• Isigaba "C1E" - esigabeni okuzenzekelayo "C1", kuhambisana trailer kabani MPM> 750 kg kodwa esingeqi isisindo imoto ngaphandle umthwalo isimo ukuthi isisindo Imininingwane kuvunyelwe sokuqanjwa akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-1200 kg.
• Isigaba "DE" - izimoto Isigaba "D", exhunywe kwi trailer lapho MPM ingeqi 750 kg; Lihlanganisa i okushiwo ibhasi hlobo.
• Isigaba "D1E" - kuhlanganisa auto isigaba "D1", kuhambisana trailer kabani MRM esingaphansi 750 kg, kodwa ayidluli isisindo umshini ngaphandle umthwalo ngombandela wokuthi esiphezulu jikelele kuvunyelwe isisindo sokuqanjwa akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-1200 kg.
• Isigaba "TM" - tram.
• Isigaba "TB" - inqola.

Umnyaka adingekayo esigabeni ngasinye kwamalungelo

• Ukwamukela isigaba "A1" kanye "M" kungenzeka izakhamuzi zaseRussia, ngubani kwafinyelela kweminyaka eyi-16.
• isigaba ilayisensi "A", "B", "C", "B1", "C1" ikhishwa kubantu abaneminyaka engu-18 ubudala.
• "D", "TM", "TB", "D1" - isigaba izakhamuzi ungathola oneminyaka engu-21 ubudala.
• Izigaba of "BE", "CE", "DE" zikhishwa ukuze izakhamuzi isiRashiya, ngaphezu konyaka 1 izigaba abafanelekile "B", "C", "D", ngokulandelana.
• "C1E", "D1E" bangathola izakhamuzi kokuba ukushayela izigaba ilayisensi "C", "D", "C1", "D1" unyaka mkhulu 1.

Thatha somunye isigaba "B" futhi "C" kungaba engu-17 ubudala, kodwa ilayisensi yokushayela ikhishwa kuphela kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu-18. Abantu abangofakazi empini, ungathola iminyaka engu-19 esigabeni "D", "D1".

Isigaba "A"

Lesi siqu TC itholakala phezulu kukholamu ilayisense ekhethekile yokushayela futhi inikeza ikhono lokulawula motor-izindlela. Isigaba "A1" kunikeza ilungelo ukuba umshayeli izithuthuthu ukuxegiselwa. Ukuba isigaba "A", umshayeli angakwazi ukulawula imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo (njengoba esinekalishi, futhi ngaphandle kwazo). Kuthiwa nguye futhi owenza unelungelo ukushayela emithathu futhi ezine-ezinamasondo imoto ngongqimba ukugijimela oda <400kg. Ukuze "Yeqa" umngane ezimbili ezinamasondo, wena kumelwe sibe abaqeqeshwe nge ukulethwa theory, luhlolo esisebenzayo. Ukushayela Ilayisensi Imikhakha ayatholakala eseneminyaka engu-18. Ngalezi amalungelo, ungakwazi ukugibela futhi amadala onobuhle sidecars.

Isigaba "A1"

zokushayela imodeli enwetshisiwe uhlu lwezigaba imoto. "G" isigaba ukhona ngisho namuhla e-UK. It ivumela ukulawula paver. Futhi nangu kwesokudla "A1" isigaba eRussia zikhishwa ngokufinyelela engu-16. Batinikela ilungelo lokulawula izithuthuthu "ukukhanya". Lezi zihlanganisa izimoto ezimbili ezinamasondo ne injini zokusebenza evolumu 125 cm ³ umthamo ezingekho ngaphezu 11 kW. Isigaba "A1" e amalungelo kusho ukuthi umshayeli angakwazi ukulawula imoto ezintathu ezinamasondo lapho amandla injini ngenhla 50 cm ³ ngesivinini 45 km / h. Ngakho mass yabo unladen kufanele kube 550 kg noma ngaphansi. Uma unamalungelo "A" isigaba umshayeli, angakwazi uhlale beshayela imoto "A1" esingezansi. Yini embi ngalo yamalayisense entsha yokushayela aqukethe zokuqala nezokugcina usuku ubuqiniso esigabeni ngasinye.

Inqubo yokuthola amalungelo ukuphatha "lula" ibhayisikili

Ngokuvamile intsha ride on mopeds kanye izithuthuthu ngaphandle kwelayisensi efanele yokushayela. Kodwa dlulelani kusigaba "A1" Kulula. isakhamuzi oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala Russian Federation kubalulekile:

• ufunde amalungiselelo eziyisisekelo SDA;
• ukufunda ukushayela imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo, ukuqasha umuntu ozongifundisa abanolwazi;
• uthole medspravka;
• ngendlela efanele enze umsebenzi theory, luhlolo okungokoqobo omgwaqo.

Imaphi amakhono noma sivivinywa ingxenye ngokoqobo ukuhlolwa

Umfundi ofuna banelungelo "A1" sigaba kumele uyabonisa traffic amakhono athile, ukuthi, enze uchungechunge lwezinguquko zijike ngokushesha.

• Kuqondile ukuhambisa ngesithuthuthu, ukushintsha ukudluliswa ongaphakeme ukuba nalokho okusezingeni eliphezulu kungokufanayo.
• Bonisa ikhono ukulawula imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo ngejubane ubuncane futhi musa ukulahla ijubane ngezinyathelo - ". Kukhwelana ibhodi"
• Ukushintshanisa futhi uvule endaweni engaba encane, "inyoka", "umbuthano D", "eziyisishiyagalombili".

Uma examinee ingasebenzi "kukhwelana ibhodi" noma "eziyisishiyagalombili", suppresses injini ngesikhathi kuqalwa isithuthuthu nge endaweni phakathi ukuvala shaqa abakwazi ukuvala ukudluliswa lapho injini isebenza, ukuhlolwa usuphothuliwe. Akhethwe abashayeli isitembu "hhayi lidlule". Umbuzo, ukuthi ungathola kanjani esigabeni "A1" uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka luhlolo esisebenzayo. Kulula: Kufanele enze aqondisa ngenhla traffic futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7 (in the case of ukuhlolwa esikoleni ukushayela).

Abangakwazi ukulawula izigaba imoto "A1"

Ukuze uthole kulungile, umshayeli esizayo ukuba kudlule ekhethekile ngihlolwa. Efuna uphathe ezimbili ngesihlalo esinamasondo wayiswa "nezinye" ngokuvakashela Ochwepheshe ezilandelayo: Otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, udokotela ohlinzayo, lo dokotela wezifo zengqondo, lo dokotela wezifo zengqondo, isazi sezinzwa sase-, wemithi yangaphakathi, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane (abesifazane).

Amalungelo yesigaba "A1" akuyona esikhishwe uma Abezokwelapha ngeke lenqabe ukukhiphela isitifiketi kokufaneleka ukuphathwa imoto. Ministry of Health uye wanikeza uhlu izifo, evinjiwe ukuthola amalungelo. Phakathi kwabo:

• izifo esweni, indlebe (ezingamahlalakhona);
• isifo senhliziyo, kwakheka imithambo yegazi;
• ukugula zempilo yengqondo;
• uhlobo kuhlinzwa lesi sifo;
• retardation sengqondo;
• zesifo sokuwa;
• ukuluthwa utshwala kuyinto imvelo ezingamahlalakhona;
• yizidakamizwa;
• Nanoma yiluphi uhlobo kwezidakamizwa.

Special Medical Commission ingakhipha umbono phezu unsuitability abaphathi CU isikhathi esingeqile eminyakeni 5.

Indlela esikhundleni ilungelo elidala imodeli

izakhamuzi isiRashiya zokushayela Uyi eside fixed (esiphezulu iminyaka engu-10), emva kwalokho banquma ezibhekwa ayivumelekile. Ukuze bavale isikhala salo noma buyisela unelungelo lokubamba izivivinyo akudingekile. Kufanele sisebenzise emnyangweni amaphoyisa omgwaqo, ukuletha passport yakho, ilayisensi "ubudala", isitifiketi wezokwelapha kanye ifothokhophi yalo. Zonke imibhalo kufanele inikwe amaphoyisa womgwaqo, okwathi ngemva yokuqinisekisa unika umshayeli irisidi lokukhokha imisebenzi isimo. Imithetho ziyashintsha ngosuku olufanayo. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kube isikhathi ezahlukene, uma amaphoyisa omgwaqo kudingeka okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso kwemibhalo noma ubunikazi umshayeli, ngubani osolisayo. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni inqubo umthetho esikhundleni, kangcono ukuba isifundazwe sikhokhele isigwebo wokugcina abahloli engazange aphakamisele imibuzo eminingi ngesikhathi isheke ungubani. abashayeli izithombe ku ilayisensi somshayeli isampuli entsha e MREO. Kusukela 2011, ithuba lokuthola ezimbili izinhlobo amalungelo. Eyokuqala - ngesimo ifomu iphepha laminate kokuba usayizi iphasiphothi. Uhlobo lwesibili kuyinto ikhadi plastic. Amalayisensi "ubudala" ukushayela okugcinwa kusebenza kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi nakhelwe kubo.